2019高考英语一轮基础梳理与练习Unit3Computers含解析新人教版必修2.doc

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1、Unit 3Computers李仕才【短文语法填空】No one loves me more than my parents, especially my father. My father is stout and strong, 1 a severe look on his face and keen expressive eyes. At first sight you may feel him hard 2 ( approach ). In fact he is very kind and considerate. I believe my father is a 3 ( talent

2、 ) man. He is decisive and efficient in doing things. By his own talents and years of efforts, he 4 ( provide ) his family with a good social position and a 5 ( relative ) rich life. Besides, he lives in harmony with others and never quarrels with anyone, so people from all walks of life come to my

3、home, from 6 Ive gained lots of social experiences. But at home he is a strict parent who is hard on me and has high 7 ( expectation ) of me. I can see that my idling away time 8 ( hurt ) him deeply, while if I have done something great and meaningful, such as 19_ ( write ) a book, he will be more e

4、xcited than me. I always remind 10 ( me ) I must go on and on, and never shall I give up halfway.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述父亲是一个结实健壮的人，友好善良，用自己的天赋和努力为家人创造了好的生活，但是父亲对我严格，期待很高。我将不会辜负父亲的厚望，一定努力，决不不半路放弃。1.with 2.to approach 【解析】考查不定式。to approach作状语修饰hard，形容词后不定式作状语，him是不定式的逻辑宾语，用不定式的主动形式表示被动。故填to approach。3.tale

5、nted 【解析】考查形容词。句意：父亲是一个有天赋的人。talented有天赋的修饰man作定语，作定语用形容词。故填talented。4.has provided 【解析】考查动词。句意：用自己的天赋和多年的努力，父亲为全家提供了好的社会地位和相对富裕的生活。根据语境可知，提供这一动作指过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果，用现在完成时。主语是第三人称单数。故填has provided。5.relatively 【解析】考查副词。relatively相对地修饰rich作状语，作状语用副词。故填relatively。6.whom 【解析】考查定语从句。from _6_ Ive gained lot

6、s of social experiences作定语修饰all walks of life，作介词宾语，指人，用关系代词whom。故填whom。7.expectations 8.hurts 【解析】考查动词。句意：我明白我虚度的时间深深伤害了他。讲述现在的事情，且主语是第三人称单数。故填hurts。9.writing 【解析】考查词性转化。 such as诸如，as是介词，介词后跟动名词作宾语。故填writing。10.myself 【解析】考查代词。句意：我总是提醒我自己我必须一直向前，绝不半路放弃。主语和宾语指同一事物，作宾语用翻身代词。故填myself。一高考单词识记思考运用1核心词汇t

7、ype n类型 vt. & vi.打字signal vi. & vt.发信号 n信号goal n目标；目的；球门；进球；得分solve vt.解决；解答explore vt. & vi.探索；探测；探究 explorer n探险家；勘探者 exploration n探索calculate vt.计算 calculator n计算器simplify vt.简化 simple adj.简单的 simply adv.简直；只；不过arise vi.出现，发生 rise vi.上升；升起 raise vt.升起；提高；种植；饲养2常考词汇character n性格；特点anyhow adv.也作 an

8、yway无论如何；即使如此download vt.下载total adj.总的；整个的n总数；合计totally adv.完全地；整个地personal adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的personally adv.就个人而言；亲自personality n个性；人格reality n真实；事实；现实real adj.真实的appearance n外观；外貌；出现appear v出现application n应用；用途；申请apply v运用；涉及；申请applicant n申请人；求职人intelligence n智力；聪明；智能intelligent adj.智能的；聪明的用所给单词的适当形

9、式填空1A Toronto man is offering a free roundtheworld air ticket to the right woman.But restrictions _apply(applicant)You must be named Elizabeth Gallahgher and have a Canadian passport.(2017全国卷)2We were respectful of craft (技艺) and focused on digging into the characters (character) we were going to pl

10、ay.(2017全国卷)3But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality (real)(2017全国卷)4In study after study，it appears (appear) that these chemical conversations help the neighbors.(2017全国卷)5While high school does not generally encourage students to_explore (explore)

11、new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration.(2017全国卷)6To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence (intelligent) and help us understand and adjust our emotions.(2016江苏卷)7Vaillants team obtained their findings by measuring the mens problem solving (solve)ability.(2016天津卷)

12、8Smartphones make it easier and more convenient to check reality (real), watch video clips, read weibo.(2016江苏卷)9I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally (total) unknown, hard, but interesting.(2016天津卷)10Risktakers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring (explore)(2016北京卷

13、)“不管怎样，无论如何”家族anyhowanywayhoweverin any case含ology的必备名词小结technology科技biology生物学ecology生态学archeology考古学psychology心理学sociology社会学physiology生理学geology地理/质学含ify的必备动词集锦beautify美化clarify澄清classify分类simplify简化terrify使人感到恐怖modify修改，修饰electrify使电气化horrify使恐惧词形相近词对比记signal n信号sign n迹象，符号sigh v叹息single adj.单个的

14、，单身的sight n视力，情景ic后缀形容词面面观scientific科学的enthusiastic热情的energetic精力充沛的dramatic戏剧(性)的sympathetic同情的romantic浪漫的【完形填空】When Lisa Welch，from Jimboomba，Queensland，was struggling with what to gift her son for his upcoming 10th birthday，she was beaten.Her little boy Jorge has a _1_， who，born with Corticol Dys

15、plasia，is unable to speak and his brain _2_ as an 18 months old.Lisa had noticed that during the drive to school each weekday morning，Jorge almost jumped out of his seat _3_ every time they passed a big truck.This was what gave her the idea to put a post on the local Facebook Sell It page, _4_ a per

16、son with a truck to visit their home for an hour and _5_ take Jorge for a ride.Within minutes，Melissa Whelan，whose husband Tom drives a big truck，_6_ to be online and contacted(联系)Lisa, Jorges birthday _7_ had been organized.But the story doesnt _8_ there.The offers of trucks and time kept pouring i

17、n.It was at this point that Gavin，another trucker，stepped in and _9_.Afterwards，he set up a _10_ page “Jimboomba Jorge” _11_ everyone could keep pace with what was unfolding.The _12_ of the birthday surprise spread，and enthusiasm and local community spirit _13_.Within 5 days，Gavin had organized a co

18、nvoy(车队)of 214 trucks, with _14_ coming from across the country.He spoke with radio stations 4BC about Jorge and the convoy.Channel 9 Australia was contacted and they too made arrangements to be _15_ on the day.Saturday the 15th December _16_ bright and sunny，which turned out the best ever birthday

19、for Jorge.The community also _17_ a total of $1 700 toward Jorges ongoing _18_ costs and _19_ the birthday presents was the donation of a tablet PC from the local Telstra shop.Lisa is excited that this can be used to aid Jorge with his _20_.1A.toy BdisabilityCsituation Dhabit2A.treats BconsidersCfun

20、ctions Ddescribes3A.casually BcalmlyCexcitedly Dviolently4A.asking for Bdepending onCsending for Dbringing up5A.frequently BgraduallyCdeliberately Dpossibly6A.hesitated BhappenedCintended Dpretended7A.surprise BinvitationsCevening Ddance8A.end BbeginCturn Dmean9A.pulled over Bhanded overCtook over D

21、thought over10A.normal BfrequentCusual Dspecial11A.in case Beven ifCas long as Dso that12A.time BplaceCrule Dmessage13A.grew BsankClost Dfell14A.doctors BdriversCclerks Dpatients15A.off BoutCaway Dthere16A.showed BwipedCdawned Dvaried17A.raised BearnedCwasted Dspent18A.general BmedicalCliving Dtrave

22、lling19A.between BatCamong Dagainst20A.decision BcommunicationCdrive Drelationship【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了母亲Lisa为她患病的儿子准备生日惊喜的故事。在很多人的帮助下，她的儿子Jorge度过了一个完美的生日，同时，Jorge还收到了很多生日礼物以及好心人的捐款。1B考查名词辨析。A项意为“玩具”；B项意为“缺陷，障碍”；C项意为“情况”；D项意为“习惯”。根据空格后的“who, born with Corticol Dysplasia, is unable to speak and his brai

23、n _ as an 18 months old”可判断出，Jorge生来身体上就有缺陷。故选B。2C考查动词辨析。A项意为“对待”；B项意为“考虑”；C项意为“正常工作，运转”；D项意为“描述”。根据“is unable to speak”可判断出，Jorge大脑的运转水平大约和18月大的孩子一样。故选C。3C考查副词辨析。A项意为“不经意地”；B项意为“镇静地”；C项意为“兴奋地”；D项意为“强烈地”。根据上文中的“jumped out of his seat”可判断出，此处指Jorge每次看到有大卡车经过时都会从座位上兴奋地跳起来。故选C。4A考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“请求”；B项意为“

24、依赖”；C项意为“派人去请”；D项意为“提出，养育”。根据空格后的“a person with a truck to visit their home for an hour”可判断出，此处指Lisa是想请求一位有卡车的人来她家。故选A。5D考查副词辨析。A项意为“频繁地”；B项意为“逐渐地”；C项意为“故意地”；D项意为“可能，也许”。根据语境可知，Lisa希望如果有可能的话，卡车司机可以载Jorge一程。故选D。6B考查动词辨析。A项意为“犹豫”；B项意为“发生”；C项意为“打算”；D项意为“假装”。此处指丈夫是卡车司机的Melissa Whelan碰巧在线并联系了Lisa。happen

25、to do意为“碰巧发生”。故选B。7A考查名词辨析。A项意为“惊喜”；B项意为“邀请”；C项意为“晚上”；D项意为“舞蹈”。根据第三段第五句中的“the birthday surprise spread”可知，此处指Lisa做这一切是想给儿子一个生日惊喜。故选A。8A考查动词辨析。A项意为“结束”；B项意为“开始”；C项意为“转动”；D项意为“意思是”。根据下文内容可知，这个故事并没有到此结束。故选A。9C考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“靠边停车”；B项意为“移交”；C项意为“接替，接任”；D项意为“仔细考虑”。根据下文中的“he set up a _ page Jimboomba Jorge”

26、可知，另一位卡车司机介入并接替了这件事情。故选C。10D考查形容词辨析。A项意为“正常的”；B项意为“频繁的”；C项意为“通常的”；D项意为“特别的”。根据下文内容可知，这是一张特别的“page”。故选D。11D考查连词短语辨析。A项意为“万一，假使”；B项意为“即使”；C项意为“只要”；D项意为“以便”。此处指Gavin建立一个写有“Jimboomba Jorge”的页面以便每个人都能知道这件事情的进展。空格后面的状语从句表示的是结果，能引导结果状语从句的只有so that。故选D。12D考查名词辨析。A项意为“时间”；B项意为“地点”；C项意为“规则”；D项意为“消息”。根据语境可知，生日

27、惊喜的消息很快就传播开了。故选D。13A考查动词辨析。A项意为“增长”；B项意为“下沉”；C项意为“丢失”；D项意为“落下”。根据下文内容可知，生日惊喜的消息很快就传播开来，热情和当地社区人们的情绪高涨。故选A。14B考查名词辨析。A项意为“医生”；B项意为“司机”；C项意为“职员”；D项意为“病人”。根据上文中的“Gavin had organized a convoy(车队)of 214 trucks”可知，Gavin组织了一个由来自全国各地的司机组成的卡车车队。故选B。15D考查副词辨析。句意为：有人联系了澳大利亚的Channel 9，他们也做出了安排，那天会在那里(进行报道)。故选D。

28、16C考查动词辨析。A项意为“展示”；B项意为“擦”；C项意为“天亮，破晓”；D项意为“变化”。根据“bright and sunny”可判断出，天亮之后才能阳光明媚。故选C。17A考查动词辨析。A项意为“筹集”；B项意为“赚得”；C项意为“浪费”；D项意为“花费”。根据空格后的“a total of $1 700”可知，社区也为Jorge筹集了1 700美元。故选A。18B考查形容词辨析。A项意为“全体的，普遍的”；B项意为“医疗的”；C项意为“活着的”；D项意为“旅行的”。因为Jorge是一个患病的孩子，根据空格前后的“Jorges ongoing”和“costs”可知，这些钱是用来支付J

29、orge的医疗费用的。故选B。19C考查介词辨析。根据语境可知，Jorge的生日礼物很多，among the birthday presents表示“在这些礼物当中”，符合语境。故选C。20B考查名词辨析。A项意为“决定”；B项意为“交流”；C项意为“驾车路程”； D项意为“关系”。根据第一段中的“is unable to speak”和本段中的“a tablet PC from the local Telstra shop”可知，当地的Telstra商店送给Jorge一个平板电脑，Lisa认为这对Jorge的交流会有所帮助。故选B。亮点句积累：The offers of trucks and

30、 time kept pouring in.(第三段第二句)译文：可供使用的卡车和时间段不断涌来。词汇积累：pour v不断涌向organize v组织keep pace with保持同步，并驾齐驱二重点短语识记思考运用动词介词/副词deal with处理；安排；对付watch over看守；监视；照管make up弥补；编造；打扮；构成share. with.与分享provide. for.给提供用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1Authentic fire gear (服装) is_provided_for your warmth as our entertainers take you to

31、 some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.(2017全国卷)2As_a_result,_humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.(2016北京卷)way相关介词短语一览by the way顺便说说by way of经由；当作in a way在某种程度上in no way决不in the way挡道in every way在各方面on the way在途中，接近三佳句选粹在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通背原句学句型练仿写1.I developed

32、very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。before引导时间状语从句，意为“之后才”。差不多用了两个月的时间，我妈妈才学会操作电脑。It took nearly two months before_my_mother_learned_to_be_able_to_operate_computers.2.As time went by, I was

33、 made smaller.随着时间的流逝，我被做得更小了。as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着”。随着技术的发展和生活水平的提高，互联网已进入寻常百姓家。As_technology_develops_and_life_improves,_the Internet has entered the ordinary peoples homes.3.And my memory became so large that even I couldnt believe it!我的存储量变得如此之大，连我自己都不能相信！so.that.引导结果状语从句，意为“如此以至于”。他如此专注于电脑游戏，以至于没有意识

34、到妈妈已经回家。He was so_absorbed_in_computer_games_that he didnt realize his mother had come home.【七选五】Controlling AngerBecoming angry is something beyond the control of people1Becoming angry can do a lot of damages, both mental and physical. However, there are methods for discovering how to control anger

35、 and not suffer later.2The moment you feel there are chances of you becoming angry, get away from those circumstances. In fact, there can be no better a judge than you, for discovering what it is or who it is that makes you become angry, and then at that moment choose to think about something else t

36、hat can lighten your feelings.Keep a check on your breathing.3By controlling the process of breathing, you can actually slow down your anger greatly. You can count till the number three as you breathe in, hold it for 3 seconds and again count till three while breathing out. You have to concentrate o

37、n the count as you do this and repeat for as many times as is required.4For example, if youre experiencing road anger while driving, you can choose to tell yourself that the person who overtook you by a vehicle was in a hurry as a result of some emergency and appreciate the fact that nothing major h

38、ad happened to your car. Repeat this form of self-talk to yourself every time you are in the middle of such an angry situation.Look for a support in other people.5It needs to be clear right at the beginning as to why you are discussing your concerns with that individual. Let the other individual kno

39、w what you want from the other person. After youre done with your part of discussing about the circumstances, chances are that youll feel much better than before.A. Talk to yourself positively.B. Come to a stop as soon as you are angry.C. Try to see the situation in a different light.D. You can also

40、 ask for help from the one you rely on.E. What you can do when you become angry is to breathe deeply.F. In fact, almost all people at one point of time or the other become angry.G. You can imagine going to a place you consider to be calming as well as relaxing.【文章大意】生气伤身，但是每个人不可避免地会生气。如何控制生气呢？本文给出了四

41、项有效措施：生气时停一停；生气时深呼吸；生气时自嘲；寻求别人的帮助等。1.F 【解析】根据下文Becoming angry can do a lot of damages, both mental and physical.可知，生气对精神和身体都有很大坏处，接着讲述了控制生气的方法，因此推断F项“实际上，几乎所有的人都有可能在某一时刻会生气”符合语境。故选F。3.E 【解析】根据段落标题和空格下文By controlling the process of breathing, you can actually slow down your anger greatly.可知，生气时调整呼吸，通过控制呼吸的过程，减慢生气，根据关键词“breathe”可知E项“生气时你可以做深呼吸”符合语境。故选E。4.A 【解析】空格处为段落标题。本段通过一个例子，当你开车路怒的时候，你可以告诉自己超过你的那个人可能有紧急事情感激你的车没有发生什么大事，生气的情况下多重复几遍这个过程。因此推断本段建议生气时积极的自言自语。故选A。5.D 【解析】根据段落标题Look for a support in other people.可知，本段建议生气时寻求别人的支持，support与D项中提到的“help”一样相近，因此推断D项“你可以尝试向你信赖的人寻求帮助”符合语境。故选D。12