2020-2021学年江西省南昌市八一中学高二上学期期中英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2020-2021学年江西省南昌市八一中学高二上学期期中英语试题（解析版）江西省南昌市八一中学 2020- -1 2021 学年高二上学期期中 英语 试题第 一 部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）A Arbeia Roman Fort ( 城堡) and Museum Location and History Arbeia Roman Fort is situated on Hadrian’s Wall. It was the most important structure built by the Romans i

2、n Britain, and now it has been a World Heritage (遗产) Site. Built around AD 160, Arbeia Roman Fort was the military supply base for the soldiers who were stationed along Hadrian’s Wall. The fort has been gradually uncovered and some original parts have been revealed. There are reconstructions t

3、hat show how Arbeia Roman Fort would have looked. The Reconstructions The reconstructions of the Commanding Officer’s house and soldiers’ quarters are strikingly different. The accommodation for soldiers is dark and uncomfortable, while the Commanding Officer’s house is spacious an

4、d luxurious, with courtyards with fountains for him and his family to enjoy. The Museum Visit the museum and see many objects that were found at Arbeia. They are historically important and show what daily life was really like at that time. You will see weapons, tools, jewellery, and so on. You can a

5、lso discover how the Romans buried their dead and see tombstones (墓碑) which survive to this day. There is a hands-on area allowing visitors to dig on a certain site and study their findings with the help of museum staff. You can piece together pottery (陶器), or try writing just as the Romans would ha

6、ve done. For children, they can build this ancient Roman fort with building blocks by themselves. Opening Times and Getting There April 1-October 31:Monday to Saturday 10:00am-5:00pm, Sunday 2:00pm-5:00pm. November 1-March 31: Monday to Saturday 11:00am-4:00pm, closed Sunday. (Closed December 25-26

7、and January 1) Entry is free. Arbeia is only a ten-minute walk from the bus station at South Shields. Free car park nearby. Website: www.twmuseums.org.uk/arbeia 1. According to the passage, Arbeia Roman Fort _. A. was related to the militaryB. got reconstructions around AD 160 C. was built in a smal

8、l area in RomeD. provided a comfortable life for soldiers 2. What can visitors do in the museum? A. Try using weapons. B. See historical objects. C. Write to ancient Romans. D. Build tombstones for the dead. 3. What time does Arbeia Roman Fort close? A. On April 1. B. On October 31. C. On November 1

9、. D. On December 26. 答案 1. A2. B3. D 解析这是一篇说明文。介绍了旅游景点 Arbeia Roman Fort and Museum 的位置、历史、重建及开放时间等信息。1 题详解 细微环节理解题。依据 Location and History 中的Built around AD 160, Arbeia Roman Fort was the military supply base for the soldiers who were stationed along Hadrian’s Wall. (Arbeia 罗马堡垒建于公元 160 年左右，是

10、驻扎在哈德良长城的士兵的军事补给基地。)可知 Arbeia Roman Fort 与军事有关，故选 A 项。 2 题详解 细微环节理解题。依据 The Museum 中的Visit the museum and see many objects that were found at Arbeia. They are historically important and show what daily life was really like at that time. You will see weapons, tools, jewellery, and so on. (参观博物馆，看看在 A

11、rbeia 发觉的很多物品。它们在历史上很重要，展示了当时的日常生活。你会看到武器、工具、珠宝等等。)可知游客们在这个博物馆可以望见很多历史物品，故选 B 项。 3 题详解 细微环节理解题。依据 Opening Times and Getting There 表格里的信息Monday to Saturday 11:00am-4:00pm, closed Sunday. (Closed December 25-26 and January 1)(星期一至六上午11:00 -下午 4:00，星期日休息。(十二月二十五日至二十六日及一月一日关闭)可知 12 月 26 日Arbeia Roman Fo

12、rt 关闭，故选 D 项。B I took a deep breath and walked through the front door, my arms full of groceries. A challenge lay ahead of me, someone who could hardly boil water: cooking the Easter Sunday dinner. What if I made everyone sick? It could truly be our family’s last super meal. Making the holiday

13、 meal was my brother’s job, not mine. I could never fill his shoes. Peter had died in September at the age of 45 from a heart attack, but he’d been a natural in the kitchen all his life. He planned every course in detail, from the crescent rolls to the Dutch apple pie. My family was lost

14、 without him, and we went out to dinner for Thanksgiving and ordered pizza for Christmas. By the time Easter rolled around, though, I couldn’t bear the idea of another holiday surrounded by takeout (外卖食品) boxes. Peter would have hated that. To him, there was nothing more important than a meal

15、made with love. So I convinced Mom that we should cook Easter dinner together. But we were terrible cooks. I had been thinking what to cook for Easter dinner. I’d bitten off more than I could chew. No one could do this half as well as Peter. I stepped into the family room. Mom was still at chu

16、rch, but her newspaper was opened on the coffee table, to the sports section, as usual. She was a huge Notre Dame women’s basketball fan, and the featured story was about the forward Devereaux Peters. I read the headline and nearly dropped my grocery bags, Filling Peters’ Shoes.That afte

17、rnoon, cooking in the kitchen, I didn’t feel so alone. Mom and I pulled together and the Easter feast was not that bad. The ham may have been a little dry, but it was all made with love just like Peter would have wanted. 4. What would Peter have preferred to do if holidays had come? A. To go o

18、ut to have dinner. B. To order pizza. C. To show off his cooking skills. D. To cook a big dinner for his family. 5. The text tells us that _. A. the Easter dinner was the family’s last dinner B. Mom persuaded the author to cook the Easter dinner C. Peter enjoyed cooking a dinner with love D. t

19、heir Easter dinner this year was a complete failure 6. By saying I’d bitten off more than I could chew. in Paragraph 4, the author means _. A. she wasn’t confident in cooking the Easter dinner B. she was not able to eat a lot of food C. the Easter dinner made her sick D. she couldn&rsquo

20、;t cook the dinner alone 7. What might be the best title for the text? A. Cooking in the Kitchen B. Filling Peter’s Shoes C. Happy Easter Day D. Terrible Cooks 答案 4. D5. C6. A7. B 解析这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者接替哥哥为家人做节日盛宴的经过，虽然作者做得没有哥哥好，但她也是和妈妈一起用爱心为家人做饭。4 题详解 细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段第一句Making the holiday meal w

21、as my brother’s job, not mine.( 打算节日大餐是我哥哥的工作，不是我的。)可知，假如节日来临，作者的哥哥 Peter就会为家人打算节日大餐。故选 D 项。5 题详解 细微环节理解题。依据文章第三段Peter would have hated that. To him, there was nothing moreimportant than a meal made with love.( Peter 会不喜爱那样（外卖）。对他来说，没有什么比用爱做的一顿饭更重要了。可知，作者哥哥 Peter 喜爱用爱心做饭。故选 C 项。6 题详解 词句揣测题。依据文

22、章第一段可知作者要为全家做复活节盛宴，但在这之前作者只会烧开水，并且胆怯家人吃了她做的饭会生病，结合画线句后一句No one could do this half as well as Peter.(这件事没有人有 Peter 做得一半好。)可知作者觉得自己不如 Peter 做得好，因此画线句子应表示作者对做复活节盛宴没有信念，故选 A 项。7 题详解 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要叙述了作者接替哥哥 Peter 用爱心为家人做节日盛宴的事情。短语 fill one’s shoes 意为妥当代职，此短语出现在文章其次段I could never fill his shoes.(

23、 我恒久也接替不了他的位置。)以及倒数其次段I read the headline and nearly dropped my grocery bags, Filling Peters’ Shoes.( 我读了标题 Filling Peters’ Shoes，差点儿把购物袋掉在地上，)可知 B 项标题符合文章想要表达的中心思想。故选 B 项。C 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and

24、 good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that g

25、ood news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories. The if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media, says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friend

26、s, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer. Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communicatione-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversationsfound that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的), but that didn’t necessari

27、ly mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles onThe New York Times’ web

28、site. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the most e-mailed list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positi

29、ve feeling with others. Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive

30、an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, Contagious: Why Things Catch On. 8. What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to? A. News reports. B. Research papers. C. Private e-mails. D. Daily conversations 9. What can we infer about people lik

31、e Debbie Downer? A. They’re socially inactive. B. They’re good at telling stories. C. They’re inconsiderate of others. D. They’re careful with their words. 10. Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr. Berger’s research? A. Sports new. B. Science articles. C

32、. Personal accounts. D. Financial reviews. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide B. Online News Attracts More People C. Reading Habits Change with the Times D. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks 答案 8. A9. C10. B11. D 解析本文是说明文。人们常说没有消息就是最好的消息，类似的传统说法只适合

33、于大众媒体。在网络普及的时代，好消息在网络上的传播速度比坏消息要快许多。8 题详解细微环节理解题。依据其次段The if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media可知，像it bleeds这样的传统说法适用于大众媒体，故选 A。9 题详解 推理推断题。依据其次段中you care a lot more how they react可知，你特别在乎挚友听完你讲的故事后的反应，依据You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.可知，你不想被当作一个Debbie Downer，说明

34、 Debbie Downer 指的是一个不为他人考虑的人，故选 C。10 题详解 细微环节理解题。依据第三段articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles可知，科技类的文章比非科技类的更有可能被人们探讨，故选 B。11 题详解 主旨大意题。依据第一段By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread f

35、aster and farther than disasters and sob stories.可知，好消息在网络上传播得更快，影响更深远；说明文章主要讲的是好消息通过网络的传播，故选 D。D When we talk about positive thinking, we often use terms having to do with our hearts open heart, pure heart or joyful heart. But new research from Duke University is making a closer connection, finding

36、 that a positive attitude may be helpful to people who have angina (心绞痛)，a common heart condition.Symptoms of this condition include chest pain or pressure because the heart is not receiving sufficient oxygen. Patients who displayed optimistic thought patterns, including having positive expectations

37、 about recovery, were 40 percent less likely to be hospitalized or require surgery than those who were not optimistic, according to the study. The researchers collected data from 2,400 patients who had diagnoses of angina.An interesting additional finding from the patients questionnaires was that th

38、e most optimistic patients were also the least likely to have histories of heart attack, heart failure or heart disease.The researchers did not declare a causal relationship between positive thinking and better heart disease outcomes, however. There are multiple possible reasons for the results of t

39、he study, including the idea that patients who are healthier to begin with are more likely to expect to recoverand regain good health.But the study does represent a new way of looking at the situation. Now, in addition to a body of research that examines the relationship between depression and heart

40、 health, there is a new way of inquiry that asks whether positive thinking could be used as a strategy to improve outcomes.Lead researcher Alexander Fanaroff, a fellow in the department of cardiology (心脏病学) at the Duke University Medical Center, told the Duke Chronicle that his next research questio

41、n will find ways to improve attitudes among heart patients.Perhaps his subjects could reflect on the word of the writer Anthony J. DAngelo: Smile, it is the key that fits the lock of everybodys heart. 12. How can people with angina get better according to the study? A. By expecting more. B. By think

42、ing positively. C. By getting timely surgery. D. By taking more exercise. 13. What may be Alexander Fanaroff’s next research? A. To explore how to improve patients’ attitudes. B. To find out the ways to treat heart patients. C. To learn the causes of heart diseases. D. To test if positiv

43、e attitudes help with health. 14. What can we learn from the text? A. Optimistic people hardly get heart attack. B. Peoples attitudes decide their overall health. C. How positive thinking benefits heart health is unclear. D. The reason why patients recover well is that they have no depression. 15. W

44、hat may be the best title for the text? A. Keep positive to get rid of illness B. Angina, a kind of serious condition C. Depression, a key cause of heart attack D. Positive thinking makes hearts healthier 答案 12. B13. A14. B15. D 解析本文是一篇说明文。最新探讨表明，主动的看法可能有助于患有心绞痛的人。文章呼吁每个人要微笑面对生活，这是一把打开每个人心灵的钥匙。12 题详

45、解 细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的But new research from Duke University is making a closer connection, finding that a positive attitude may be helpful to people who have angina可知，杜克高校的一项新探讨正在建立主动思索和心脏之间更紧密的联系，发觉主动的看法可能对患有心绞痛的人有所帮助。因此依据这项探讨，心绞痛患者可以通过主动的思索从而感觉好一些。故选 B。13 题详解 细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的his next research question

46、 will find ways to improve attitudes among heart patients.可知，亚历山大法纳罗夫的下一个探讨问题是找到改善心脏病患者看法的方法。即亚历山大法纳罗夫下一步的探讨可能是探讨如何改善患者的看法。故选 A。14 题详解 细微环节理解题。由第三段中的the most optimistic patients were also the least likely to have histories of heart attack, heart failure or heart disease.可知，乐观的病人比别的病人得心脏病的可能性小，但不意味着乐

47、观的人不会得心脏病，因此 A 项是错误的，也可知道 C 项的描述主动的思维对心脏健康有多大好处尚不清晰是错误的。由第五段中的a body of research that examines the relationship between depression and heart health可知，有探讨在关注抑郁症与心脏健康之间的关系，但没有提到 D 项的病人复原良好的缘由是他们没有抑郁症。由第四段中的patients who are healthier to begin with are more likely to expect to recover and regain good he

48、alth.可知，一起先健康的患者更简单期望康复和复原良好的健康。即人们的主动看法确定了他们的整体健康状况。故选 B。15 题详解 主旨大意题。依据第一段中的But new research from Duke University is making a closer connection, finding that a positive attitude may be helpful to people who have angina，a common heart condition. 可知，杜克高校的最新探讨表明，主动的看法可能有助于患有心绞痛的人，但没有提到保持主动的心态能够摆脱疾病，因

49、此 A 项的描述是错误的。由第一段的people who have angina ,a common heart condition可知，心绞痛是一种常见的心脏病，因此 B 项的描述心绞痛是一种严峻的疾病是错误的。文章没有提到抑郁症是心脏病发作的主要缘由，因此 C 项是错误的。D 项的描述主动的思索使心脏更健康符合文章第一段中的描述。即 D项可以作为文章的最佳标题。故选 D。其次节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）依据短文内容，从短文后的七 个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Easy Ways to Give Yourself a Fresh Start It doesnt need to be complicated or challe