历年考研英语(二)真命题及答案解析详解(2010-2013).doc

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1、,历届考研英语（二）真题（2010-2013）【作者：羽毛蛇】【使用说明】本人亲身经历了考研的旅途，深对于英语（二），研友们最缺的就是真题，因为专硕产生不久，参考人数却呈爆发式增长；而相对英语（一），市面上不易买到英语（二）的真题资料，给考生带来不便。即使是网上的一些版本也是七拼八凑，错误连篇。本着传承爱心的理念，本人特整理2010-2013年真题及参考答案，供学弟学妹们复习。本版本真题的一大特点是完全按照考研真题的格式、字体、字号、行间距排版，每套真题12页，建议使用时采用A4纸双面印刷，以最大限度模拟考场实际效果。（市面上的真题大多为了节约纸张，缩小了字体和行间距，和考场真题有一定差距，若

2、长期用市面版本做练习，上了考场可能不习惯：例如完型填空，考场真题第一页是完型文章，选项一般从第二页开始，需要翻页，给考生造成不便，考生需提前习惯这种不便！而市面上的真题大多文章选项就在一页，做习惯了反而会不利于考场发挥！深有体会，切记切记）对于真题的使用方法，有以下几点需要说明：不要盲目做真题！那是浪费资源！英语（二）开考以来就这四套真题，希望大家节约使用！其他的模拟题、英语（一）真题、样题都没这四套值价！不信对比着做几套就知区别！专硕真题是宝藏，它就是我们确切意义上的指南！建议大家采用一下介绍的“六遍法”，以最大限度榨干真题价值！（每遍适当间隔一段时间效果会更好） 第一遍：严格按照考试时间，

3、创造最贴近考试的环境来完成真题。 第二遍：摘抄生词，长句进行记忆分析，进一步熟悉文章，正面分析正确选择项，使自己的思路初步贴近出题人的思路。看答案的时候最好不要看相关的分析，因为这样可能会让自己的思路跟着出书人跑。另外，你需要对出的题目有一个分类了，例如细节题目，作者态度题目，例证题目，文章主旨题目等等，为以后的进一步总结应对策略打下基础。 第三遍：反面分析错误选择项（至关重要！） 主要应该主要从4个方面着手： 1、 对比正确选项和错误选项，找出其差异所在。在知道了为什么正确答案为什么正确的基础上找出错误的原因，出题人为什么要用这个错误选项来迷惑我们用的是偷换概念还是以小代大？同意互换的修饰成

4、分是否遗漏？作者观点题目答案给的是不是有出题人主观倾向以及这种倾向是不是可以作为规律来对待？等等等等。 二、把错误选择项带到原文中，看看出题人是怎么把作者意图和事实歪曲的。关于这点你可以分析完10篇来一个总结，你会很惊奇的发现：原来每道题目错误选项的来路是这么的相似！以后再见到这种错误选项的时候很大程度上你就能感觉到什么应该是正确的什么是错误的了（这就是你和出题人思路的接近过程）。 三、把握绝对和相对的关系，找出错误选项代表性的词汇。很多辅导班老师会这么告诉你：包含some，perhaps，appromately，about，seems等词汇的选择项一般都是正确的，而包含certainly，e

5、xtremely等绝对的一般都是错误的。这个可以当成一个一般的原则来应用，但是我要求你们并不是简单的把这类词汇给看到然后就直接的判断出其正确性或者错误性，我们现在是打基础，必须对自己从严要求，我们应该这样做：找出代表性词汇后进行汇总，根据肯定否定的语气轻重来把它们进行排序，然后回到题目看看出题目的人是怎么把作者不太肯定的语气给“硬化”的（老外很少说绝对，中国人经常说绝对）。 四、把自己当成出题人来思考（换位思考）。你需要把自己放到出题人的角度来对待错误选项，因为错误选项都是很熟悉中国人思维的专家出的，因此，你如果单纯的从自己（考生）的角度思考错误选择项，很可能会百思不得其解，而在把我原文的基础

6、之上把自己看成出题人情况就会很不同。这是提高你考试能力的一个很重要的方法，到你经过一系列的训练，能从出题人的思路把握选择项的时候，你就是真正的知彼知己，从而就很容易的达到百战不殆了。 第四遍：回到文章中去，把自己上一遍的思路“代入”到文章中去，分析一下出题人是怎样把题目出出来的，具体思考以下几个问题： 一、体会出题人为什么会在这个地方出题目而不在其他地方出题目？ 二、其它地方是不是可以出题目？ 三、如果让你出题目你会怎样来出？ 四、自己试着出上几道题目，比较一下和出题人的差距，进一步体会出题人出题目的把戏。 第五遍：再次像第一遍那样去做题目，总结出题技巧以及自己的应对策略。当然，答案你已经非常

7、清楚了， 这里只是让你再次体验一下真题的“魅力”所在。总结出题技巧并不是让你将来有可能去出题目，只是再此深化贴近出题人思维方式这个思路，争取达到自己看到一篇文章在看题目之前就大致知道体会出在什么地方（完全可以达到）。应试策略和前面几遍的分析是分不开的，前面的工作做好了，你就是不进行应试策略的专门总结也没有问题，例如例证题目，你完全可以自己就总结出来90%向上，10%向下找答案的思路等等。 第六遍：这一遍选择应用，首先，可以适当做一点市场上的模拟试题应用下自己总结出来的方法，看一下是不是自己的思路和出书人的差不多，不一样完全没有关系，因为到现在你的试题研究的水平可能比出书人还要高，你的思路更加贴

8、近将来的06年真题！其次，适当的选用自己认为比较好的模拟试题，你可以在做完题目之后用挑剔的木管来“修正”它们，进一步使自己的应试技巧和策略得到深化。 最后给大家一点个人的建议：英语没必要报辅导班，尤其是专硕英语，靠自己才是王道！虽然辅导班天花乱坠的宣传台词催生了如火如荼的考研经济，但就我个人的经历来说，不要太指望辅导班。认真研究着几套真题，再归纳联系一下各类型的作文，考研英语没问题的！预祝大家取得好成绩，并在考研路上有所收获！2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试(英语二)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.

9、Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points) The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on june 11,2009. It is the first wotldwide cpidemic_1_by the World Health Organization in 41 years. The heightene

10、d alert _2_an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that assembled after a sharp pise in cases in Australia.and rising _3_in Britain ,Japan,Chile and elsewhere. But the epiemic is “_4_”in severity. According to Margaret Chan. The organizations director general,_5_the overwhelming majorty of p

11、atients experiencing only mild symptoms and full recovery. Often in the_6_of any medical treatment. The outbreak came to gobal_7_in late April 2009.when Mexican authorities noted an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths_8_ healthy adults. As much of Mexico City Shut down at the heigh

12、t of a panic,cases began to_9_in New York City,the southwestem United States and around the world. In the United States, new cases seemed to fade_10_warmer weather arrived.But in late September 2009,officials reported there was_11_flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the_12_test

13、ed are the new swine flu. Also known as(A)H1N1,not seasonal flu.In the U.S.,It has_13_more than one million people,and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations. Federal health officials _14_ Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began _15_ orders from the state

14、s for the new swine flu vaccine.The new vaccine,which is different from the annual flu vaccine,is_16_ ahead of expectations.More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009,though most of those _17_doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type,which is not _18_ for pregnant

15、 women,people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties,heart disease or several other_19_.But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk groups;health care workers,people _20_infants and healthy young people.1.Acriticized Bappointed Ccommented Ddesignated2.Aproceeded Bactivated

16、 Cfollowed Dprompted3.Adigits Bnumbers Camounts Dsums4.AModerate Bnormal Cunusual Dextreme5.AWith Bin Cfrom Dby6.AProgress Babsence Cpresence Dfavor7.AReality Bphenomenon Ccincept Dnotice8.AOver Bfor Camong Dto9.Astay up Bcrop up Cfill up Dcover up10.Aas Bif Cunless Duntil 11.Aexcessive Benormous Cs

17、ignificant Dmagnificent12.Acategories Bexamples Cpatterns Dsamples13.Aimparted Bimmersed Cinjected Dinfected14.Areleased Brelayed Crelieved Dremained15.Aplacing Bdelivering Ctaking Dgiving16.Afeasible Bavailable Creliable Dapplicable17.Aprevalent Bprincipal Cinnovative Dinitial18.Apresented Brestric

18、ted Crecommended Dintroduced19.Aproblems Bissues Cagonies Dsufferings20.Ainvolved in Bcaring for Cconcerned with Dwarding off Section Reading comprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER

19、 SHEET 1. (40 points)Text1 The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, “Beautiful Inside My Head Forever”, at Sothebys in London on September 15th 2008 . All but two pieces sold, fetching more than 70m, a record for a sale

20、 by a single artist. It was a last hurrah. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy. The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising vertiginously since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was

21、 worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm-double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, pass

22、ion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries. In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirsts sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many

23、art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector-for Chinese contemporary art-they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the worlds two b

24、iggest auction houses, Sothebys and Christies, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them. The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious c

25、ontraction in the market since the second world war. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more volatile. But Edward Dolman, Christies chief executive, says: “Im pretty confident were at the bottom.” What makes this slump differen

26、t from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, when interest rates were high, there was no demand even though many collectors wanted to sell. Christies revenues in the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first half of 2006. Almost eve

27、ryone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Dsdeath, debt and divorcestill deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confid

28、ence to return.21.In the first paragraph,Damien Hirsts sale was referred to as “a last victory”because _. A.the art market hadwitnessed a succession of victoryies B.the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bids C.Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpieces D.it was suc

29、cessfully made just before the world financial crisis22.By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable”(Line 1-2,Para.3),the author suggests that_ . A . collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctions B .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galle

30、ries C.art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extent D .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying23.Which of the following statements is NOT ture? A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007to 2008. B.The art market surpassed many

31、other industries in momentum. C.The market generally went downward in various ways. D.Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.24.The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are _ A.auction houses favorites B.contemporary trends C.factors promoting artwork circulation D.styles represen

32、ting impressionists25.The most appropriate title for this text could be _ A.Fluctuation of Art Prices B.Up-to-date Art Auctions C.Art Market in Decline D.Shifted Interest in ArtsText2 I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room - a womens group that had invited men to join

33、them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative frequently offering ideas and anecdotes while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands dont talk to them. This man quickly concurred

34、. He gestured toward his wife and said Shes the talker in our family. The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. Its true he explained. When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didnt keep the conversation going wed spend the whole evening in silence. This episode

35、crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 70s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman repo

36、rts in her new book Divorce Talk that most of the women she interviewed - but only a few of the men - gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year - a virtual epidemi

37、c of failed conversation. In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning cooking soci

38、al arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: He doesnt listen to me He doesnt talk to me. I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives. In sho

39、rt the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face while a woman glares at the back of it wanting to talk.26.What is most wives main expectation of their husbands? A.Talking to

40、them. B.Trusting them. C.Supporting their careers. D. Sharing housework.27.Judging from the context ,the phrase “wreaking havoc”(Line 3,Para2)most probably means _ . A generating motivation. B.exerting influence C.causing damage D.creating pressure28.All of the following are true EXCEPT_ A.men tend

41、to talk more in public tan women B.nearly 50percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversation C.women attach much importance to communication between couples D.a female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse29.Which of the following can best summarize the mian idea of this tex

42、t ? A.The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists . B.Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities. C.Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage. D.Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.30.In the following part immediately after this text,the

43、 author will most probably focus on _ A.a vivid account of the new book Divorce Talk B.a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoon C.other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S. D.a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew HackerTxet3 Over the past decade, many comp

44、anies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors - habits - among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues. “There

45、are fundamental public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because we cant figure out how to change peoples habits,” Dr. Curtis said. “We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.” The companies that Dr. Curtis tur

46、ned to - Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever - had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines. If you look hard enough, youll find that many of the products we use every day - chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirant