2012版高考英语 3-2-1精品系列 专题11 名词性从句.doc

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1、2013 3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列专题11 名词性从句【考点定位】 2013考纲解读和近几年考点分布【考点pk】 名师考点透析考点1 主语从句特别提示(1)if不能引导主语从句。(2)形式主语it替代主语从句。常见的it替代主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：AIt+系动词+形容词+that从句。如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。BIt+系动词+名词+that从句。如：It is our hope that the two sides will work towards p

2、eace我们的希望是双方能朝着和平的方向发展。who the letter was from is still unknown这封信是谁寄出的还不清楚。Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize你们当中第一个到达这里的人将获得奖项。3连接副词引导How acupuncture reduces and relieves pain is unclear针灸是如何减轻和解除疼痛的还不清楚。why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery恐龙为什么突然消失了还是个谜。考点2

3、宾语从句特别提示whether/if都意为“是否”。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。(1)与or not紧接连用时。如：Let me knoW whether or not you can come请让我知道你是否能来。(2)作介词的宾语从句时。如：We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。Ive been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting我一直在考虑如何使我们的

4、报纸更用趣。3宾语从句的语序在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。如：He asked me when we could set out the next day他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。Did you find out where she lost her car?你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?4宾语从句的时态She says(that)she has never been to Mount Emei她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)(2)当主句的谓语动词是一般过去式时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。如：He said there were no classes yesterda

5、y afternoon他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)He said that light travels much faster than sound他说光比声音传播得快。特别提示在使用宾语从句时需要注意下面几点：(1)动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。如：I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。I have

6、made it a rule that I keep diaries我每天写日记成了惯例。 (3)介词后的宾语从句。如：She is always thinking of how she can do more for others她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。We are talking about whether we admit students into our club我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。(4)宾语从句的否定转移。将think，believe，suppose，expect，fancy，imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式

7、，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。如：I dont think I know you我想我并不认识你。I dont believe he will come我相信他不回来。考点3、表语从句The question remains whether they will be able to help us问题还是他们能否帮我们。2连接代词和连接副词引导The problem is who will take charge of this shop问题是谁将接管这家店铺。That is when I realized the importance of journalism那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。

8、特别提示考点4 同位语从句同位语从句在句子中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。这些名词常见的有idea，fact，news，hope，belief，thought，doubt，promise，suggestion，order等。1通常用连词that引导同位语从句，that无词义，也不作句子成分，但不能省略。注意从句用陈述句语序。如：They expressed the hope that we would go and visit Shanghai again他们表示希望我们再去访问上海。I have no idea why he was excited at th

9、at time我不知道当时他激动的原因。 考点5 名词性从句需要注意的事项1that的用法。在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中that一般不能够省略；在宾语从句中有时可以省略，一般需要注意下面两点：(1)当that从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：They share little in common except that they are from the same country除了来自同一个国家之外，他们几乎没有共同点。The hope that he may recover is not gone yet他会康复的希望没有消失。(that不充当成分，也无含义)Wht he sa

10、id proved to be true他所说的话证明是正确的。(what作said的宾语，可以翻译为“的话”)3定语从句与同位语从句的区别。定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制；而同位语从句是对从句前面的抽象名词作进一步的说明和解释。如：The news that our team has won the game Was true我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句，补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)The news that he told me yesterday Was true昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句，news在从句中作told的宾语)I made a p

11、romise that if anyone set me free 1 would make him very rich我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富有。(同位语从句，补充说明promise的内容)The mother made a promise that pleased all her children妈妈许下了一个令她的孩子们高兴的诺言。(定语从句，promise在从句中作pleased的主语)【三年高考】 10 、11、12高考试题及其解析2012高考英语试题1.(2012课标卷)24.It is by no means clear the president can do to

12、 end the strike.A. how B. whichC. that D. what2.(2012北京卷) 24. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently.A. why B. how C. that D. whether3.(2012天津卷) 9.It doesnt matter _you turn right or left at the crossing -both roads lead to the park.A. whetherB. how

13、 C. if D. when【答案】A【解析】考查名词性从句。whether引导主语从句。it做形式主语。因为从句的部分是选择性的一般疑问句，所以选择whether。 句意：在十字路口，你是向右拐还是向左拐都没有关系两条路都到公园。4.(2012浙江卷)4.I made a promise to myself _ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.A. whether B. what C. that D. how【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句。“that”引导的同位语从句作“promise”的同位语。句意：

14、我曾经向我自己做出保证：今年，也是我上高中的第一年，就是要与往不同。5.(2012上海卷) 38.Weve only got this small bookcase. Will that do?No, _ _ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.A. who B. that C. what D. which6.(2012重庆卷) 34.Evidence has been found through years of study_ childrens early sleeping problem likely to con

15、tinue when they grow up.A.why B.how C.whether D.that7.(2012安徽卷)27.The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.A. where B. whether C. that D. why【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。本句不缺状语，故不选 A 和 D，但是缺一个表示“是否”的含义的词。C 项 that 在主语

16、从句当中只起连接作用，没有任何含义，不可以选。句意：一般而言，一个人智力的限度出生时就注定的，但是他能否达到这些限度取决于他周围的环境。8.(2012福建卷)35.We promise _attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A. whoB. whomC. whoeverD. whomever【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我们承诺给任何出席晚会的人一个与那个影星合影的机会。句中whoever引导宾语从句（=anyone who引导的定语从句）。9.(2012湖南卷)26. Everyo

17、ne in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _you have lived there for a short or a long time.A. why B. howC. whetherD. when10.(2012江苏卷)27.The notice came around two in the afternoon _the meeting would be postponed.A. whenB. thatC. whetherD. how11.(2012江西卷) 25.It suddenly occurred to him he

18、had left his keys in the office.A. whetherB. whereC. whichD. that【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句。此句是occur to sb.(想到; 想起)的典型句式，是学习occur单词的一个重点方面。It为形式主语，that这里是做主语从句的连接词。句意：他突然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室了。12.(2012辽宁卷)34.The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for he could find about Mark Twain.A. wherever B. ho

19、wever C. whatever D. whichever【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句。介词for后面加的是宾语从句，且从句中find缺少宾语，所以用whatever，选C。句意：这个新来的人前几天去了图书馆，查找他能够找到的有关马克吐温的任何东西。13.(2012山东卷)25. It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.A. howB. whether C. whatD. why14.(2012陕西卷) 20. As many five courses are provided, and you ar

20、e free to choose _ suits you best.A whateverB. whichever C. wheneverD. wherever15.(2012四川卷) 17. Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers.A. when B. how C. that D. whether【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。how引导宾语从句，并在从句中作状语，表示方式。2011高考英语试题1.（2011安徽卷）His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make

21、 out _it is he is trying to express.A thatB howC whoD what2.（2011四川卷）Our teachers always tell us to believes in we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A whyB howC whatD which【答案】C 【解析】考查名词性从句。in介词之后所接的宾语从句中缺少及物动词do的宾语，指事物，故填what。why“为什么”；how“怎么样”；which“哪一个”。3.（2011陕西卷）Id like to start my own bus

22、iness thats Id do if I had the money. AwhyBwhenCwhichDwhat4.（2011辽宁卷）Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach to read first.A whatB whoC howD why【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：20个学生想要去听旨在教授如何快速阅读的课程。根据句子结构可知，“that aims to teach_to read fast”是定语从句，修饰先行词class，在此定语从句中，teach后接的宾语从句中缺少表示方式的连接词，故h

23、ow正确。此处为“连接词+to do”结构。5.（2011江苏卷）It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.AthatBhowCwhenDwhy6.（2011湖南卷）Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _ the problem itself is.A whatB thatC whichD why【答案】A【解析】考查名词性从句。主语从句缺少表语，故用what。句意：在解决问题之前，一定要弄清楚问题是什么。7.（2011北京卷）The shoc

24、king news made me realize terrible problems we would face.A whatB howC thatD why8.（2011北京卷） Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A WhichB WhatC ThatD Whom【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。由句中的IS可知其前面是由what引导的主语从句，且what在从句中作offer的宾语，故答案为B项。9.（2011山东卷）Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, wh

25、ich is_ he never finishes anything.A thatB whenC whereD why【答案】D【解析】考查表语从句。很显然，前文所说的（他是一个空谈家而不是一个实干家）是下文（他一事无成）的原因，由此可知应该选why。10.（2011辽宁卷）When the news came the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army.A sinceB whichC thatD because11.（2011重庆卷）It is not always easy for the public to see _ use

26、a new invention can be of to human life.A whoseB whatC whichD that【答案】B、【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：公众并不总是知道一项新的发明对人类生活有什么用途。此处what表示“什么”，引导宾语从句，what use作介词of的宾语。12.（2011山东卷）Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it.A whereB whatC whetherD which13.（2011江西卷）The villagers have already known _ well

27、do is to rebuild the bridge.A thisB thatC whatD which【答案】C【解析】考察宾语从句和主语从句。句意为：村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥。后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。2010高考英语试题1.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,37)When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know_. A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is ent

28、eringC. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering【答案】B【解析】本题考查宾语从句。which引导的句子做know的宾语，句子用陈述语序。2.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,36)One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. that B. how C. what D. why4.(2010高考英语浙江卷,9)It is uncertain

29、_ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. Athat Bwhat Chow Dwhether【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。此处是由what引导的主语从句，指代It的具体内容，It是形式主语，所以这里选B项。5.(2010高考英语浙江卷,1)How about camping this weekend, just for a change?OK, _ you want. Awhichever Bhowever CwhateverDwhoeve

30、r6.(2010高考英语天津卷,14)As a new graduate, he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here.A. how B. what C. When D. which 【答案】B【解析】考查名词性从句。句意为：“作为新毕业生，他不知道如何才能在这儿开创事业。”宾语从句暗含it takesto do sth句型，因此应用what引导宾语从句并充当从句中的宾语。7.(2010高考英语四川卷,14)How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on _ he go

31、es with，whether his friends or relativesAwhat Bwho Chow Dwhy8.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,38)There is no obvious evidence _ there is life on any other planet in the solar system.Awhich Bthat Chow Dwhere【答案】B【解析】名词性从句。此处是that引导同位语从句对evidenc进行具体的说明。语意：没有明显的证据表明在太阳系能其他行星上有生命存在。据此选B项。9.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,33)Tina was hes

32、itation about the job offer as she did not know _ the company was an established one.Awhether Bwhat Cuntil Dalthough10.(2010高考英语陕西卷,18)It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. A. which B. what C. that D. if【答案】C【解析】考查固定句型。我从来没有想到你能成功地说服他改变主意。It occurs to sb t

33、hat的意思为“某人突然想到”其中that引导主语从句，it为形式主语，指代that从句的具体内容。11.(2010高考英语山东卷,25)Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which12.(2010高考英语辽宁卷,34)Its no use having ideas only . Dont worry. Peter can show you _to turn an idea into an act.A. how

34、B. who C. what D. where【答案】A【解析】句A考查“疑问词+动词不定式”代替名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是”疑问词+动词不定式”代替宾语从句。语意为：Peter可以向你展示如何把点子变为行动。连接词how表示“如何”，合乎语意。13.(2010高考英语江苏卷,35)-I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.-Thats_I dont agree .You should have a more active life.A.where B.how C.when D.wha

35、t14.(2010高考英语湖南卷,35)Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _ she was so angry.A. where B. whether C. that D. why 【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句。该空引导宾语从句，根据句意“办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选D项。15.(2010高考英语福建卷,35)We should respect food and think about the people who dont have _ we have he

36、re and treat food nicely.A. that B. which C. what D. whether【答案】 C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意为：“我们应该尊重食物，考虑那些我们所拥有的东西和认真对待食物的态度。”what引导的宾语从句，且what在宾语从句中作宾语。故选C项。16.(2010高考英语福建卷,29)Teachers recommend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustnt allo

37、w D. couldnt allow17.(2010高考英语大纲全国I卷,33)We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. A. that B. which C. what D. where【答案】 D【解析】考查名词性从句。题干中We havent discussed yet后为宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，因此空白处应填where，故答案为D。18.(2010高考英语北京卷,33) _some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many

38、others.A. Whether B. What C. That D. How19.(2010高考英语北京卷,32)Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.A. what B. that C. why D. whether【答案】 B【解析】考察名词性从句。句意为：“Charles Dickens喜欢他自己的小说David Copperfield，部分原因是因为这很大程度上是他自己

39、生活的一个模式。”分析句子成分可知，“_ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.”是表语从句，在此表语从句中不缺少任何成分，故用that连接。20.(2010高考英语北京卷,31)I want to be liked and loved for _ I am inside.A. who B. where C. what D. how【两年模拟】 11、12高考模拟题及其答案11、12高考模拟题1、（山西省2012届高三年级四校联考试题英语）Blog, a shared online journal where people can post

40、 diary entries about their personal experience and hobbies, _ more and more popular with people of all ages.Ahad become BbecomeCbecoming Dis becoming2、（2012年郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测英语）After five hours drive, they reached _ they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.AthatBwhatCwhichDwhere【答案】B【解析】

41、考查名词性从句。reach 是及物动词，其后为宾语从句，they thought 是插入语，分析从句成分可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，因此用 what。注意：that 引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分。3、（南京市2012届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语）What has made him look like lacking sleep?_ his wife is ill and he has to get up several times a night to attend to her.AForBBecauseCThatDWhat4、（2012南昌模拟）Many young people

42、in the West are expected to leave _ could be lifes most important decision marriage almost entirely up to luck.AasBthatCwhichDwhat5、（2012济南模拟）Tom eagerly finished up _was 1eft of the chicken pie.A whatB thatC whichD where【答案】A【解析】考查名词性从句。语意：Tom急切地吃完了剩余的鸡肉馅饼。what was left of the chicken pie是宾语从句，what

43、在从句中作主语。6、（2011南昌市高三年级第一次模拟考试）The patient 1ooks much better. _is it that has made him _he is today?Perhaps the special medicine and his familys patient care.A What；thatB That；thatC. What；whatD What；which【答案】C【解析】考查强调句和名词性从句。问句的意思是“是什么让他成为今天的状况的呢? ”本句是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，被强调部分是主语，故第一空用what；第二空what在从句中作is的表语

44、。7、（2011河北省衡水市高三上学期教学质量检测）Having arrived at the earthquake-stricken area, we were led to _ the homeless people lived.A whatB in whichC thatD where8、（2011北京市西城区高三第一学期期末考试）Why do you think the film star is getting less popular?I guess the way she wears is_ annoys her fans most.AwhichBwhereChowDwhat【答案】D 【解析】考查名词性从句。what 引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，而且 what 在从句中作主语。语意：我猜她的穿