高一英语必修一知识点精选文档.ppt

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1、高一英语必修一知识点本讲稿第一页，共三十二页1.rise (rise、rose、risen)2.vi.(指日月星辰烟等的指日月星辰烟等的)升起，水位价格温度的上升升起，水位价格温度的上升=go up;起身起身=get up n.增加增加 增长增长 起伏起伏=increaseraise vt.抬高抬高 提高提高 养育养育 饲养（有被动）饲养（有被动）1.The sun rises in the east.2.He rose from his chair and began his speech.3.There has been a sharp rise in the number of peop

2、le out of work.7.His job is raising chickens.8.They _ their arms and waved to us with joy.A rose B raised B4.Prices continue to rise.6.The price of the tomatoes has been _ recently.raised5.Her temperature is still_.rising本讲稿第二页，共三十二页smelly:smell+y=adj.smell n./v (smelt/smelled)2.A _ gas came _ _ the

3、 cracks.smellyout of health wealth 裂缝里冒出臭气。扩展:n.+y构成形容词 blood-mud-sun-cloud-rain-wind-taste-dream-ice-greed-fat-fog-本讲稿第三页，共三十二页3.burst vi.vt.(burst-burst-burst)使某物爆炸，胀破，爆破,破裂burst in/into a door/room/building 突然进入门/房间/大楼1.他没有敲门就突然进入房间.He burst into the room without knocking at the door.The plane cr

4、ashed and burst into flames.2.飞机坠毁起火了.All of them burst out laughing/crying/singing.3.他们全都突然笑起来/哭起来/唱起来.=All of them burst into laughter/tears/songs.burst into sth.=burst out doing 突然起来本讲稿第四页，共三十二页burst out+v-ing :suddenly begin doing sth扩展扩展:burst into leafburs into flower长出叶子长出叶子开花开花n.a burst of.一

5、阵一阵.a burst of laughter/thunder/applause(欢呼）欢呼）本讲稿第五页，共三十二页4.But the one million people of the city,who thought little of these events,were asleep as usual that night.think little of these events 对这些情况几乎没有怎么去对这些情况几乎没有怎么去考虑、没当一回事考虑、没当一回事think little of think nothing of think badly/poorly/ill of think

6、 well/much/highly/a lot/a great deal of 对对看法不好，评价很低看法不好，评价很低不重视，忽视不重视，忽视认为没什么认为没什么对对重视重视/高度评价高度评价1.校长对你的进步评价很高校长对你的进步评价很高。The headmaster thought highly of your progress.think of 想起，考虑想起，考虑本讲稿第六页，共三十二页2.To tell you the truth,I _ Tom,who is very lazy and never knows what to do.think poorly of 5.It see

7、med as if the world was at an end.世界似乎到了末日。世界似乎到了末日。as if=as though 好像好像 引出方式状语从句引出方式状语从句 She spoke to me as if she knew me.她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我 似的。似的。as if 在表语从句中相当于在表语从句中相当于that:It seemed as if/that the meeting would never end.看起来会看起来会议没完没了。议没完没了。本讲稿第七页，共三十二页1)虚拟语气（说话者主观想象或夸大的比喻）虚拟语气

8、（说话者主观想象或夸大的比喻）2)陈述语气陈述语气,时态一致时态一致When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it were broken 当铅笔一部分放进水里，看起来好像折断了似的。当铅笔一部分放进水里，看起来好像折断了似的。(虚拟虚拟)It looks as if its going to rain 看样子天要下雨了。看样子天要下雨了。(陈述语气陈述语气)（是事实或可能性很大是事实或可能性很大）as if 后的从句可用两种语气后的从句可用两种语气本讲稿第八页，共三十二页6.at an end=finished 结束

9、，终结（作表语）结束，终结（作表语）We were very happy when the work was at an end.Compare:at the end of by the end of in the endat the end of“在在尽头；在尽头；在末末”by the end of “到到/截止截止末末”；主句一般用完成时主句一般用完成时in the end 意思意思“最后、终于最后、终于”=at last/finally 1.Wash your hands _ the experiment.at the end of2.How many English words had

10、 you learned _ last term?by the end of3.He tried various jobs and_ became a teacher.in the end本讲稿第九页，共三十二页bring/put an end to 使终止使终止come to an end.结束结束end up with 以以.而告终而告终其他词组：其他词组：The job came to an end last month.Her sudden arrival put an end to their meeting.她的忽然来到使他们的会议终止了。At the dinner we usua

11、lly begin with soup and end up with fruit.在宴会上，开始的一道菜通常是汤，最后的一道是水果。本讲稿第十页，共三十二页7.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。lie(lay lain)处于某种状态;躺，平躺，平卧 平放1.The whole factory has lain waste for many years.整个工厂多年来一直荒芜在那里。2.He let the farm go to ruin.他让农场败落了。go to r

12、uin=fall into ruin 衰落衰落,败落败落lie/be in ruins 成为废墟成为废墟in ruins 荒芜的荒芜的,成为废墟成为废墟,一般用作表语或状语一般用作表语或状语An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.His career is in ruins.本讲稿第十一页，共三十二页1.The city _ (成为废墟）成为废墟）after the war.lay/was in ruins口诀口诀:规则的规则的“撒撒谎谎”，不规则的，不规则的“躺躺”，躺过就，躺过就“下蛋下蛋”。(lie当当“说谎说谎”用，用，它的过去式和过它的过

13、去式和过去分词都为去分词都为lied，而当，而当“躺躺”用用时，它的过去式时，它的过去式为为“下蛋下蛋”即即lay)中文中文 原形原形过过 去去 式式过去过去分分词词现在现在分分词词说明说明放置放置产产卵卵laylaidlaidlaying及物动词及物动词躺躺;位于位于lielaylainlying不及物动不及物动词词说谎说谎 lieliedliedlying不及物动不及物动词词本讲稿第十二页，共三十二页8分数的表示法分数的表示法分子分母基数词序数词分子大于一，分母用复数分子大于一，分母用复数三分之一三分之一one-third五分之三五分之三 three-fifthstwo and three

14、-fifths?a quarter？本讲稿第十三页，共三十二页Two thirds of the land is covered by forest.2.One fifth of the students in this class are girls1.三分之二的陆地为森林所覆盖三分之二的陆地为森林所覆盖这个班里五分之一的学生是女生这个班里五分之一的学生是女生3.More than 61%of the surface of the earth _ covered by water.4.Seventy percent of the workers in this factory _ young

15、.isare本讲稿第十四页，共三十二页口头翻译口头翻译:李平的弟弟年纪太小而不能参军。李平的弟弟年纪太小而不能参军。Li Pings brother is too young to join the army.=Li Pings brother is not old enough to join.听到这个消息他紧张地说不出话来。听到这个消息他紧张地说不出话来。Hearing the good news,he was too nervous to speak.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to e

16、at.9.tooto 太太以至于不能以至于不能(表否定表否定)本讲稿第十五页，共三十二页“tooto”结构之前带有结构之前带有only,but,never,not,时，时，是强调是强调肯定肯定的表示法，译作的表示法，译作“非常非常”“十分十分”“实在实在”真是太真是太”等等I am only too happy to teach you.我非常高兴教你们。我非常高兴教你们。He is but too glad to do so他非常喜欢这样做他非常喜欢这样做You can never be too old to enjoy a song.我们绝对不会老得不能享受歌曲带来的欢乐我们绝对不会老得不

17、能享受歌曲带来的欢乐本讲稿第十六页，共三十二页Tooto.结构中带有表示结构中带有表示心情心情或或描绘性描绘性的的adj/adv时也表达肯定含义时也表达肯定含义Eg.ready,eager,satisfied,kind,willing,anxious etcShe is too ready to help other.他乐于助人。他乐于助人。I am too eager to have a world trip.我很想去环球旅行我很想去环球旅行本讲稿第十七页，共三十二页10.hurt injure wound 指肉体上，也可指精神上的指肉体上，也可指精神上的伤害也可指伤害也可指“疼痛，痛苦疼痛

18、，痛苦”指由于意外或事故而受伤指由于意外或事故而受伤指外伤，如枪伤指外伤，如枪伤,刀伤刀伤,剑伤剑伤,尤指尤指在战斗中受伤在战斗中受伤1.He fell off the bicycle and his 2.arm.3.My knees and my feet hurt too.injuredhurt本讲稿第十八页，共三十二页His words _her feelings.It _the eyes to read in the sun.More than 200 people were _in the car accident.The soldiers were _-in the battle.

19、hurthurtsinjuredwounded本讲稿第十九页，共三十二页11.shock n.震惊震惊 打击打击 His sudden death was a great shock to his family.shock vt.使震惊使震惊 使震动使震动本讲稿第二十页，共三十二页shock 震惊的用法People _ (shock).我们对这个消息感到震惊。were shockedWe _ the news.were shocked at The news is _(shock)shocking 表示情感的动词 excite,surprise,interest,bore,move,shock

20、,disappoint,satisfy,(惊讶，兴趣，乏味，感动，失望，满意）变为形容词时可加ing(指物）或加ed(指人）本讲稿第二十一页，共三十二页考点考点 last在此句中意为在此句中意为“持续，延续持续，延续”。可单独使用，也可后接可单独使用，也可后接for+一段时间（一段时间（for可以省略）。可以省略）。The meeting _(持续）持续）two hours.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.12.last 持续lasted本讲稿第二十二页，共三十二页It is no wonder(that)=No

21、wonder(that)wonder13.People began to _how long the disaster would last.wonder vt.想知道，对-感到怀疑She wondered what the child was doing.-Tom often works deep into the night every day.-No wonder he always gets first in the examinations.本讲稿第二十三页，共三十二页14.rescue n.搭救；解救搭救；解救;营救营救The rescue team reached the min

22、es at once after the accident happened.v.解救；救出；营救解救；救出；营救He rescued the man from drowning.rescue workers=rescuers e/go to ones rescue来援救某人We _（来救他）and pulled him out of the lake.came to his rescue本讲稿第二十四页，共三十二页15.The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400 000.伤亡的人数达到400 00

23、0.He sent his son to join the army as soon as he reached 18.Your letter of August 24 only reached me today.Weve got to reach an agreement about this question.The boy wasnt tall enough to reach the branches.The park reaches as far as the river.达到达到(指某种数目指某种数目)抵达抵达,传到传到达成达成(协议协议)得出得出(结论结论)伸手够到伸手够到(某物某

24、物)vi.延伸延伸本讲稿第二十五页，共三十二页某地发生地震的表达法：Another big quake,which is as strong as the first one _Tangshan.shook2008年5月12日下午2点28分四川发生了大地震。A big earthquake _Sichuan _2:28 _ May12,2008.shook/hitaton16.shake-shook-shaken 摇动,震动,颤动shake sbs hand/shake hands with sb 握手握手 shake ones head摇头摇头 shake with anger气得发抖气得发

25、抖本讲稿第二十六页，共三十二页 不是所有希望都破灭了。不是所有希望都破灭了。allnot =not all该句为部分否定该句为部分否定 表示全部否定：表示全部否定：no one,none,nobody,nothing,notany,以及以及“no+名名词词”17.All hope was not lost.=Not all hope was lost.本讲稿第二十七页，共三十二页不是所有的孩子都被留下了。不是所有的孩子都被留下了。不是所有的孩子都吵闹。不是所有的孩子都吵闹。Not all the children are left.(=Only some of them left early.

26、)Not all the children are noisy.(=Some of the children are not noisy.)All the students do not agree to the plan.=Not all the students agree to the plan.本讲稿第二十八页，共三十二页18.buryvt.埋葬埋葬;葬葬 The boy buried the dead bird in the backyard.男孩们把死鸟埋在后院。男孩们把死鸟埋在后院。vt.使沉浸（或专心于）使沉浸（或专心于）be buried in=bury oneself in

27、埋头于埋头于;专专心于心于 be buried in thought 沉思沉思bury oneself in study 埋头研究；专心学习埋头研究；专心学习本讲稿第二十九页，共三十二页19.To the north of the city,most of the 10,000 people were rescued from the coal mines.To the north ofrescuedto/on/in1.Japan is _ the east of China.2.Taiwan is _ the southeast of China.3.Mongolia is _ the no

28、rth of China.toinon/to本讲稿第三十页，共三十二页20.Tens of thousands of cows never give milk again数以万计的奶牛再也不产奶了数以万计的奶牛再也不产奶了 tens of thousands of 数以万计的数以万计的 hundreds and hundreds of 成百上千的成百上千的 hundreds of thousands 数以十万计的数以十万计的 thousands of 数千计的数千计的 millions of 数百万计的数百万计的 scores of 许许多多的许许多多的 dozens of 许多，大量许多，大量 本讲稿第三十一页，共三十二页22.表示许多的短语及用法表示许多的短语及用法只接可数名词的有：只接可数名词的有：a large/great number of a good/great many a good/great many of the/these/those/ones只接不可数名词的有：只接不可数名词的有：a great deal of a large amount of既可接可数名词又既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词的有：可接不可数名词的有：a lot of lots of plenty of a large/great quantity of 本讲稿第三十二页，共三十二页