2018年度高等考试浙江卷英语真命题及答案解析.doc

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1、,2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）英 语第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AIn 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a centurymost experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe i

2、n 1719but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.”Novels, for the most part, were look

3、ed upon as silly, immoral, or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim were h

4、eld up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbe

5、rs game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. Its partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. Its

6、partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a singular writer. But as the 200th anniversa

7、ry of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own cultureto understand how he made himself a lasting one.21. Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A. They were difficult to understand.B. They were popular among the rich.C. They were seen as nearl

8、y worthless.D. They were written mostly by women.22. Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress_.A. his reputation in FranceB. his interest in modern artC. his success in publicationD. his importance in literature23. What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To remember a

9、great writer.B. To introduce an English novel.C. To encourage studies on culture.D. To promote values of the Victorian age.BSteven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that hes an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including thi

10、ngs that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of?Steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags. Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways t

11、hat a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台) . The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like?Stein?to?make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most

12、people assume.Among the bag makers argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers?to?purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy?to?produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly?to?look at, they represent a small percentage of all?garbage?on the ground to

13、day. The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy?to?make. One study found

14、that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.Environmentalists dont dispute（质疑） these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers?to?use the same reusable bags for years.24. What has Steven Stein been hired to do?A. Help inc

15、rease grocery sales.B. Recycle the waste material.C. Stop things falling off trucks.D. Argue for the use of plastic bags.25. What does the word “headwinds”in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Bans on plastic bags.B. Effects of city development.C. Headaches caused by garbage.D. Plastic bags hung in trees.26. W

16、hat is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?A. They are quite expensive.B. Replacing them can be difficult.C. They are less strong than plastic bags.D. Producing them requires more energy.27. What is the best title for the text?A. Plastic, Paper or NeitherB. Industry, Poll

17、ution and EnvironmentC. Recycle or Throw AwayD. Garbage Collection and Waste ControlCAs cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line（装配线） on September 27, 1908. Only elev

18、en cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them. Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of

19、 the last century, the car represented what it meant to be Americangoing forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works pro

20、ject in history. In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with “a chicken in every pot and a car in every garage.” Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial The cars that drove the American Dream have

21、helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990. The problems of excessive（过度的）energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hop

22、es for the best. Friedman points out that the green economy（经济）is a chance to keep American strength. “The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”28. Why is ham

23、burger mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To explain Americans love for travelling by car. B. To show the influence of cars on American culture.C. To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.D. To praise the effectiveness of Americas road system.29. What has the use of cars in America led to? A.

24、Decline of economy. B. Environmental problems.C. A shortage of oil supply. D. A farm-based society.30. What is Friedmans attitude towards Americas future? A. Ambiguous. B. Doubtful. C. Hopeful. D. Tolerant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Moving into a new home in a new

25、neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighborhood . the easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. _31_Perhaps one of the most important things you can do a

26、s a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. _32_ _ By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously,. When going for a walk. Take a

27、small garbage bag. _33_ This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area._34_ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping . Let them know you are there to help in any way th

28、is acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor._35_ _ By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciate.A. In g

29、eneral, keep an eye on their property while they are gone. good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.E. Should you come across waste paper

30、thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.F. People tend to lake pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题

31、纸上将该项涂黑。We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it 36 to have too much?I 37 back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also 38 a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it _39_When I got into college, thin

32、gs _40. I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this _41_ there was no sense of _42_ to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became 43 .Once that happened, I just kept 44 my studying further and further back in my day. Th

33、en I got to the point where I was 45 really late at night to get my work alone.One day I 46 a former classmate of mine who was 47 a lot of money running a sideline(副业).Since his regular job was 48 ,I asked him why he just didnt do his sideline full-time. He said without the job, he would 49 have too

34、 much time and would just do what I did back in 50 .He said that if he 51 the job, he would lose his 52 to work and succeed.So, try 53 your tine with other work. This is why there is a 54 that if you want something done, ask a 55 person to do it.B. fairC. strangeD. possiblemember B. admitC. understa

35、ndD. expect. watched B. loved.C. Coached D. played tB. right away C. of course D. matteredB. repeated C, changed D. mattered B .difficult.C. valuable D. limited B. achievementC .urgency D. direction B. relief C. risk D. habit44. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling45. A. hanging out B. staying

36、 upC. jogging roundD. showing off46. A. met B. helpedC. treatedD. hired47. A. raisingB. wastingC. demandingD. making48. A. safeB. important C. boring D. rewarding. luckily B. hardlyC. hopefully D. simply. childhoodB. collegeC. townD. business. quitB. foundC. acceptedD. kept52. A. heartB. chanceC. dr

37、iveD. way. savingB. filling upC. giving upD. trading54. A. messageB. storyC. sayingD. fact55. A. careful B. busyC. reliableD. kind非选择题部分第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题：每小题分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is

38、 seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out. I still remember 59 (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time. Wh

39、ile regularly eating out seems to 61 (become) common for many young people in recent years, its not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have fo

40、und that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home _65_ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You m

41、ight also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：1. 口语能力：2. 相关经验；3. 应聘目的。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节 读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat

42、 me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.We took a plane to Albuquerque, a big city in the state of New Mexico. We reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon. Uncle Paul, my dads friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.Hi

43、s wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby. Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to have breakfast. The day starts at da

44、wn on my farm, he said. After breakfast, I went to help Aunt Tina feed the chickens. while my dad went with Uncle Paul to take the sheep out to graze(吃草). I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses. They looked really cool. In the afternoon, I asked Uncle Paul if I could take a hose

45、ride, and he said yes, as long as my dad went with me. I wasnt going to take a horse ride by myself anyway. So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses, and headed slowly towards the mountains. Dont be late for supper, Uncle Paul cried, and keep to the track so that you dont get l

46、ost! OK! my dad cried back. After a while Uncle Paul and his fam house were out of sight. It was so peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It looked like a beautiful woven(编织的）blanket spread out upon the ground just for us.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为l50左右；2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语：3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。英语试题参考答案第一部分 听力 第二部分 阅读理解 第三部分 语言运用that shocked become 第四部分 写作（略）