2019高考英语一轮基础步练Unit12CultureShock含解析北师大版必修4.doc

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1、Unit 12 Culture Shock李仕才【阅读理解】 I was taking the garbage out two nights ago and I recognized a neighbor so I said hi.We started chatting and he began by telling me how his wife passed away in September last year and how they had been together for 63 years.He is now 87. I was delighted to listen to hi

2、s stories about when he lived in Poland, the country that he is from,and how he was a skilled worker that got payment only with food and wine.He continued to tell me very interesting facts about crows he had seen on National Geographic国家地理,and about how happy he is in this neighborhood where he can

3、walk everywhere and doesnt even need a car to get around. We chatted for about 30 minutes and then we began to part ways.On his way back home,he was sure to let me know how I had made his day by chatting with him.He said hes old and just talks to himself every day. During the conversation,he told me

4、 what unit he lives in,in the building and I was so happy about that! I decided to bake a delicious pie and some peanut butter cookies to share with him,and chat with him some more.In the meantime,I want to ask him if he would like me to visit from time to time.Im sure hell love the company and the

5、human interaction. So I wanted to share my story,because not only did I make his day,but also he made mine! It was the highlight of my day,and now I cant wait to surprise him with my food!1.How did the authors neighbor begin his talk with him?A.By telling him how his wife died.B.By telling him why h

6、e left Poland.C.By telling him what his hobbies were.D.By telling him how he got along with his children.2.What made the author overjoyed?A.His neighbours kind characters.B.His neighbours life experiences.C.His neighbours optimistic attitude.D.His neighbours comfortable life style.3.What do you know

7、 about the old man?A.He has been living a hard and difficult life.B.He is too old to support himself on his own.C.It is hard for him to find someone to chat with.D.No one is interested in his stories except the author.4.What is the author going to do to further the relationship with his neighbor?A.D

8、o some housework for him regularly.B.Make food for him.C.Bring him out to eat.D.Invite him to his home.参考答案： 1.A; 2.B; 3.C; 4.B解析： 1.事实判断题。根据第一段:We started chatting and he began by telling me how his wife passed away in September last year. 2.推理判断题。根据第二段的I was delighted to listen to his stories abou

9、t可知,老人的生活经历使得作者很高兴。3.推理判断题。根据第三段的He said hes old and just talks to himself every day可知,平时老人很难找到人倾诉,每天自言自语打发时光。4.细节理解题。根据最后一段的now I cant wait to surprise him with my food可知,作者想亲自为老人制作食品,这自然会加深他们之间的关系。 完形填空Abbaye, a master artist, was ready to retire in 1392.One day，Bartoli, a rich Italian merchant, _

10、1_ him, saying, “Could you _2_ my portrait on my banquet room wall? Its 20 feet tall.”“Im ready to retire，” Abbaye shook his head, “so Im not _3_” But seeing the disappointment in Bartolis eyes, he _4_ his mind, “Well, theres a possibility if you can find it in your _5_ to allow me to explore the _6

11、_ of my abilities.Furthermore, already I can see your _7_， so I insist that while I work your portrait stay _8_ even from you！”“No problem，” Bartoli agreed, though he thought it was _9_， “Anything you wish, but it must look realistic.”Immediately the master artist _10_ a high curtain in front of the

12、 wall, through which Bartoli couldnt see at all.A week passed.“How is it coming？” asked the _11_ Bartoli.“Its coming quite well.You see, a masterpiece _12_ quite a while at least，” Abbaye answered from behind the _13_Another three, four weeks passed and _14_ half a year went by.Bartoli lost his _15_

13、“Today I must see it！” he shouted.Stepping from behind the curtain _16_ surprised by such anger, Abbaye said calmly, “Thats fine.”“You needed only to request it.” And he _17_ aside the 20foot curtain.Bartoli stared at the masterpiece and then his mouth _18_ open.He was obviously so angry that his ey

14、es _19_ red.So what was wrong? Abbaye had drawn to his hearts _20_ for 20 feet tall.Perhaps Bartoli couldnt tolerate his abstract expression, which Picasso would have been proud of.【解题导语】本文为记叙文。绘画大师Abbaye要退休了，富有的Bartoli请他将自己的肖像画画在墙上，Abbaye决定发挥自己最大的能力，尽情地在墙上作画。1A.sent forBthought ofClaughed at Dheard

15、 fromA解析：句意：一天，一个富有的意大利商人Bartoli派人去请他send for派人去请；think of想到；laugh at嘲笑；hear from收到某人的来信。2A.fix BmakeCpaint DrepairC解析：根据空后的my portrait可知，Bartoli请Abbaye将他的肖像画画到(paint)宴会室的墙上。fix确定；make制作；repair修理。3A.possible BsharpCreliable DavailableD解析：根据上文的“Im ready to retire，” Abbaye shook his head可知，Abbaye说自己要退

16、休了，没有空。available“有空的”，符合语境。possible可能的；sharp尖锐的；reliable可靠的。4A.formed BchangedCgot DinsistedB解析：根据下文的Well, theres a possibility可知，他改变了主意(changed his mind)。form形成；get得到；insist坚持。5A.heart BmindCroom DbrainA解析：句意：好吧，如果你发自内心地让我探索自己能力的极限就有可能。in ones heart意为“发自内心”，符合语境。mind思想；room房间；brain大脑。6A.challenges

17、BlimitsCcontrol DconfidenceB解析：根据下文可知Abbaye随心所欲地创作，是为了探索自己能力的极限(limit)。challenge挑战；control控制；confidence自信。7A.figure BportraitCimage DmasterpieceB解析：根据上文的my portrait on my banquet room wall可知，Abbaye已经看过Bartoli的肖像画(portrait)了。figure人物，身材；image画像，雕像；masterpiece杰作。8A.safe BlonelyCprivate DcoolC解析：根据下文的t

18、hrough which Bartoli couldnt see at all可知，Abbaye要求在画肖像画的时候，甚至Bartoli都不能看。stay private意为“保持私密性”，符合语境。safe安全的；lonely孤独的；cool凉爽的，酷的。9A.terrible BcommonCfunny DstrangeD解析：根据上文的I insist that while I work your portrait stay _ even from you可知，Bartoli认为Abbaye的要求有些奇怪(strange)。terrible可怕的；common普通的；funny滑稽的。1

19、0A.brought BdecoratedChung DboughtC解析：根据空后的a high curtain in front of the wall可知，这位绘画大师在墙前面挂(hang)了一个很高的窗帘。bring带来；decorate装饰；buy买。11A.hopeful BanxiousCserious DcarefulA解析：根据上文的A week passed.“How is it coming？”可知，Bartoli是满怀希望的(hopeful)。anxious焦虑的；serious严肃的；careful仔细的。12A.affords BspendsCcosts Dtake

20、sD解析：此处是指一件杰作至少要花费(take)很长一段时间。take花费(时间)，主语为物；afford负担得起；spend花费，度过，主语为人；cost花费(金钱)，主语为物。13A.wall BcurtainCpicture DladderB解析：根据上文的a high curtain in front of the wall可知Abbaye从窗帘(curtain)后面回答。wall墙；picture图画；ladder梯子。14A.in total BobviouslyCeventually Dabove allC解析：根据空前的Another three, four weeks pas

21、sed可知最后(eventually)半年过去了。in total总共；obviously显然地；above all最重要的是。15A.money BmoodCtemper DtasteC解析：根据下文的surprised by such anger可知，Bartoli发脾气了。lose ones temper意为“发脾气”，符合句意。money钱；mood情绪；taste鉴赏力。16A.as if Beven ifCnow that Din caseA解析：根据空前的Stepping from behind the curtain可知，Abbaye好像(as if)被这样的愤怒惊呆了。eve

22、n if甚至；now that既然；in case以防。17A.set BpulledCleft DstoodB解析：本句句意：他拉开20英尺的窗帘。set设置；pull拉；leave离开；stand站立。18A.felt BremainedCkept DfellD解析：根据上文的Bartoli stared at the masterpiece可知，Bartoli变得张口结舌。fall open意为“变得张口结舌”，符合语境。feel感觉；remain仍然是；keep保持。19A.changed BshowedCfound DturnedD解析：根据上文的He was obviously s

23、o angry可知，他的眼睛变红了。turn red变红。20A.content BconfidenceCpower DdesignA解析：此处是指Abbaye把肖像尽情地画了20英尺高。to ones hearts content意为“尽情地，心满意足地”，符合语境。confidence自信；power力量；design设计。 语法填空Also 1._(know) as “paper paintings” and “painted pictures”， New Year paintings are 2._ unique art form in Chinese folk culture.The

24、 paintings are called “New Year paintings” because they are 3._(most) posted during the Chinese New Year holiday 4._ decoration and they are also a symbol of New Years greetings.New Year paintings 5._(appear) around the Tang dynasty, replacing the previous door pictures 6._(feature) the gods believe

25、d to be able to protect the residents and drive away ghosts.In the Song dynasty, New Year paintings were created on a large scale.With the advancement of printing technology, the content and forms of New Year paintings became 7._(diversity)The development of the paintings matured in the Ming and Qin

26、g dynasties, 8._ the art hit its heyday(全盛期)Traditional printing 9._(method) of New Year paintings include woodblock printing, stoneblock printing, offset(胶印) printing, traditional Chinese painting, watercolor painting and sketches etc.Woodblock printed New Year paintings 10._(be) the most popular a

27、nd interesting ones.【解题导语】本文为说明文，涉及社会文化和习俗话题。本文主要介绍了中国的传统文化艺术之一年画的用途、起源和分类，彰显了中国元素。1known解析：考查过去分词。空前无主语，故填非谓语动词。be known as“作为而知名”，故填known。2a解析：考查冠词。年画是中国民间文化中的一种独特的艺术形式。此处表示泛指，故填不定冠词。unique的发音不是以元音音素开头的，故用a。3mostly解析：考查副词。因为它们通常都在春节期间被张贴，作为装饰画。修饰谓语动词用副词。mostly“通常，多半，大部分”。4for解析：考查介词。此处表示目的，故用介词for

28、。5appeared解析：考查时态。年画大约起源于唐代，表示过去发生的动作，故使用一般过去时。6featuring解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：代替先前的以神为特色的门画。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰door pictures。door pictures与feature之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故填动词的ing形式作定语，feature在此是动词，意为“以为特色”。7diverse/diversified解析：考查词性转换。在本句的系表结构中，作表语的应是形容词。diverse“多种多样的”。也可填diversified“多样化的”。8when解析：考查定语从句引导词。年画在明清时期走向成熟

29、，达到鼎盛。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且从句中缺少时间状语，故填when。9methods解析：考查名词单复数。从后文可知，年画的制作工艺有很多种，故填method的复数形式。10are解析：考查主谓一致和时态。木版年画最为盛行，也最有趣。由主语paintings 可知，谓语动词应使用复数。且此处是对客观情况的陈述，应用一般现在时。、七选五The book A Big Fat Crisis: The Hidden Forces Behind Obesity and How We Can End It by Deborah Cohen, a senior natural scienti

30、st, is very popular now. 1 But according to this book, the following are some misunderstandings of obesity or being overweight.1. If youre obese, blame your genes. 2 Yet, between 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who are obese has doubled too quickly for genetic factors to be responsible. At re

31、staurants, a dollar puts more calories on our plates than ever before, because restaurant meals usually have more calories than what we prepare at home, so people who eat out more frequently have higher rates of obesity than those who eat out less.2. If youre obese, you lack self-control.Research sh

32、ows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make poor choices on diet. 3 Even the most vigilant(警觉的) people may not be good controllers of themselves.3. 4 Although the US Department of Agriculture estimates that fewer than 5 percent of Americans live in the food deserts

33、, about 65 percent of the nations population is obese. For most of us, obesity is not related to access to more fresh fruits and vegetables, but to the choices we make in supermarkets.4. The problem is not that we eat too much, but that we dont exercise.Michelle Obamas Lets Move campaign is based on

34、 the idea that if kids exercise more, childhood obesity rates will decrease. 5 In fact, although a drop in work-related physical activity may explain up to 100 fewer calories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have increased.A. Lack of access to fresh fruits and vegetables is a cause of ob

35、esity.B. Obesity rates have increased.C. Fresh fruits and vegetables we choose in a supermarket are related to obesity.D. But there was no obvious decrease in physical activity levels as obesity rates climbed in the 1980s and1990s.E. People hold different views on obesity.F. People benefit a lot fro

36、m physical activities.G. Our world has become so rich in food that we can be led to consume too much in ways we cant understand.【语篇解读】肥胖是现代社会的主要问题之一。Deborah Cohen 的A Big Fat Crisis: The Hidden Forces Behind Obesity and How We Can End It一书中，作者介绍了人们对肥胖问题的几种误解。1.E 【解析】根据下句由转折意义的内容But according to this

37、book, the following are some misunderstandings of obesity or being overweight.（但该书认为下面几点是关于肥胖的几点误解）可知，人们对肥胖问题观点不一，故E项正确。2.B 【解析】根据下句内容Yet, between 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who are obese has doubled too quickly for genetic factors to be responsible.（然而，在1980年到2000年，美国肥胖的人数就翻了一番。该速度太快，可见

38、肥胖并非遗传因素所致）可知，此处表示肥胖比例有所增加，故B项正确。3.G 【解析】根据上句Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make poor choices on diet.（研究表明，如果我们面临太多信息，我们很可能会就节食作出糟糕的选择）可知，该句应表示我们现在的食物如此丰富以致于我们会被引导以自己难以想象的方式去消耗食物，故选G项。5.D 【解析】根据下句although a drop in work-related physical activity

39、 may explain up to 100 fewer calories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have increased.（尽管跟工作相关的体力活动减少导致人们少燃烧多达100卡路里，但休闲体力活动似乎有所增加）可知，在二十世纪八十年代和九十年代，人们的体力活动并未明显减少，故选D项。、短文改错My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be，however he never fails to show her care and consideration.O

40、nce I broke a neighbor window.Seeing nobody around，I ran away immediately.When Dad came home，he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what has happened.I could only tell him a truth.Instead of scold，he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize our neighbor.I learned from this incident that

41、 not only does Dad take care of my health and he also teaches me what to be a good citizen.How luckily I am to have such a good father!【答案】My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be， he never fails to show care and consideration.Once I broke a window.Seeing nobody around，I ran away imme

42、diately.When Dad came home，he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what happened.I could only tell him truth.Instead of ，he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize our neighbor.I learned from this incident that not only does Dad take care of my health he also teaches me to be a good cit

43、izen.How I am to have such a good father!第一处：删除however。考查连词。在as引导的让步状语从句中，表语放句首时，从句倒装，分析句子结构可知，however多余。第二处：herhis。考查代词。与上文人称代词he保持一致，可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his。第三处：neighborneighbors。考查名词所有格形式。此处用名词所有格形式作定语，修饰名词window。第四处：hashad。考查动词时态。与asked呼应可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。第五处：athe。考查冠词。tell the truth为固定词组搭配，符合语境，故用定冠词the。第六处：scoldscolding。考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词scolding作介词of的宾语。第七处：our前加to。考查介词。apologize to sb.意为“向某人道歉”，为固定词组搭配，故用介词to。第八处：andbut。考查连词，not only.but also.意为“不但而且”，为固定结构，故用连词but。第九处：whathow。考查疑问词。与teaches呼应可知，此处表示方式，故用how。第十处：luckilylucky。考查形容词。与I am呼应可知，此处应用形容词lucky作表语。10