高考英语语法二轮专题复习精编讲义【精讲版】代词考点讲义04反身代词（作宾语与人称代词区别与动词固定搭配）知识点总结.docx

《高考英语语法二轮专题复习精编讲义【精讲版】代词考点讲义04反身代词（作宾语与人称代词区别与动词固定搭配）知识点总结.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语语法二轮专题复习精编讲义【精讲版】代词考点讲义04反身代词（作宾语与人称代词区别与动词固定搭配）知识点总结.docx（6页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2 2022022 届高考英语语法二轮复习精编讲义届高考英语语法二轮复习精编讲义代词考点讲义代词考点讲义 0 04 4【精讲版】【精讲版】反身代词（作宾语，与人称代词区别，与动词搭配固定结构）知识点总结哪些动词必须接反身代词作宾语哪些动词必须接反身代词作宾语根据英语语法，及物动词必须后接宾语，但有些及物动词，但它后面接只能接反身代词作宾语，而不能接其他成分作宾语。英语中的这类动词非常有限，最常见的有absent,avail,pride 等。如：1.absentabsent 用作动词时，只用作及物动词，意为“缺席”，只接反身代词作宾语。表示“做某事缺席”，其后也接介词 from。如：He abs

2、ented himself from the meeting.他没有出席会议。Why did you absent yourself from class yesterday?你昨天为什么没来上课?Theyve arranged that I should absent myself for part of the meeting.他们安排好让我一部分时间不在开会现场。2.availYou must avail yourself of every opportunity to speak English.你要利用一切机会说英语。表示“使用”“利用”时，虽为及物动词，但只能接反身代词作宾语，且主

3、要用于 avail oneself of(利用)这一结构，注意不能直接跟所利用的东西作宾语，如：误：You must avail every opportunity to speak English.3.pridepride 用作动词时，总是以反身代词作宾语，且主要用于pride oneself on upon(doing)sth 这一结构。She prided herself on being a Chinese.她以自己是中国人为荣。He prides himself on his ability to speak French.他以会说法语而自豪。He prided himself on

4、 knowing 10 languages.他为自己懂得 10 种语言而自豪。人称代词与反身代词作宾语的区别人称代词与反身代词作宾语的区别在通常情况下，作为及物动词，它的宾语可以根据句意的需要来确定，比如 cut：She cut the apple pie into six pieces.她把苹果馅饼切成 6 份。Please cut this piece of string.请剪断这根绳子。Dont cut the wood.别劈这块木头。The water was cut for 2 hours yesterday.昨天停水两小时。The wheat has been cut.小麦已经收割

5、。My neighbour cut my hair for free.我的邻居免费给我理发。He cut his speech because it was too long.他缩短他的演说，因为太长了。We have to cut our expenses to save money.我们为了省钱必须削减费用。但是，如果 cut 的主语与宾语指的是同一个人或同一个事物，那么其后则只能接反身代词作宾语，而不能用宾格代词(me,him,her 等)，如以下各句中的反身代词均不能换成宾格代词：She cut herself in the kitchen.她在厨房中割伤了自己。She cut her

6、self through carelessness.她因不小心而割伤了自己。He cut himself on a piece of broken glass.他被一块破玻璃片割伤了。He cut himself loose from the constraints of family life.他摆脱了家庭生活的束缚。Be careful not to cut yourself with the knife.你要小心别让刀子割了自己。enjoy oneself 中的反身代词能否省略中的反身代词能否省略固定搭配 enjoy oneself 的意思是“玩得高兴”“过得愉快”，由于 enjoy 通

7、常只用作及物动词，所以其后的反身代词不可以省略。如：I enjoyed myself at the party.这次聚会我很快活。I havent enjoyed myself so much for a long time.我很久没有这么快活了。Time goes by quickly when youre enjoying yourself.一个人过得快活时，时光就过得快。Ive been slaving away all day while youve been out enjoying yourself.我一整天都在拼命地干活，而你却在外面痛快玩乐。如果要表示做某事很开心或很高兴，则用

8、 enjoy oneself doing sth 这样的结构。如：The children enjoyed themselves playing in the water.孩子们在水中玩得很高兴。与 enjoy oneself 同义的短语是 have a good time，其意也是“玩得高兴”“过得愉快”。其中的 good 有时也可以换成 nice,fine,pleasant,wonderful 等词，另外其中的 time 也可根据情况改用 day,evening 等。如：We had a nice time at the party.我们在晚会上很快活。若在其后接用动词，习惯上用(in)d

9、oing sth。如：We had a good time(in)playing tennis.我们打网球打得很开心。“动词动词+反身代词反身代词”的常用结构归纳的常用结构归纳1.abandon oneself to 沉溺于，纵情：He abandoned himself to despair.他自暴自弃。2.advertise oneself 自吹自擂：Stop advertising yourself.别再吹嘘自己了。3.bend oneself to 专心于，集中精力于：He bent himself to the completion of his task.他专心完成工作。mit o

10、neself on 对表态(承诺或表明意见)：He didnt want to commit himself on that matter.他不想就那样做任何承诺。mit oneself to 保证，承诺：Sorry,Ive committed myself to working for Jim.对不起，我已答应为吉姆做事。6.conduct oneself 举止，行为：He conducted himself in a most gracious manner.他表现得极为温文尔雅。7.content oneself with 满足于，满意于：He contented himself wit

11、h his present salary.他对自己现在的薪水感动满意。We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.我们切不可满足于仅有一点书本知识。8.devote oneself to 致力于，献身于：He devoted himself entirely to music.他把自己完全奉献给音乐。After he graduated he continued to devote himself to research.毕业之后他继续致力于研究工作。9.employ oneself in(doing)sth 忙于做某事

12、(有时用于被动语态)：He employed himself in writing.他忙于写作。He was employed in watering the garden.他忙于浇花园。10.enjoy oneself 过得愉快，玩得痛快：I enjoyed myself at the party.这次聚会我很快活。11.express oneself 表达自己的意思：I dont know if Ive expressed myself clearly.我的意思不知是否讲清了。He expresses himself in good clear English.他能用正确清楚的英语表达思想

13、。12.flatter oneself 自认为：We flatter ourselves that we call do without their help.我们自认为我们可以不需要他们的帮助。13.make a fool of oneself 出丑，闹笑话：Sorry I made such a fool of myself last night.I must have been drunk.对不起，我昨晚真是出丑了，我一定是喝醉了。14.make oneself ones voice heard 使自己的声音被听见：I couldnt make myself heard above th

14、e noise.我的声音被喧闹声淹没了。15.make oneself understood 清楚地表达自己的意思，使自己的意思为人所理解：Can he make himself understood in English?他能用英语表达自己的意思吗?16.make oneself scarce 溜走，躲开：Hes in a bad mood so Ill make myself scarce.他情绪不好，我得躲着点。17.do oneself justice 发挥自己的能力：He didnt do himself justice in the exams.他在考试中没有发挥出自己的能力。18

15、.list oneself as 把自己列为一类：He listed himself as a Marxist.他将自己列为马克思主义者。19.lose oneself in 专心致志于：I soon lost myself in the excitement of the film.影片中的刺激情节很快就把我吸引住了。20.pull oneself together 控制感情，使自己镇静：Pull yourself together and stop crying.控制一下你自己，别哭了。21.repeat oneself 重说自己的话，重做自己做过的事：Am I repeating mys

16、elf?我以前说过这事吗?History will not repeat itself.历史不会重演。22.resign oneself to 听任，顺从：I resigned myself to a long wait in line.我只好在长队中等候。23.respect oneself 自尊，自重：No girl who respected herself would go out dressed like that.任何一个自重的女孩都不会穿着那样的衣服出门。24.revenge oneself on sb 向某人报仇：He was determined to revenge him

17、self on his fathers murderer.他决心要向杀害他父亲的凶手报仇。25.save oneself the bother of doing sth 省得自己麻烦去做某事：I should have phoned the shop first and saved myself the bother of goingthere.我本来应该先给商店打个电话的，这样也就省得我走一趟。26.say to oneself 心里想：I said to myself,“Ill do it this way.”我心里想：“我就这样做。”27.seat oneself 就坐：Please s

18、eat yourself.请坐。He seated himself near the window.他在窗户边坐下。28.speak for oneself 不言而喻，不辩自明：The company has had a very successful year:the figures speak for themselves.该公司本年度非常成功，一看数字便知道。29.suit oneself 随自己的愿意：You dont want to come?Well,suit yourself.你不想来，那好，随你便。30.throw oneself into 全身心投入：After my girlfriend left me,I threw myself into my work.女朋友离开我之后，我把整个身心都投入到工作中去了。31.throw oneself on sbs mercy 请求某人宽恕：They didnt throw themselves on her mercy.他们没有向她请求宽恕