2019高考英语一轮基础步练Unit2Heroes含解析北师大版必修1.doc

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1、Unit 2 Heroes李仕才【阅读理解】 Sometimes, you just cant help it. Maybe youre watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, theres a lump in your throat, your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks. A professor of psychology at Tilburg Univers

2、ity, in the Netherlands,has studied crying.According to Vingerhoets, therere three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the world.Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally, therere

3、 emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets. Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. “Humans are very complex social creatures,” says Lauren Bylsma, a professor from Pittsburgh Unive

4、rsity, in Pennsylvania. “It seems that tears can make them get help and support from others.” She says another reason why we weep is that humans have the longest developmental period of almost any animal. It takes a long time to grow up. Vingerhoets agrees. “I think that the reason why humans shed(流

5、出)emotional tears has to do with our prolonged(延长的) childhood,” he says. “Thats the time when were still dependent on adults for love,protection and care. The major advantage of tears is that you can target them at a specific person.” Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehist

6、oric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Loud crying could attract predators(捕食者). Tears were a safer way to get attention. “In this case, its better to use a silent signal to ask for help,” he says. Vingerhoets and Bylsma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry.1

7、.The tears mentioned in Paragraph 1 should belong to _.A.basal tearsB.reflex tearsC.happy tearsD.emotional tears2.What is Vingerhoets attitude to the effects of tears?A.Passive.B.Positive.C.Doubtful.D.Indifferent.3.The underlined phrase of “a silent signal” probably refers to _.A.a written languageB

8、.predatorsC.tearsD.loud crying4.What is the best title of the text?A.Types of TearsB.Precious TearsC.Secrets of TearsD.On Tears参考答案： 1.D; 2.B; 3.C; 4.C解析： 1.推理判断题。根据第二段Finally, therere emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets.可推断出,第一段提到的泪水属于emotiona

9、l tears。2.态度判断题。根据倒数第二段可知其实文中这两位科学都认为泪水有好处,即积极看待眼泪。3.词义猜测题。根据文中划线前Tears were a safer way to get attention.的叙述可知,在这种情况下(在史前时期人类大声哭泣会引来危险的动物),最好用这种“无声的信号”来寻求帮助。因此这种无声的信号就是前面所指的“眼泪”。4.标题归纳题。文章从科学研究的角度对眼泪的种类、哭的原因等做了科学的分析,揭示了眼泪不为人知的秘密。故该项用作文章的标题最佳。 完形填空(2017广东六校联考) Id got a chance to work for two weeks a

10、t BBC Radio Leeds.I was shocked for _1_ a long time.I couldnt believe it.It was months since Id _2_ my application letter.Id _3_ that I was one of the _4_ applicants applying for work experience.A few days later，I walked around the building for the first time，totally with _5_It wasnt the beautiful s

11、tudios but the news team that _6_ me most.Before my BBC placement(实习工作)，Id worked _7_ at a local commercial radio.Things there were always in a mess.This was absolutely not the _8_ here.The highlight of my two weeks there is that feeling of _9_ that the whole team unites and devotes their _10_All th

12、at hard work was worth it: you had _11_ listeners，insightful(有见解的) interviewees，and all this added to the _12_ of the show.Sure，there were tough moments but if you _13_ then itll all work out in the end.I _14_ plenty of actual work.Researching topics，booking guests，and meeting guests were all things

13、 I spent a lot of time doing，but that _15_ was not definitely complete and I also _16_ a lead story for the breakfast show，too.Im going back to study the final year of my broadcast journalism degree at the University of Leeds soon，but in my mind therell be that _17_ of unemployment.Obviously my _18_

14、 career is dependent on what opportunities will be in store for me，but _19_ theres one thing Ive learnt，its this: I want to work somewhere with a team of people as friendly and fantastic as the _20_ at BBC Radio Leeds.【解题导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己在BBC实习的经历及感受。1.A.just ByetCeven DneverC解析：根据空前的 “shocked” 和

15、下文内容可知，作者甚至(even)很长一段时间都处在震惊之中。2A.submitted Bsubscribed Cmentioned DpolishedA解析：根据语境可知，此处表示自作者提交申请信已经数月的时间了。 submit “呈交，递交”， 符合语境。3A.assumed BrememberedCconfirmed DadmittedA解析：依据上文的 “I couldnt believe it.” 可知，此处指作者认为自己是未被录用的不幸的申请人之一。assume “假定，认为”， 符合语境。4A.excellent Bfortunate Cunlucky DavailableC解析

16、：参见上题解析。5A.confidence BrespectCconcern DhesitationB解析：根据语境可知，此处表示作者第一次环绕着(该公司的)大楼散步时心中充满了敬意。6A.satisfied Btroubled Cimpressed DmovedC解析：根据前文中的 “It wasnt the beautiful studios but the news team that” 和后文的内容可知，此处表示最让作者印象深刻(impressed)的并不是美丽的演播室而是新闻团队。7A.faithfully Bsteadily Cformally DtemporarilyD解析：在此

17、之前，作者曾经短暂地(temporarily)在一个当地的商业广播电台工作过。8A.standard Bmethod Ccase DruleC解析：依据前面的 “Things there were always in a mess.” 和下文作者对BBC团队的肯定可知，在BBC，情况绝对不是这样的。not the case是一个固定表达，表示 “情况不是这样的”。 9.A.pride Bchallenge Cadventure DfreedomA解析：依据句中的 “The highlight of my two weeks” 可知，此处是作者对这里的员工的赞誉，故选pride。 10.A.ef

18、forts Bvalues Cpersonalities DlivesA解析：根据语境及前文的 “unites and devotes their” 可知，此处指整个团队团结努力。effort “努力” ，符合语境。 11.A.stable BenthusiasticCtalented DhumorousB解析：根据后文中的 “insightful(有见解的)interviewees” 可知，此处表示有热情的听众和有见解的受访者。12A.creativity Bdiversity Cpopularity DsecurityC解析：所有这些使这个节目很受欢迎。popularity “流行，受欢迎

19、”， 符合语境。13A.promise Badapt Csucceed DpersistD解析：上文的 “tough moments” 和下文的 “itll all work out in the end” 说明，此处表示只要坚持下去，最终困难都能够得到解决。persist “坚持”， 符合语境。14A.introduced BundertookCmonitoredDguidedB解析：由后文的 “plenty of actual work” 可知此处应选undertook，表示作者承担了很多工作。15A.list BdescriptionCsituation DresponsibilityA

20、解析：根据上文的 “Researching topics，booking guests，and meeting guests” 可知，此处表示当然这个清单(list)并不是完整的，并不是作者所有的工作内容。16A.made up Bworked onCtook in Dpicked outB解析：根据语境可知，此处表示作者也从事过头条新闻的工作。work on “从事于”，符合语境。17A.inspiration BeffectCcause DthreatD解析：依据后文中的 “unemployment” 可知，这里指作者很快就要重返学校了，但是作者心中依然受到失业的威胁。threat “威胁

21、，恐吓”， 符合语境。18A.chief BtypicalCfuture DidealC解析：根据上文可知，作者现在还是一个在校学生，因此这里指作者未来的工作。故选future。19A.when BsinceCthough DifD解析：但是如果有一件事是作者学习到的，那就是这件事根据语境可知，此处要用if “如果” 引导条件状语从句。20A.journalists Bvolunteers Cgraduates DactorsA解析：根据语境可知，此处指作者想和像BBC的新闻工作者(journalists)一样友好和优秀的团队共事。 语法填空(2017河北衡水中学一模) In China，th

22、e history of people planting and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7，000 years.As early as the Shang Dynasty，bamboo was being used in ancient peoples daily lives.It was used for food，clothing，housing，transportation，1._(music) instruments and even weapons. The 2._(apply) of bamboo in science an

23、d technology is thrilling.In 251 BC，Li Bing，in Sichuan，3._ (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs，the first irrigation network in the world，in which bamboo played 4._ important role.The worlds oldest water pipe was also 5._ (make) of bamboo.During the Han Dynasty，the people in Sichuan

24、 6._(success) sank a 1，600metredeep well with thick bamboo ropes.This technology did not spread to Europe 7._ the 19th century，and it was by using the technology 8._ the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859. In Chinese culture，bamboo is wellknown as 9._ of the “four gentlemen

25、” in plants.To many distinguished men，bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty.It is always closely related to people of positive spirits.Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging people to hold on when 10._(face) tough situations.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了竹子在中国的广泛应用及竹子所代表的含义。 1.musical解析：考查词性转换。根据词法知识可

26、知，名词 “instruments” 前面应用music的形容词形式来修饰，表示 “乐器”。故填musical。2application解析：考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，该空在句中充当主语，应用apply的名词形式application，表示竹子在科学和技术方面的运用。故填application。3led解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语 “In 251 BC” 可知，此处叙述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时； 且lead与其主语 “Li Bing” 之间是主谓关系。故填led。4an解析：考查冠词。play a/an.role in为固定短语，意为 “在方面起作用”； 由于import

27、ant的发音是以元音音素开头的，故用不定冠词an。故填an。5made解析：考查动词的语态。be made of为固定短语，意为 “由制成”； 此处表示世界上最古老的水管也是由竹子制成的，符合语境。故填made。6successfully解析：考查词性转换。此处应用success的副词形式修饰动词 “sank”。故填successfully。7until解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，这个技术直到19世纪才传播到欧洲。not.until.意为 “直到才”，符合语境。故填until。8that解析：考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，本句为 “It is/was被强调部分that.” 这一强调句结构，

28、故此处应用that，强调方式状语 “by using the technology”。故填that。9one解析：考查代词。根据常识可知，在中国文化中，竹子是植物中的 “四君子” 之一。one of意为 “之一”，符合语境。故填one。10facing解析：考查省略。分析句子结构可知，在when引导的时间状语从句中，face与其逻辑主语 “people” 之间为主动关系，故此处应用face的现在分词形式，另外从句中还省略了主语people和be动词are。故填facing。、七选五My father used to be an amateur wrestler and national cha

29、mpion.He was forced by his father to give up the sport in order to obtain gainful employment，which meant he wouldnt be able to win a medal for our country.Therefore，he made a vow that his unborn son would realize his unfinished dream. _1_ He was about to give up hope when one day，my younger sister B

30、abita and I beat up two boys accidentally in response to critical comments.My dad found our potential to become wrestlers and began coaching us. _2_ We were required to do physical training early in the morning and have short haircuts to avoid lice._3_ We complained about him all the time.Gradually,

31、 I realized that he wanted us to have a good future and not grow up to be ordinary housewives.Motivated，we willingly participated in his coaching.With great efforts，he made us competitive wrestlers and I won junior and senior championships，providing me with a chance to gain training in the National

32、Sports Academy，where pride and agony fulfilled my mind._4_ As a result，I found myself losing every match at the international level.After that，I turned to him for help.Then he coached me patiently.Despite difficulty，I finally became the first Indian female wrestler to qualify for the Olympics，inspir

33、ing dozens of Indian women to take to wrestling.Even now，Papas words are still in my mind“Geeta，think about all the girls who are thought to be inferior to boys，girls who are forced to do chores，girls who are married and have children.Not only will you compete with other countries，but also with thos

34、e who look down upon women！”I will never forget about Fathers instruction._5_ ABut his methods were cruel.BI almost abandoned what Papa had taught me.CDisappointingly，my mother gave birth to all girls.DMy sister and I tried to escape.EI will always owe all success to him.FAt first，my sister and I di

35、d not understand our father.GHowever，my mother didnt agree with him.【解题导语】“我”的爸爸曾经是业余的摔跤运动员和全国冠军，但被迫放弃了摔跤，他把所有的希望寄托在未出生的儿子身上，但是“我”的妈妈生的都是女孩。一天爸爸发现了“我”和妹妹身上的摔跤天赋，并开始对我们进行严格训练，最终“我”成为印度第一位取得参加奥运会资格的女子摔跤运动员。1C根据空处前一句“Therefore，he made a vow that his unborn son would realize his unfinished dream”可知，他要让他

36、未出生的儿子实现他未完成的梦；结合第二段第一句“He was about to give up hope when one ments”可知，他几乎放弃了希望；据此可以判断，“我”的妈妈生的都是女孩，所以父亲很失望，故C项符合语境。2A根据空处后一句“We were required to do physical training early in the morning and have short haircuts to avoid lice”可知，我们在清晨便要参加训练，必须剪成短发；据此可以判断，父亲的训练方法很残酷，故A项符合语境。3F本段讲述了我们对于爸爸残酷的训练方式从不情愿到接

37、受的心态的变化；根据空处后一句“We complained about him all the time”可知，我们开始对父亲是抱怨、不理解的。故选F项。4B根据空处后一句“As a result, I found myself losing every match at the international level”和下文中的“After that, I turned to him for help”可知，“我”在国际水平的比赛中总是失败，而上文中讲的却是“我”不断胜利，拿到冠军；由此可知“我”摒弃了爸爸教给“我”的方法，结果在每一场国际水平的比赛中“我”都输了，故选B项。5E本段叙述了爸

38、爸的话，结合空处前一句“I will never forget about Fathers instruction”可知，“我”不会忘记爸爸的教导，并从全文来看，“我”的成功与爸爸是分不开的。故选E项。、短文改错I still remember the first day I come to this new school.Everything was new to me，what made me realize I was no longer a small child.I had to depend on me.Luckily，I made several good friend.Thei

39、r interests were similar with mine.I had great English teacher，Maggie. She let me know the important of English.So I decided to learn English hardly.Although it was very difficult at first，but with the help of my teacher，I made rapidly progress.Just as the old saying goes，“Where there is a will，ther

40、e is a way.”【答案】I still remember the first day I to this new school.Everything was new to me， made me realize I was no longer a small child.I had to depend on .Luckily，I made several good .Their interests were similar mine.I had great English teacher，Maggie.She let me know the of English.So I decide

41、d to learn English .Although it was very difficult at first， with the help of my teacher，I made progress.Just as the old saying goes，“Where there is a will，there is a way.”第一处：comecame。考查时态。本句话叙述我第一次来到这所学校的情景，应该用一般过去时。第二处：whatwhich。考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的句子“Everything was new to me

42、”。第三处：memyself。考查代词。句意：我不得不依靠我自己。当主语和宾语指的是同一个人的时候，宾语要用反身代词。第四处：friendfriends。考查名词的数。由前面的several(几个)可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。第五处：withto。考查固定搭配。be similar to.意为“与相似”，为固定搭配。第六处：great前加a。考查冠词。句意：我有一位了不起的英语老师Maggie。此处表泛指，应用不定冠词。第七处：importantimportance。考查名词。句意：她让我认识到英语的重要性。由定冠词the可知，此处应用名词。第八处：hardlyhard。考查副词。句意：因此我决定努力学习英语。hard意为“努力地”，hardly意为“几乎不”。根据句意可知，应用hard。第九处：删除but。考查连词。although意为“尽管”，不与but连用，因此删除but。第十处：rapidlyrapid。考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，因此将rapidly改为rapid。10