2019高考英语一轮基础梳理与练习Unit3Lifeinthefuture含解析新人教版必修5.doc

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1、Unit 3Life in the future李仕才【短文语法填空】Some people live in the world for body while others for dignity.I once 1.(take) a walk along the street on a Saturday dusk,with a Pepsi can in my hand.An old woman in ragged clothes,2. was living on collecting used cans,jars and tins,moved slowly towards me,with a

2、bag on the back!3.(walk)nearer,she looked up at me and then fixed her eyes on my can. At that time,I hadnt finished my cola,so I gave her several coins instead.She stared at me for a few seconds and handed back the money.Quite 4.(confuse),I asked,“Why not?Isnt that 5. you want?”“I am not a 6.(beg),”

3、 she said seriously,word by word.Instantly,I felt so sorry.I had intended 7.(help)her,completely misunderstanding her.Thus I hurt her.What I could do at that moment was only to drink up the cola and handed her 8. emptied can.This time,she gave me a smile with 9.(satisfy)and gratitude in her eyes.The

4、 woman is poor in material life but is so 10.(respect) as a man.I am not only moved but also have learned a good lesson.答案1.took2.who3.Walking4.confused5.what6.beggar7.to help8.the9.satisfaction10.respectable(对应学生用书P118)一高考单词识记思考运用1核心词汇_aspect_ n方面；层面_previous_ adj.在前的；早先的_lack_ vi.& vt.缺乏 n缺乏impres

5、sion n印象；感想；印记 _impress_ v使留下印象_impressive_ adj.给人深刻印象的adjust vt.调整；使适应_adjustment_ n调整；调节instant n瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的 _instantly_ adv.马上2常考词汇greed n_贪欲；贪婪_greedy adj._贪吃的；贪婪的_optimistic adj._乐观(主义)的_pessimistic adj._悲观(主义)的_representative n_代表_adj._典型的_represent v_代表_settlement n_定居；解决_settle v_定居；解决

6、_tolerate vt._容忍；忍受_ecology n_生态；生态学_material n_原料；材料_motivation n_动机_用所给单词的适当形式填空1While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new _aspects_ (aspect) of life，college sets the stage for that exploration.(2017全国卷)2But when he looked to the side, he saw _instantly_ (instant) that

7、 it wasnt a dog at all, but a wolf, quickly catching up with him.(2017浙江卷)3Mr.and Mrs.Brown would like to see their daughter _settled_ (settle) down, get married，and have kids.(2017天津卷)4In order to leave some _impressive_ (impress) memories for all of us before graduation, our class made a special v

8、ideo to express our appreciation of our school.(2017北京卷)5He sensed there was something trying to get out，something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her _lacking_ (lack)(2016江苏卷)6Some schools will have to make _adjustments_ (adjust)in agreement with the national s

9、occer reform.(2015江苏卷)7But I homed in，with _uncertainty_ (uncertain)，on one particular table at the Browns Grove Farms stand，full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.(2015全国卷)8Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong _motivation_ (motivate)is one of the biggest

10、 factors in reaching goals.(2015湖南卷)“早先，以前”家族former adj.过去的，在前的，以前的；formerly adv.以前，从前previous adj.先前的，以前的；previously adv.以前，事先onetime adj.一度的，以前的before adv.先前，从前ago adv.以前ever before以前单复数意义不同的名词集锦good 善行，利益；goods 货物brain 脑髓；brains 脑力，智慧custom 习惯，风俗；customs 海关，关税instruction 教授；传授；instructions 用法说明；操

11、作指南look 脸色，看；looks 容貌pain 痛苦；pains 辛苦，努力sand 沙子；sands 沙滩time 时间；times 时代“ment”为后缀的名词速记appointment n约会；约定；预约argument n争吵；论据arrangement n安排；布置assessment n估计；评估development n发展；开发“观点；态度”的高频形容词positive积极的negative 消极的subjective 主观的objective 客观的neutral 中立的critical 批评的doubtful 怀疑的approving 满意的【完形填空】On Chris

12、tmas Eve，an old man experienced an act of warmth from a local store.The man，who asked not to be identified，was sent home from the emergency room，still not feeling well enough to _1_.The nurses ignored that he was still dizzy and did not feel _2_ behind the wheel.The nurses insisted he was fine and h

13、elped put him in his car.Less than a mile down the road his _3_ started playing tricks on him.He thought _4_ he got something and _5_ for several minutes he would be OK._6_， there was a St.Louis Bread Company store nearby.Then he entered the store and spoke through the window，having very little _7_.

14、At first，the order taker could not understand him.He explained that he just needed a slice of bread，or something light and he only had a couple dollars in _8_.The girl in the window asked him to _9_ while she checked what had been left in the bakery.A few moments later she came back with a large smi

15、le on her face and _10_ in her hand.She _11_ presented a loaf of bread and a fancy chocolate cake to the man and said that they were _12_ her.The man offered up her the _13_ and it was quickly turned down.The employee asked if the man was OK to drive and offered to _14_ a police officer in the dinin

16、g room to follow him home.The man was so _15_ for the generosity of the employee.Not just because she gave him enough bread to help him feel better，but she did it with a(n) _16_.He wasnt looked down upon or _17_ insultingly.The man said it helped him feel better emotionally as well after a _18_ day

17、in the hospital.This story goes to show that one simple loaf of bread can not only _19_ a person for a few meals，but wake the _20_ and help restore the faith in mankind.1A.eat BdriveCsurvive Dwalk2A.peaceful BnervousCcomfortable Dfearful3A.nurse BcoldnessCcar Deyesight4A.though BbeforeCif Dbecause5A

18、.shopped BcookedCchewed Dlooked6A.Fortunately BImmediatelyCSlowly DObviously7A.sleep BgasCcourage Dvoice8A.change BcontrolCshape Dnumber9A.wait BthinkCmove Dlisten10A.package BwineCfood Dcash11A.hesitantly BcheerfullyCregretfully Dcalmly12A.on BinCfor Dwith13A.reward BserviceCgratitude Dmoney14A.req

19、uest BorderCforbid Dpermit15A.anxious BreadyCgrateful Dfrightened16A.ambition BsmileCnod Dwish17A.respected BlovedCtreated Dadmired18A.special BhappyCbusy Dtough19A.feed BsaveCstarve Dattract20A.animals BfamilyCbeggar Dsoul【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一位身体不适的老人在医院受到的粗暴对待和在面包店受到的热情关怀，批评了势利和冷漠的社会现象，赞扬了人性的善良

20、和热情。1B考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“behind the wheel”和“put him in his car”可知，此处指老人还没有恢复到能够自己开车的程度。故选B。2C考查形容词辨析。A项意为“平静的”；B项意为“紧张的”；C项意为“舒服的”；D项意为“害怕的”。根据本句中的“he was still dizzy”可知，他还不舒服，不宜开车。故选C。3D考查名词辨析。A项意为“护士”；B项意为“寒冷”；C项意为“汽车”；D项意为“视力”。根据下文老人认为自己弄点东西吃就没事了可知，他觉得自己可能太饿了，以至于有点眼花。因此，应该是视力在和他开玩笑。故选D。4C考查连词辨析。根据语境可知

21、，此处指他如果能吃点东西就会好了。应用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。5C考查动词辨析。根据前面的“got something”和下文可知，此处指与吃相关的动作。C项意为“咀嚼”，符合语境。故选C。6A考查副词辨析。A项意为“幸运地，幸亏”；B项意为“立刻”；C项意为“慢慢地”；D项意为“明显地”。前一句讲到老人觉得如果能有东西吃可能就没事了，后面说正好附近有家面包店，所以这是幸运的。故选A。7D考查名词辨析。A项意为“睡眠”；B项意为“汽油，煤气”；C项意为“勇气”；D项意为“声音”。根据前文讲到老人感到不适、头昏眼花可知，此处指他没力气说话，所以说话声音很小。故选D。8A考查名词辨析。此处老

22、人解释自己只有几块钱零钱，表示钱不多的意思。change意为“零钱”，符合语境。故选A。9A考查动词辨析。面包店的女孩要看一下店里还有什么可给老人吃，所以她让老人稍等一下。A项意为“等待”，符合语境。故选A。10C考查名词辨析。女孩是去给老人找吃的，所以她回来时应该是手里拿着食物。故选C。11B考查副词辨析。A项意为“犹豫地”；B项意为“开心地”；C项意为“遗憾地”；D项意为“冷静地”。根据上一句中的“with a large smile on her face”可知，女孩找到了食物给老人吃，应会很开心。故选B。12A考查介词辨析。sth.be on sb.意为“某物由某人付账”。此处指女孩说

23、给老人的这些食物由她买单。故选A。13D考查名词辨析。前文讲到女孩要为老人买单，所以此处表示老人要把钱给女孩。故选D。14A考查动词辨析。面包店的女店员察觉到老人身体不适，因此问他能否自己开车，并请求在店里就餐的警官陪他回家。request sb.to do sth.意为“请求某人做某事”，符合语境。故选A。15C考查形容词辨析。A项意为“焦虑的”；B项意为“现成的，情愿的”；C项意为“感谢的”；D项意为“害怕的”。老人非常感激店员的这种慷慨和热情。故选C。16B考查名词辨析。根据语境和上文中的“with a large smile”可知，老人之所以感谢女孩不仅仅是因为她送他吃的，也是因为女孩

24、在做这些事的时候面带笑容。故选B。17C考查动词辨析。根据上文女孩对待老人的态度可知，他没有被瞧不起或被粗暴地对待。故选C。18D考查形容词辨析。根据上文中对老人在医院的经历可知，他受到了护士粗暴的对待，所以在医院的一天是艰难的。tough意为“艰难的，不容易的”，符合语境。故选D。19A考查动词辨析。句意为：这个故事表明一条面包不仅能让人吃好几顿，还能唤醒人们的灵魂，有助于重拾对人性的信心。feed意为“为提供食物”，符合语境。故选A。20D考查名词辨析。句意为：这个故事表明一条面包不仅能让人吃好几顿，还能唤醒人们的灵魂，有助于重拾对人性的信心。soul意为“灵魂，精神”，符合语境。故选D。

25、亮点句积累：This story goes to show that one simple loaf of bread can not only feed a person for a few meals，but wake the soul and help restore the faith in mankind.(最后一段)译文：这个故事表明一条面包不仅能让人吃好几顿，还能唤醒人们的灵魂，有助于人们重拾对人性的信心。词汇积累：identify v认出，同情emergency n紧急情况present v呈现二重点短语识记思考运用1动词副词(介词)sweep _up_ 打扫；横扫slide

26、_into_ 移动；溜进take _up_ 拿起；接受；开始；继续speed _up_ 加速2动词名词介词lose sight _of_ 看不见catch sight _of_ 看见3be形容词介词be similar _to_.与相似be optimistic _about_ 对感到乐观4其他形式be back _on_ ones feet(困境后)恢复；完全复原用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1The instructor kept repeating the word.“_Speed up_！”“Slow down！”(2017全国卷) 2Peter will _take up_ his p

27、ost as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.(2015陕西卷)3Before moving into his new apartment，Peter had it _swept up_.4The boy _slid into_ his bedroom without being seen by his parents.5After his operation，the old man _was back on his feet_ again.6The child _lost sight of_ his mother

28、in the supermarket，worried，crying bitterly.“beadj.about”必备短语荟萃be certain/sure about 确信be disappointed about 对感到失望be mad about 对入迷be nervous about 为感到不安be anxious about 为忧虑be serious about 对认真“beadj.to”必备短语一览be cruel to 对残酷be equal to 等于，能胜任be familiar to 为(某人)所熟悉be harmful to 对有害be polite to 对有礼貌be

29、respectful to 尊敬三佳句选粹在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通背原句学句型练仿写1.Which problems do you think people will have overcome in one thousand years?你认为一千年后人们将会克服哪些问题？特殊疑问词do you think特殊疑问句的其他部分。你认为谁是做这项工作的最佳人选？_Who do you think_ is the best person to do the work？2.Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着

30、了。形容词(短语)作状语。又累又渴，他走进一家茶馆，一个机器人侍者迅速过来招待他。_Tired and thirsty_，he went into a teahouse and a robot waiter quickly came up to serve him.3.Inside was an exhibition of the most uptodate inventions of the 31 st century.太空站里展出了31世纪一些最前沿的发明。完全倒装。坐在前面的是一位老人，他给我们讲述了长征的故事。_Ahead sat the old man_ who told us th

31、e stories about the Long March.4.Well，now theres a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.现在，这里有一种装置，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。where引导定语从句，修饰抽象名词。学生应该参加社区活动，他们从中能获得成长经验。Students should involve themselves in community activities _where they can gain experience_ for growth.【短文改错】B

32、oys and girls，May I have your fully attention, please? I have announcement to make.To welcome our friends in the United States，the Student Union was going to hold a party on Saturday evening，February 20.As never，the party will be held in the lecture hall of the Main Building.They will begin at 7 pm.

33、There will be music，dancing，singing or exchange of gifts.Will everyone please to bring along a small gift for this purpose? Remember to pack it up，sign your name and writing a few words of good wishes.Dont miss the party，where I believe we will have a lot of funs.Everyone is welcome.Thats all.Thank

34、you.【答案】Boys and girls，May I have your attention, please? I have announcement to make.To welcome our friends the United States，the Student Union going to hold a party on Saturday evening，February 20.As ，the party will be held in the lecture hall of the Main Building. will begin at 7 pm.There will be

35、 music，dancing，singing exchange of gifts.Will everyone please bring along a small gift for this purpose? Remember to pack it up，sign your name and a few words of good wishes.Dont miss the party，where I believe we will have a lot of .Everyone is welcome.Thats all.Thank you.第一处：fullyfull。考查形容词。修饰名词要用形

36、容词，故用full。第二处：announcement前加an。考查冠词。announcement表示“通告、公告”时是可数名词，且此处第一次提到，表示泛指，故应加上不定冠词；announcement的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。第三处：infrom。考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示欢迎来自美国的朋友，而不是欢迎在美国的朋友。第四处：wasis。考查时态。这里说的是从现在看将要发生的事情，不能用过去将来时，应用一般将来时。第五处：neverever。考查行文逻辑。此处表示“像之前一样，像往常一样”，故用ever。第六处：TheyIt。考查代词。此处指代前面的the party，故用It。第七处：orand。考查连词。根据句意以及下文提到的让大家准备礼品可知，此处表示并列关系而非选择关系，故用and。第八处：删除bring前的to。考查情态动词。情态动词后应用动词原形，故to多余。第九处：writingwrite。考查固定搭配。此处应用动词原形write与pack，sign并列。第十处：funsfun。考查名词。fun为不可数名词，没有复数形式。10