外研版2013届高考英语一轮复习语法专题13正反解读特殊句式.ppt
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1、外研版2013届高考英语一轮复习语法专题13正反解读特殊句式 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望专题专题1313正反解读特殊句式正反解读特殊句式专题专题13 13 正反解读特殊句式正反解读特殊句式专题专题1313 高考链接高考链接高考链接1 120112011上海卷上海卷 It doesnt matter if they want It doesnt matter if they want to come to your party,to come t
2、o your party,?A Adoesnt it doesnt it B Bdoes itdoes itC Cdont they dont they D Ddo theydo they 解析解析 B考考查查反意疑反意疑问问句。句意:他句。句意:他们们是否想来参加你是否想来参加你的聚会无关的聚会无关紧紧要,是不是?要,是不是?对对“It doesnt matter if从句从句”句型句型进进行反意疑行反意疑问问,需要,需要针对针对主句主句进进行,故行,故选选B。22011重庆卷 I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did,_?
3、Acould he Bdidnt ICdidnt you Dcould they解析 B考查反意疑问句。当陈述部分是一个带有宾语从句的主从结构时,疑问部分的主语通常与主句的主语保持一致,故选择B项。专题专题1313 高考链接高考链接32011四川卷 Was it on a lonely island _ he was saved one month after the boat went down?Awhere Bthat Cwhich Dwhat解析 B考查强调句。此处强调的是句子的地点状语on a lonely island,是强调句的一般疑问句句型:Was it 被强调部分 that 句
4、子?句意:他是不是在小船沉没一个月后在一座孤岛上被营救的?专题专题1313 高考链接高考链接42011福建卷 Its nice.Never before such a special drink!Im glad you like it.AI have had BI hadChave I had Dhad I解析 C考查倒装句。never位于句首,该句应用倒装结构,又由语境可知该句应使用现在完成时。专题专题1313 高考链接高考链接52011重庆卷 Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?Of course,I have.It was in
5、our village _it was made.Athat BwhereCwhen Dwhich解析 A考查强调句型。套用强调句型“It is/wasthat”可知A项正确,此处强调的是地点状语in our village。专题专题1313 高考链接高考链接专题专题1313 考点归纳考点归纳 考点归纳 考点一倒装句考点一倒装句倒装有两种形式:一是句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之倒装有两种形式:一是句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前,进行完全倒装;二是只将助动词、情态动词等提前到主语前,进行完全倒装;二是只将助动词、情态动词等提前到主语的前面,进行部分倒装。的前面,进行部分倒装。1 1完全倒装的使
6、用规则完全倒装的使用规则构成:将谓语动词直接提到主语前。构成:将谓语动词直接提到主语前。规则1:地点副词或方位副词here,there,out,in,up,down,away,off等放在句首,而主语是名词时,句子则完全倒装。但是,当主语是人称代词时,主谓语序不变。如:Out rushed the children.Away he went.规则2:地点状语位于句首时,为了避免头重脚轻,常将谓语置于主语之前,进行完全倒装。如:South of the river lies a small factory.From the valley came a frightening sound.专题专题
7、1313 考点归纳考点归纳 规则3:such,then,now,thus,the following 位于句首,谓语动词多为come,follow,begin,end,be时用完全倒装。如:Such are the facts.The following is the answer to the question.Now comes your turn.规则4:there be句型中,用完全倒装。此时,结构中的be可用lie/exist/stand/live/seem 等动词替代。如:There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountai
8、n.专题专题1313 考点归纳考点归纳 规则5:有时为了突出或强调,可用“表语系动词主语”的完全倒装结构。如:Present at the party were Mr.Green and many other guests.Seated on the ground are a group of young men.规则6:在“sothat”和“suchthat”结构中,将“soadj./adv.”和“suchn.”提到句首时主句部分用完全倒装。如:So terrible was the storm that the whole roofs were blown off.Such a cleve
9、r boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems.专题专题1313 考点归纳考点归纳 2部分倒装的使用规则构成:将情态动词、助动词、be动词提到主语前。规则1:含有否定意义的副词或短语放在句首时。如:few,little,never,not,no,not until,nowhere,rarely,seldom,hardly/scarcelywhen/before,no soonerthan,not onlybut(also),at no time,by no means等。如:专题专题1313 考点
10、归纳考点归纳 He is active in personality,and seldom does he stay indoors.Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off.(注意谓语动词的形式)Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.(将until后面的全部内容提前)专题专题1313 考点归纳考点归纳 规则2:so/as/neither/nor 为标志词放在句首。如:(
11、1)表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一人或物。so/asbe/助动词/情态动词主语。如:Ive got an enormous amount of work to do.So have I.(2)表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于另一人或物。neither/norbe/助动词/情态动词主语。如:If she doesnt agree to the plan,neither will Tom.(3)当前面既有肯定又有否定或两个谓语时用so it is/was with sb.,也可以用so it is /was the same with sb.。如:He is a student and he d
12、oesnt go to school by bus.So it is with her.专题专题1313 考点归纳考点归纳 规则3:only修饰状语(从句),并置于句首时,后面部分要部分倒装。如:Only if he has time will he come here.Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.规则4:在虚拟条件句中,从句谓语有助动词were,had,should时,可将if省略,而把were,had,should 移到句首,即Had/Were/Should主语谓语其他部分主句。如:Were h
13、e(If he were)here now,I could ask him.Should he(If he should)come,tell him to ring me up.专题专题1313 考点归纳考点归纳 规则5:as或though引导让步状语从句引起的倒装。句型是:表语/状语/动词原形as/though主语其他。如:Boy as he is,he knows a lot.(名词前不用冠词)Much as I like it,I will not buy it.Try as he might,he could not find a job.专题专题1313 考点归纳考点归纳 考点二省略
14、句在英语中,有时为了避免结构上或内容上的重复,并使上下文紧密连接,有时因为语法的客观要求,句子中的一个或几个成分不需要表达出来,这种现象称为省略。英语中的省略要求不破坏语法结构,要保持句子意义的准确无误。省略有词法上的省略,也有句法上的省略,还有一种替代省略。省略部分的成分和含义可从上下文或具体语言环境中找到而且是有章可循的,英语的省略大致有以下几种情况:专题专题1313 考点归纳考点归纳 规则1:在某些特定的环境中,由于语言所指清楚,为了避免重复,常将谓语动词省略,留下主语和其他成分;如果谓语部分全部省略,而只留下主语时,主语用宾格形式。如:Jack would go to the Expo
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