2019高考英语一轮核心考点探究与练习教材复习篇Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote含解析新人教版必修3.doc

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1、Unit 3The Million Pound Bank Note李仕才【短文语法填空】Body and FoodOur body, which has close relations with the food that we eat 1 our daily life, is the most important thing that we own, so our body 2 (need) proper treatment and proper nourishment (营养).The old saying An apple a day keeps the doctor away is n

2、ot as silly as some people think. The body needs fruit 3 vegetables, such as apples, pears, banana, carrots and cabbages, because they contain vitamin C, 4 is very necessary and important to us all. Its clear that a lack of vitamin C can make people ill and weak easily.In order to get enough needed

3、vitamins, many people take extra vitamins in pill form, 5 (believe) that these will make them 6 (health). But a good diet is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins that we need. The body doesnt need or use extra vitamins, so why waste money on them?Nowadays many people are too bu

4、sy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their 7 (stomach), eating something carelessly and 8 (hurried). The list of illnesses 9 (cause)or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening. It is high time we should realize the importance of having a good diet. If not, it is impossi

5、ble for 10 (we) to keep fit and strong.【文章大意】健康的饮食对我们的健康有很大的好处，所以我们一定要注意自己的饮食习惯。1.in 【解析】考查介词。in our daily life在我们的日常生活中。2.needs 【解析】考查谓语动词。本处谈常态的事情，应用一般现在时；结合主语our body应用单数第三人称形式。3.and 【解析】考查并列连词。我们的身体需要水果和蔬菜。and和，连接两个并列成分。4.which 5.beliening 【解析】考查非谓语动词。本处分词作伴随状语，believe与句子主语many people之间为主动关系，应用现

6、在分词形式。6.healthy 【解析】考查形容词。make them healthy使他们健康；形容词作宾补。7. stomachs 【解析】考查名词复数。他们的胃，应用名词复数形式。8. hurriedly 【解析】考查副词。本处与carelessly并列，修饰前面的动词eating。9. caused 【解析】考查非谓语动词。 (cause)or made worse by bad eating habits作名词illness的定语；由于cause与被修饰的名词illnesses之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。10.us 【解析】对于我们来说，介词for后加人称代词的宾格形式。per

7、mit v允许，许可；使有可能n通行证，许可证；执照(1)permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事be permitted to do sth.被允许做某事permit doing sth.允许做某事permit sb.sth.允许某人某事(2)a drivers/driving permit驾驶执照(3)permission n许可，认可，准许with/without ones permission 获取某人同意/没有获得某人同意ask for permission 请求允许give sb.permission to do sth.(permit sb.to do sth.)允

8、许某人做某事(教材原句)Permit me to lead the way，sir.先生，请让我来带路吧。The party will be held in the garden，weather permitting (permit)如果天气好，聚会将在花园举行。You cant take photographs here without permission/being_permitted(permit)未经许可你们不能在此处拍照。(2015天津卷)Students living in buildings that have kitchens are_permitted (permit) t

9、o cook in the kitchen.在没有厨房的楼内，住在楼里的学生可以使用厨房做饭。单句语法填空(2017天津卷)“The change to the road traffic law will_permit (permit) fully automatic driving，”says Dobrindt. spot vt.发现；认出(同recognize)n斑点，污点；地点(1)spotbe spotted with 散布，点缀(2)on the spot 当场；在现场put sb.on the spot 使某人尴尬in a spot 处于困境(教材原句)The next morni

10、ng Id just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。Lets meet at this spot tomorrow.明天我们就在这个地方见面吧。He spotted (spot) a man entering (enter) the spot where a heated discussion was on.他注意到在激烈讨论的现场有个人进来了。account vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有n说明；理由；计算；账目；报道(1)account for说明(

11、原因等)；做出解释；占(比例)(2)(3)(4)give a full account of 对做详细的描述(教材原句)The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand，which accounts for my appearance.事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原因了。On no account should the house be left unlocked.离开住宅时千万要锁门。语境填词Darling，you said you couldnt understand why I wa

12、s so depressed.Last month，I went to the bank，ready to_open (open) a bank account.But taking (take) the low interests into account，I changed my mind.I bought a house with the money I had saved for years.However，on account of the new policy，the price of the house went down sharply.That accounted (acco

13、unt) for my being (be) so disappointed.单句语法填空(2017浙江卷)At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy accounted (account) to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million, or 7.5 percent, with immigrantschildren accounting (account) for an ever larger percentage of births in Italy.【七选五】A

14、garden thats just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 1. But it doesnt happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respec

15、t to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. 2 Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 3 .However, there are a numbe

16、r of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years. Recall(回忆)your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats import

17、ant. 4 how being in those gardens made us feel. If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 5 . Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.A. Know why you gard

18、enB. Find a good place for your own gardenC. Its our experience of the garden that mattersD. Its delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooG. For each of those g

19、ardens, write down the strongest memory you have【语篇解读】本文属于说明文，美丽的花园能给我们带来美好的视觉享受，文章中给出了两个自己建设花园的具体建议。1.F 【解析】考查上下文的衔接。根据文章首句及下文的But it doesnt happen by accident可知，这里是在讲你是否曾去过一个花园但是它不是偶然发生的。故F项You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too符合语境。3.E 【解析】考查上下文的衔接。根据上文的Some people m

20、ay think.和Others are concerned about.可知此处表达的是人们种植花园的不同原因，而E项中的Still others may simply enjoy.与上下文衔接自然，故选E项。4.C 【解析】考查上下文的衔接。根据上文的.but thats not whats important和下文中的how being in those gardens made us feel可知此处讲的应是什么是重要的，故C项符合语境。5.G 【解析】考查上下文的衔接。上文的the gardens of your youth以及下文的your childhood memories与G

21、项中的those gardens和the strongest memory you have相呼应，故选G项。bring up 培养；抚养；提出；呕吐bring about 引起，产生，带来bring in 引进；赚得bring forward 提出bring out 使显出；阐明；出版；生产bring down 使倒下；降低；减少bring.to life 使苏醒过来(教材原句)He was brought up in Hannibal，Missouri，along the Mississippi River.他在密西西比河畔密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。Science and technology

22、 has_brought (bring) about many changes in our lives.科学技术给我们的生活带来了许多变化。I have three parttime jobs，which bring in about14,000 a year.我有3份兼职工作，一年大约能挣14 000英镑。The plan he brought (bring)up has_brought (bring) down the costs of production and brought (bring) in a lot of profit，which brought the company

23、back to life.他提出的方案降低了生产成本，带来了大量利润，使公司恢复了生机。go ahead 前进，进展，先走；(用于祈使句)可以，往下说，请说，请做，开始吧go against 反对；不利于go off 爆炸；离去go over 仔细检查；复习go through 浏览；翻阅；遭受；经历go without 没有也行，将就go wrong 走错路；出毛病go after 追求；设法获得(教材原句)Go right ahead.请问吧。Dont go against your mothers wish.别违背你母亲的心愿。Theres no money for a holiday；

24、well have to go without.没钱去度假了，我们只好将就着不度假了。单句语法填空 (2017全国卷)Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.on the contrary 相反地；正相反；反之by contrary 相反地；与预期相反地contrary to.与相反；违反，对抗quite/just the contrary 恰恰相反to the contrary 与此相反地(置于修饰语之后)(教材原句)On the contrary，in fact.If this is your idea of

25、some kind of joke，I dont think its very funny.事实上，恰恰相反。如果你们认为这是一个笑话，我可不觉得很可笑。Show me some evidence to the contrary.给我一些相反的证据。The rain was heavy but，contrary to our fears，our fields were not flooded.雨很大，但是和我们担心的情况相反，我们的田地没有被淹。【短文改错】Boys and girls，May I have your fully attention, please? I have announ

26、cement to make.To welcome our friends in the United States，the Student Union was going to hold a party on Saturday evening，February 20.As never，the party will be held in the lecture hall of the Main Building.They will begin at 7 pm.There will be music，dancing，singing or exchange of gifts.Will everyo

27、ne please to bring along a small gift for this purpose? Remember to pack it up，sign your name and writing a few words of good wishes.Dont miss the party，where I believe we will have a lot of funs.Everyone is welcome.Thats all.Thank you.【答案】Boys and girls，May I have your attention, please? I have ann

28、ouncement to make.To welcome our friends the United States，the Student Union going to hold a party on Saturday evening，February 20.As ，the party will be held in the lecture hall of the Main Building. will begin at 7 pm.There will be music，dancing，singing exchange of gifts.Will everyone please bring

29、along a small gift for this purpose? Remember to pack it up，sign your name and a few words of good wishes.Dont miss the party，where I believe we will have a lot of .Everyone is welcome.Thats all.Thank you.第一处：fullyfull。考查形容词。修饰名词要用形容词，故用full。第二处：announcement前加an。考查冠词。announcement表示“通告、公告”时是可数名词，且此处第

30、一次提到，表示泛指，故应加上不定冠词；announcement的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。第三处：infrom。考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示欢迎来自美国的朋友，而不是欢迎在美国的朋友。第四处：wasis。考查时态。这里说的是从现在看将要发生的事情，不能用过去将来时，应用一般将来时。第五处：neverever。考查行文逻辑。此处表示“像之前一样，像往常一样”，故用ever。第六处：TheyIt。考查代词。此处指代前面的the party，故用It。第七处：orand。考查连词。根据句意以及下文提到的让大家准备礼品可知，此处表示并列关系而非选择关系，故用and。第八处：删除bring前的t

31、o。考查情态动词。情态动词后应用动词原形，故to多余。第九处：writingwrite。考查固定搭配。此处应用动词原形write与pack，sign并列。第十处：funsfun。考查名词。fun为不可数名词，没有复数形式。Well，towards nightfall I found_myself_carried_out to sea by a strong wind.嗯，傍晚时分我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。此句中使用了“find sb./sth.过去分词”结构，表示“发现被”，carried out 在句中作宾语补足语，表被动。(1)“find oneself宾语补足语”指(不知不觉地)

32、发现自己处于某种情况中，多表示意料之外的情况，可用形容词、介词短语、现在分词及过去分词作宾补。find宾语(2)可用于这种结构的动词还有：see，hear，watch，notice，have等。Peter，who was usually shy，found (find)himself talking (talk) to the girls.彼得通常很害羞，但却发现自己不知不觉已在跟女孩子们说话。After wandering (wander) around，we found ourselves back at the hotel.我们四处漫步后发现自己不知不觉回到了饭店。I found mys

33、elf surrounded (surround) by a group of children full of curiosity.我发现自己被一群充满好奇心的孩子围住了。单句语法填空 (2017全国卷)Lots of people find it hard(hardly) to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock.Indeed，sir，I hope that youll come here whenever_you_like.真的，先生，我希望您想来的时候就来。whenever意为“在任何时候，无论何时”引导

34、让步状语从句，相当于no matter when。(1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。(3)however用作连接副词，相当于no matter how，引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样，无论如何”，具体结构为：however形容词/副词主语谓语。However rich people are，th

35、ey always seem anxious to make more money.无论人们有多富裕，他们似乎总是渴望挣到更多的钱。However great (greatly)the difficulties are，we must complete the task in time.不管困难有多大，我们都必须及时完成任务。Whatever your problems are，you mustnt lose heart.不管遇到什么问题，都不要灰心。(1)no matter疑问词只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。(2)whichever，whatever在句中还可作定语。如：The

36、content is the same，whichever book you choose.不管你选哪一本书，内容都是一样的。【阅读理解】The British are supposed to be famous for laughing at themselves, but even their sense of humor has a limit, as the British retailer Gerald Ratner found out to his cost.When Ratner took over his fathers chain of 140 jewelry shops i

37、n 1984, he introduced a very clear company policy. He decided that his shops should sell down market products at the lowest possible prices. It was a great success. The British public loved his cheap gold earrings and his tasteless silver decorations. By 1991, Ratners company had 2,400 shops and it

38、was worth over 680 million pounds. But in April of that year, Gerald Ratner made a big mistake. At a bit meeting of top British business people, he suited up and explained the secret of his success People say “How can we sell our goods for such a low price?”. He say “Because they are absolute rubbis

39、h.” His audience burst out laughing. But the British newspapers and the British public were not so amused. People feltinsultedand stayed away from Ratners shops.Sales fell and six months after his speech ,Ratners share price had fallen by 42%. The following year, things got worse and Gerald Ratner w

40、as forced to resign. By the end of 1992, he lost his company, his career and his house. Even worse, 25,000 of his employees had lost their jobs. It had been a very expensive joke.1.What are the British noted for according to the passage?A. Their jewelry shops.B. Their love for jewelry.C. Their jokes

41、 about themselves.D. Their harmless humor.2.How did Ratner achieve success in his business?A. He cut down his labor cost.B. He adopted an effective business model.C. He employed a lot of new staff.D. He developed great relations with business VIPs.3.Which of the following can best replace the underl

42、ined word “insulted”?A. Offended.B. Amazed.C. Abused.D. Attracted.4.What does the story of Gerald Ratner suggest?A. Action speaks louder than words.B. What goes around comes around.C.A friend in need is a friend indeed.D.A man may dig his grave with his teeth.【文章大意】本文为记叙文。讲述的是英国零售商Gerald Ratner因为自嘲时说错话而导致失败的故事。2.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话中的“he introduced a very clear company policy.” 和第二句话He decided that his shops should sell down market products at the lowest possible prices. 可知他采用了一种有效的商业模式以最低价销售产品，故选B。3.A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段最后两句话可知人们感到受到了侮辱冒犯，都不去他的商店了，由此可知该词与offended一致，故选A。 11