_Unit5同步讲义语法篇八年级上册英语.docx

《_Unit5同步讲义语法篇八年级上册英语.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《_Unit5同步讲义语法篇八年级上册英语.docx（17页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、1. 学习现在完成时：语法意义、概念、句型转换2. 掌握现在完成时的常见副词用法及其区别提问学生：1. When did you start to learn English?2. What are you doing now?引导学生回顾完一般过去时、现在进行时后，进一步引出：How long have you learnt English?语法学习现在完成时掌握完成时的基本结构、语法意义already/yet/ever/never 等副词的用法13一. 用法：现在完成时（1） 动作发生在过去，强调对现在的影响。常被 just、already、yet 等副词修饰。与一般过去时的区别：现在完成

2、时：强调对现在的影响一般过去时：强调过去试比较：I have lost my new book. 我把新书丢了。（现在还未找到）I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新书丢了。（昨天丢的，现在找到与否没说明）-Have you had lunch yet? 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？-Yes, I have. Ive just had it. 我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了）（2） 动作发生在过去，延续到现在，以后还可能持续下去。通常和带有 since和 for 等表示一段时间的状语。He has been in the army（军队） for ten years. I

3、 have studied English since 1980.（3） 表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，表示次数：一次 once; 二次: twice, 三次：three times, ever, never 等时间状语。如：I have been to Beijing twice.I have been to Shanghai twice.She has watched this film three times.I have never seen more beautiful girl than she.二. 构成：(1) 肯定句：主语+have

4、/ has done（过去分词） He has finished his homework.(2) 否定句：主语+have/has not done have not=haventhas not=hasnt He hasnt finished his homework.(3) 一般疑问句：Have/ Has+主语+done?肯定回答：Yes,主语+have/has. 否定回答：No,主+have/has not.-Has he finished his homework?-Yes,he has./No,he hasnt. (4)常用的时间状语有：already已经，肯定句的中间和末尾处He h

5、as already finished his homework.never从不，句子的中间处He has never been to Shanghai.ever曾经,疑问句和肯定句的中间处He has ever been to Beijing.just刚刚，句子的中间处He has just been to Beijing.yet已经，疑问句、否定句的末尾处He has not been to Beijing yet.A. already 和 yet 区别:I have already finished my homework.already 用在肯定句，位于句中，表示 “已经”。Have

6、you finished your homework yet?yet 用在否定句和疑问句中，位于句末，表示“仍然，还，已经”。B. for 与 since 区别:for +时间段、since+ 时间点I have lived in Changchun for two years. I have been here since 7 oclock.三. have been in, have been to 与 have gone to 的用法区别1. have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用， 如：since, for, how long 等。例如：

7、Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。此外还有这些搭配： have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farm/abroad2. have(has)been to 表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与 just, ever, never 等连用，例如：I have just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。Have yo

8、u ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾经去过杭州吗？3. have(has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。例如：Where is Tom?-He has gone to the bookshop.四注意现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与 for 和 since 引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。（就是说：有 for 或 since 的句子里， 一定不能是非延续性代词，必须是延续性动词）。例如：borrow keep, buy have, begin

9、/start be on, die be dead,join be in/be a member of， come/arrive be here/in, come/get back be back, go/leave be away(from), marry be married(to)规则动词过去分词的构成规律注意：在不规律之间中也有一些规则可循例如：原形中的元音字母有变化：B. 原形中的辅音字母有变化：C. 在原形后面加 t 或 d：D. 原形中的元音字母和辅音字母都有变化：E. 与原形相同：F. 还有些不规则动词的过去分词和过去式不相同，为便于记忆，也分类如下：begin-began-b

10、eguneat-ate-eatenbe-was/were-beenforget-forgot-forgottentake-took-takensee-saw-seengive-gave -givenbreak-broke-brokencome-came-comerun-ran-runA group of British students from Woodpark School in London are visiting Xinhua Junior High School in Beijing on an educational exchange.“I was very nervous at

11、 first,” says Sarah. “However, my host family are really friendly. Im glad to be a guest in their home. I have learnt to use chopsticks, and theyre teaching me a little Chinese!”The students spend the weekdays studying with Chinese students. At the weekend, they tour around Beijing and visit places

12、of interest with their host families.“Its been a fantastic experience so far,” says Eric. “Ive learnt a bit of tai chi, and I really enjoy it. Weve already learnt a lot about Chinese culture and history. The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well. Weve also tried to paint some pictu

13、res ourselves! I havent had much success yet, but Ill keep trying.”“Ive made many new friends,” says Sarah. “I plan to keep in touch with them when I return home. Well see one another soon because theyll come over to the UK for the second part of the exchange next month. I cant wait!”Question:1. Wha

14、t school do British students come from?2. What do they do at the weekend?美中文化交流中心(ACCEC)暑假将组织学生来华学习、交流，现正在中国招募志愿者，帮助他们学习中文。假如你是杨帆中学的学生李平，请按要求给该项目负责人 Mr.Miller 写一峰申请信。内容包括：1.申请担任志愿者；2. 说明自己乐于助人、擅长中文；3. 谈谈学好中文的方法；4.Dear Mr.Miller,Im Li Ping from Yangfan Middle School.Thank you for your consideration.

15、Yours trulyLi Ping单词volunteer,improve,culture词组be good atbe interested in,句型Im from.I want to be.I have many good ways to.参考范文一、单项选择。1. -Ive got the final Harry Potter book.-You will love it. Iit twice already.A. am readingB. have readC. was readingD. will re ad2. -Who will teachoral English next te

16、rm? Can it be a new teacher?-Perhaps. But our head teacher hasnt told us.A. your; alreadyB. you; yetC. you; alreadyD. your; yet3. Miss Lina lot of work for the poor area since 2010.A. doesB. didC. has doneD. will do4. My aunt is a writer. Shemore than ten books since 1980.A. writesB. wroteC. has wri

17、ttenD. will write5. -you everthis song?-Yes, I have. It is very wonderful.A. Did; hearB. Do; hearC. Have; hearD. Have; heard6. I really enjoy the noodles and vegetables.Theydelicious.A. stayB. feelC. tasteD. sound7. The workers will build a new railroadthe two cities,A. sinceB. betweenC. asD. during

18、8. the morning of September 8th, many visitors arrivedthe train station for a tour.A. In; atB. on; toC. in; inD; on; at9. I traveled to London last year and it was a wonderfulfor me.A. dreamB. reportC. experienceD. interview10. My pen-friend in America invited me tohis country.A. come over toB. say

19、goodbye toC. keep in touch withD. look forward to二、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。1. 你可以把我介绍给你的同学吗？Could youmeyour classmates?2. 他成功的秘诀是什么？Whats the secret of his?3. 我们应该尊重我们身边的人。We shouldthe people around us.4. 那个中国女孩去年到法国去学习法语了。The Chinese girl France to learn French last year.5. 我们提前一个小时到达机场。We the airport one hour ahead.语法学习现在完成时掌握完成时的基本结构、语法意义already/yet/ever/never 等副词的用法学生易错点整理：17