初三英语总复习课件.ppt

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1、Welcome to our class,动词不定式（The Infinitive ）,初三英语总复习,1、动词不定式的结构形式 动词不定式通常由不定式符号to+动词原形构成。不带to的不定式便与动词原形同形。否定式为not或never+to+动词原形 或 not或never+动词原形,He likes to read novels. I saw him come. We decided not to buy that house.4) She wished never to see him again 5) Please let him not go there.,不定式不带“时间”的标记，

2、也不受主语“人称”和“数”的制约，但有“体”、“态”的形态变化，以动词write为例，如一般形式：（to write），完成体形式（to have written），被动态（to be written）,Eg: 1) The problem to have been discussed at the meeting is very hard.2) There are twenty more trees to be planted.,1、 不定式的特点：,动词不定式可以充当的句子成分,1、作主语,2、作宾语,3、作宾语补足语,4、作表语,5、作定语,6、作状语,一、 作主语： 1.作主语多用在谚

3、语中,To see is to believe. To say is easy, to do is hard.,作主语的动词不定式常常为it替代，而将它放在后面。,It + be + n (for sb) to do sth. It is my duty to help you with your English . It is time to have sports .,疑问词What / which/ whether /how etc. +to do sth. 也可作主语 When and where to have the meeting is still unknown.,3. It

4、+be + adj for/of sb to do sth. 用介词for的形容词多为描述不定式行为的特征 （easy / hard / important / necessary / interesting etc.） 用介词of的形容词多为 描述逻辑主语的思想品质 （kind / nice / friendly / wise / foolish / careless / right / clever etc.）,1)It is easy for me to learn English well. 2)It is foolish of him to meet her again.,4.It

5、takes sb some time / money to do sth.,1)It takes us hours to finish our homework every day.,1、It is necessary _us to learn to wait. (of/for)2、It was careless _me to break the cup . （of/for)3、It took them 1,000 yuan _this table.(buy)4、Where _the corner is a difficult problem.(turn)5、Whether _there ha

6、snt been decided . (go)6、轮到我们打扫教室了。7、To save time is to lengthen life. （翻译成中文）,to buy,for,of,to turn,to go,Its our turn to clean the classroom.,节省时间就是延长生命。,a.谓语动词+ to do sth 此类谓语动词多办表示“意愿”、“企图”等 如：want / wish / ask / like / would like / love / would love / hope / plan / try / decide / get / learn /

7、need / agree / choose / begin / start / forget / remember / manage / seem / refuse / expect / afford / beg etc.,1、I hope to finish it tomorrow . 2、She chose to go and teach in the countryside,b.谓语动词+疑问词+to do sth 如：tell / show / teach / ask / advise +wh-及how to do sth,1、I dont know what to do next.

8、2、She cant decide which book to buy,二、作宾语,c.谓语动词+it( 形式宾语)+宾补（adj）+to do sth此类动词通常是使役动词或表“判断”的动词，如：make / feel / think / find等,He feels it difficult to make what he wants.,练习1、Dont forget _.(叫他来） 2、I happened _when he called me. （出去）3、I dont like_. (打扰别人）4、Sam is learning_. (怎样开车）5、 I found _ hard _

9、.(学好英语难）,to ask him to come,to go out,to trouble others,how to drive a car,it to learn English well,a.谓语动词 + 宾语（sb/sth) + to do sth此类谓语动词多为表命令、忠告如：help / want / wish / like / ask / tell / teach / order / allow / advise / get,1、The teacher asked her to answer the question. 2、The doctor advised me to

10、have a good rest.,b.谓语动词+宾语+不带to的不定式 此类谓语动词多为感觉动词， 使役动词， 或表示心理状态的动词。 如：feel / see / hear / watch / notice / look at / listen to / let / make / have etc.,1、John made her tell him everything. (主动）2、She was made to tell him everything .（被动）,三、作宾补,1、We feel the train _.(move/to move)2、Do you like listen

11、ing to other people_? (talk / talking/to talk ) 3、Jim was seen _the room. (enter /to enter )4、Please tell her _at once . (go /not to go)5、Ill help you _this problem. (to solve /solve )6、 I wish you to stay with us.(改成复合句）7、Her story made us laugh. (改成被动句）,move,talk,to enter,(to ) solve,I wish you wi

12、ll stay with us.,We were made to laugh by her story.,not to go,a. S + be + to do sth 此类主语多为 duty / wish / hope / idea / plan / mistake / dream / work / job 等 名词,1、My wish was to be a singer. 2、Another problem is where to stop the car .,b.谚语中：To do sth + be + to do sth,1、To mention the wolfs name is

13、to see the same. 2、To know everything is to know nothing.,四、作表语,放在被修饰词的后面，与被修饰词有动宾关系或主谓关系。不定式为不及物动词时后面应有必要的介词。,1、I have a lot of work to do.,2、My teacher is always the first to come to school and the last to leave.,3、He hasnt a house to live in.4、I have no pens to write with.,五、作定语,a.作原因状语S + be + a

14、dj(表情感) + to do sth (happy/ glad angry / sorry / sad /afraid etc.),Im sorry to hear that. Im glad to see you.,b.作目的状语,In order to learn English well, she works very hard. The soldier ran into the room to save the little girl,c.作结果状语 too + adj/adv +to do sth. n/adj/adv enough to do sth,You are too yo

15、ng to do this job.,He ran fast enough to catch the bus.,六、作状语,All I did was to give him some advice . His dream is to travel all over the world. Lucy needs a friend to play with . He was the last guest to arrive . This is the best book to read . He was surprised to see you He got up early so as to c

16、atch the first bus. They ran too slowly to catch up with us . The hall is not big enough to hold 5,000 people.,下列不定式作何种成分：,（表语）,（表语）,（定语）,（定语）,（定语）,（状语）,（状语）,（状语）,（状语）,动词不定式的注意点：1begin/ start/ hate/ like/love/ plan/ prefer，etc. Vt.+to do sth.和 Vt.+doing 意义相同 2但forget / remember / go on / stop / try ,etcVt.+to do sth.和 Vt.+doing 意义不相同3 Mind/enjoy/finish/give up/keep/ miss/ practise, etc. 只能用Vt.+doing4. 介词 to 与不定式 to 的区别be used to习惯于 thanks to 由于,多亏 prefer to 比较 make a contribution to 为 作贡献 write to 写信给 according to 根据,Goodbye,