六、形容词和副词.doc

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1、1六、形容词和副词六、形容词和副词考纲要求考纲要求1.熟练掌握形容词和副词的种类及用法。2.熟练掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成和用法。考点基础梳理考点基础梳理考点考点 1 形容词形容词1.形容词的用法形容词的用法（1）作定语：用在名词前或复合不定代词后。Mary is a good student.玛丽是个好学生。（2）作表语：用在连系动词之后。He looks very healthy.他看起来很健康。（3）作宾语补足语（动词+宾语+形容词）He found the room open.他发现房间是开着的。（4）作状语：This is our school,beautiful and

2、 well equipped.这是我们学校，设备精良且环境优美。2.形容词的位置形容词的位置请你记住一句话就可以啦！“美小圆旧黄，法国木书房”。房是被修饰的中心名词，从后往前推，书是说明房的作用，也就是放在最近的地方，然后是材料、国籍、颜色、新旧、形状、高低、长短、大小，最后是样子优美或有趣等等，以此类推下去。如：a beautifulbrown leather jacket 一件漂亮的棕色皮夹克考点考点 2 副词的用法副词的用法1.副词的种类副词的种类（1）普通副词）普通副词时间：today,soon,already,now 等地点：here,there,home,in,out 等程度：ve

3、ry,enough,so,almost 等方式：well,fast,carefully,straight 等频率：sometimes,often,usually 等（2）疑问副词一般用于特殊疑问句句首。）疑问副词一般用于特殊疑问句句首。Where have you been?你到哪儿去了？（3）关系副词用来引导定语从句，状语从句或名词性从句。）关系副词用来引导定语从句，状语从句或名词性从句。This is the house where he was born.这就是他出生的房屋。（4）连接副词）连接副词：then,so,however,yet 等。2.副词的作用副词的作用（1）副词可修饰动词

4、副词可修饰动词、形容词形容词、其他副词其他副词、介词短语介词短语、从句名词从句名词、代词及数词等代词及数词等。如：Its raining heavily.雨下得很大。（2）在句中可作表语、介词宾语。）在句中可作表语、介词宾语。如：The class is over.下课了。考点考点 3 形容词和副词的比较级与最高级的构成和用法形容词和副词的比较级与最高级的构成和用法（一）形容词的比较级与最高级的构成（一）形容词的比较级与最高级的构成1.规则变化规则变化（1）单音节词和少数双音节词，加）单音节词和少数双音节词，加-er，-est 构成比较级和最高级。构成比较级和最高级。直接加直接加-er,-es

5、t：talltallertallest以不发音的以不发音的 e 结尾加结尾加-r,-st:nicenicernicest以重读闭音节结尾以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的词末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，双写结尾的辅音字母双写结尾的辅音字母，再加再加-er,-est:2bigbiggerbiggest以辅音字母以辅音字母+y 结尾的词，改结尾的词，改 y 为为 i，再加，再加-er,-est:easyeasiereasiest（2）大多数双音节词和多音节词，加）大多数双音节词和多音节词，加 more,most 构成比较级和最高级。构成比较级和最高级。importantmore importan

6、tmost important2.不规则变化不规则变化原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstoldolder/elderoldest/eldestmuch/manymoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest（二）形容词和副词原级、比较级和最高级的用法（二）形容词和副词原级、比较级和最高级的用法1.原级的用法原级的用法：句中只有一个人或一个事物（没有比较），形容词或副词用原级；形容词或副词前有标志词 very,quite,rather,too,s

7、o 或后有 enough,该词用原级；词组 asas 和not as/soas 之间的形容词或副词用原级。This is a very beautiful flower.这是一朵非常美丽的花。Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。2.比较级的用法比较级的用法（1）表示两者之间的比较，要用比较级）表示两者之间的比较，要用比较级+than。形容词的比较级可用。形容词的比较级可用 much,even,still,alittle,a bit,any,a lot 等修饰。等修饰。He is much taller than I am now.他现在比我高多了。Why not

8、go a little earlier?为什么不早点走呢？（2）比较级）比较级+and+比较级：表示程度加深（比较级：表示程度加深（“越来越越来越”）He runs faster and faster.他跑得越来越快。（3）the+比较级，比较级，the+另外一个词的比较级：表示另外一个词的比较级：表示“越越,越越”The harder you study,the better your English will be.你学习越努力，你的英语（成绩）会越好。3.最高级的用法最高级的用法（1）三者比较用最高级，常用句型）三者比较用最高级，常用句型“最高级最高级 A,B or C”。Which i

9、s the biggest,the sun,the earth or the moon?哪个最大，太阳、地球还是月亮？（2）句中有比较范围：）句中有比较范围：in+场所；场所；of/among+人或物；人或物；among+the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+复复数名词数名词+范围状语。范围状语。He is the tallest in his class.他在班里最高。She runs(the)fastest among/of the five(girls).她在五个人中跑得最快。（3）one of+限定词限定词+最高级最高级+名词复数；名词复数；the+序数词序数词+最高级。最高级。Chang

10、jiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.长江是世界最长的河流之一典例透析探究典例透析探究考查形容词、副词的常见题型有“选择填空”、“完形填空”、“看图短文填空”等。做题时要确定那个是用形容词还是副词。3例 1-How are you feeling today?（2010.广东）-Much _.I can go to school next week.AgoodB.betterC.bestD.well解析此题考查形容词的比较级，比较级前可以用 much 来表示程度。故选 B.例 2 The boy doesnt speak _

11、 his sister,but his written work is very good.（2010.广东）Aas well asB.so good asC.more better thanD.more worse than解析本题考查句型“not as/so+形容词/副词的原级+as”的用法，由句意得知应该选择“好”，另外，speak 是动词，应用副词 well 来修饰，故选 A。例 3 The Changjiang River is the _ river in China.（2010.广东）AlongB.longestC.shortD.shortest解析根据常识可知长江是中国最长的河

12、流，由空格前面的定冠词 the 可知应选形容词最高级。故选 B.例 4-_ have you been?（2010.广东）-Qingdao.AWhat elseB.Other whereC.Where elseD.Where other解析此题考查副词及 else 的用法，从问句及答语中可知，疑问副词应用 where，而 else应用在疑问句或不定代词的后面，故选 C。中考真题热身中考真题热身形容词和副词是中考中常考的知识点，以下是为同学们精心准备的二十道历年真题。（）1.We love to go to the country in spring as the flowers smell s

13、o_.(2010.广州)A.wellB.niceC.wonderfullyD.nicely（）2.Hurry up.There is _ time left.(2009.福建)A.a littleB.littleC.few（）3.Ann Li looks _.(2010.武汉)A.worryB.worryingC.worriedD.worries（）4.It is _ to work out the problem.You neednt go to the teacher.(2010.成都)A.enough easyB.easily enoughC.easy enoughD.very easi

14、ly（）5.As the 2010 Asian Games get closer,Guangzhou is becoming_than ever.(广东)A.beautifulB.most beautifulC.more beautifulD.almost beautiful（）6.-The cake looks_.(2009.广东)-Yes,and it tastes even _.A.well;goodB.nice;betterC.good;worseD.better;best（）7.-What do you think of the cake?(2008.湖南)-I like it ve

15、ry much.It tastes _.A.goodB.terribleC.well（）8.Write _ and try not to make any mistakes.(2008.广东)A.as careful as possibleB.as carefully as you canC.most carefulD.more careful（）9.Queshi Bridge is the second _bridge in Shantou.(2008.广东)A.largeB.longC.longerD.longest（）10.It takes more time to go there b

16、y ship than by bus.Its _ by train of the three.(2008.广东)A.fasterB.the fastestC.fastD.much fast（）11.He got up _ late that he was late for school.(2008.广东)4A.becauseB.soC.yetD.however（）12.-How about the dishes?(2009.江西)-Fantastic!Nothing tastes _.A.niceB.betterC.terribleD.worse（）13.-Was Henry late for

17、 the concert yesterday?(2008.湖南)-No.He got there even ten minutes _ than us two.A.earlierB.earliestC.laterD.latest（）14.Were happy that our country has developed _ these years than before.(重庆)A.quicklyB.less quicklyC.more quicklyD.most quickly（）15.-_ can you be ready,Andy?(2009.河北)-In ten minutes.A.H

18、ow muchB.How oftenC.How longD.How soon（）16.Of the two T-shirts,Id choose the _ one to save some money for a book.A.cheapestB.cheaperC.more expensiveD.most expensive（）17.Now the air in our city is _ than it used to be.Something must be done to stopit.(2009.兰州)A.very goodB.much betterC.rather badD.eve

19、n worse（）18.-Its very _ of you to work out the problem for me.(2009.贵州)-Thats all right.A.kindB.cleverC.necessary（）19.The match was really fantastic,_ when Smith scored in the last minute.A.probablyB.exactlyC.especiallyD.mostly（）20.Believe yourself!You are _ to decide how to do it by yourself.(2009.

20、绥化)A.enough oldB.old enoughC.young enough备考实战演练备考实战演练在初中阶段，同学们除了要掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成与用法外，还要掌握形容词的位置。以下是精心为大家准备的 20 道练习。（）1.The boy is _ than his brother.A.two year olderB.two years elderC.two-year olderD.two-year elder（）2.On the moon,things arent_ they are on the earth.A.so heavy asB.as heavier asC.

21、as heavy thanD.heavy than（）3.The film is _,but the old arent _ in it.A.interesting;interestedB.interested;interestingC.interesting;interestingD.interested;interested（）4.Father is _ to go to work.A.good enoughB.enough goodC.well enoughD.enough well（）5.Is there_ in this book?A.something interestingB.i

22、nteresting somethingC.anything interestingD.interesting anything（）6.Lu Xun is one of _ in China.A.best writersB.the best writerC.best writerD.the best writers（）7.He feels _ today than yesterday.A.tiredB.more tiredC.more tirederD.much tired（）8.Which do you like _,coffee,tea or milk?5A.the worstB.wors

23、tC.the worseD.bad（）9.The earth is _ the moon.A.as 49 times big asB.49 times as bigger asC.49 times as big asD.as big as 49 times（）10.The book is _ of the two.A.thinnerB.the thinnerC.more thinnerD.the thinnest（）11.The garden is becoming _.A.more beautiful and moreB.more beautiful and beautifulC.more

24、and more beautifulD.more beautiful and beautifuler（）12.If you dont go there,I wont go there_.A.alsoB.tooC.eitherD.neither（）13.Lots of visitors come to Nanjing because she is _city.A.so a beautifulB.very a beautifulC.such beautifulD.quite a beautiful（）14.The old man lives _,but he doesnt feel _.A.alo

25、ne;aloneB.alone;lonelyC.lonely;lonelyD.lonely;alone（）15.The question is _more difficult than that one.A.ratherB.quiteC.veryD.a little（）16.The doctor told Mary to eat _ vegetables and _ meat because she wasgetting fatter and fatter.A.much;littleB.more;lessC.many;fewD.more;fewer（）17.I dont think Engli

26、sh is a language _ as French.A.difficult asB.as difficultC.more difficultD.difficult（）18.200,000 dollars is a large amount of money,but its _than we need.A.the mostB.far lessC.very muchD.very little（）19.Shanghai is larger than _ in Japan.A.any cityB.any other cityC.all the other citiesD.other cities（）20.Most of my classmates dont like to talk with their parents,but I am _them.Ilike to talk to my parents.A.different toB.pleased withC.the same asD.different from