2022版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练9必修2Unit4Wildlifeprotection练习含解析新人教版20210609287.doc

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1、课时提能练(九)必修2Unit 4Wildlife protectionA：知识层面.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)In some 1.distant (distance) areas, there are still 2.merciless (mercy) killings of rare animals. Forests and grasslands are disappearing，which is also 3.harmful (harm) to the survival of wildlife. Now it is of great 4.importance (important) t

2、o provide rescue and 5.protection (protect) for wild animals, especially for those in danger of dying out. The government should make a quick 6.response (respond) to massive destruction of their natural habitat. Those who kill wild animals must be severely punished and those who have a high 7.affect

3、ion (affect) for them must be well rewarded.B(考查动词)Population growth 8.is decreasing (decrease) year on year, leading to a higher proportion of older people. In Germany, for example, 100 9.employed (employ) persons now support about 40 elderly, deeply 10.affecting (affect) its labour, financial and

4、housing markets. How 11.to contain (contain) population decline is a problem many governments have to face. China 12.has responded (respond) to the issue quickly by allowing one couple to have two children. Whether this policy will influence the concerned markets is worth 13.inspecting (inspect) clo

5、sely. So far, this measure 14.has been appreciated (appreciate) by many developed countries.C(考查句型)Most of the details of the project were arranged 15.as the director had suggested. But there were still some problems 16.remaining (remain) to be solved. My colleagues came up with different approaches

6、, 17.which, actually, were not very practical. Later, a young engineer thought of another way 18.in which the problems could be properly handled. We all thought highly of it. Certainly any idea had to be tested before 19.being(be) fully accepted. It would be a wise choice to wait a while before it b

7、ecame perfect.根据提示补全句子 1俗话说：在家靠父母，出门靠朋友。这话不错。As the saying goes，a man depends upon his parents at home and upon his friends away from home.Its really true.2必须采取措施保护稀有鸟类，使其免遭伤害。Something must be done to protect the rare birds from being endangered.3据说这样的风俗很早以前就存在了。It is said that such a custom came i

8、nto being long ago.4我们已经没有时间来仔细考虑它了。There has been no time left for us to think it over.5随着期末考试的临近，你父母可能不会允许你花费太多时间上网。With the final exam drawing near，your parents will not probably allow you to spend too much time on the Internet.B：能力层面.阅读理解AA new study recently found that elephants in Central Afri

9、can forests can encourage the growth of slowgrowing trees and increase the ability of the forest to store carbon.“As a tree，theres a tradeoffyou cant have it all，” explained Fabio Berzaghi，who led the study.“You either invest energy in growing fast，or in building a lot of structure with carbon to be

10、 more resistant.”Elephants prefer to eat fastgrowing trees in more open spaces.As they feed and walk，they cause damage to these species，knocking over trees or breaking off branches，which results in an ecosystem that favors large，slowgrowing hardwood trees.“As the elephants thin the forest，they incre

11、ase the number of slowgrowing trees and the forest is capable of storing more carbon，” said Stephen Blake，one of the papers authors.Scientists collected field measurements in the Congo Basin and used a computer model to predict how elephants would affect forest structure，and carbon storage potential

12、 in the long term.The data confirmed that when elephants are present，the forest contains larger trees and higher abundance of species with high wood density.Conversely (相反地)，should forest elephants go extinct，leaving those slowgrowing trees struggling to compete with fastgrowing species，it would res

13、ult in a 7 percent loss of aboveground biomass (生物量)As a result，Central African forests could lose up to three billion tons of carbon，potentially accelerating climate change.The sad reality is that humans are doing their best to rid the environment of elephants.“This study comes at a time when fores

14、t elephants are threatened as never before，”said Iain DouglasHamilton，founder of Save the Elephants.“It is shocking that just as we are beginning to understand how elephants might have a key role in Africa in storing carbon，they are under real threat of extinction.” One limitation of the study，Mr.Be

15、rzaghi said，is that we do not know how much carbon has already been lost because of the elephants decline.But it does seem certain，he added，that putting a stop to illegal hunting and restoring forest elephant populations would bring climate benefits.【语篇解读】最近一项新的研究发现，在中非森林中活动的大象能促进生长缓慢的树木的生长，并能提高森林贮存

16、碳的能力。人类非法猎杀大象不仅会使大象面临灭绝的威胁，而且会对气候造成不良影响。1What can we infer about slowgrowing trees in Paragraph 2?AThey are elephants favorite food.BThey are easily hurt by elephants.CThey can help forests store carbon.DThey may reduce elephant populations.C推理判断题。根据第二段尾句中Stephen Blake所说的话“As the elephants thin the

17、forest，they increase the number of slowgrowing trees and the forest is capable of storing more carbon”可知，大象的活动增加了生长缓慢的树木的数量，这使森林能贮存更多的碳。据此可以推知，生长缓慢的树木有利于森林贮存碳，故C项正确。2What would happen without elephants living in Central African forests?AClimate change would possibly be sped up.BThe forest structure

18、would remain unchanged.CThe forests would lose more fastgrowing trees.DLarger trees would defeat fastgrowing species.A推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Conversely(相反地)，should forest elephants. potentially accelerating climate change”可知，如果森林中的大象灭绝，那些生长缓慢的树木将努力地与生长迅速的物种竞争，这将导致地面生物量减少7%。其结果是，中非森林将失去高达30亿吨的碳，这有可能加速气候变化。据

19、此可以推知，如果中非森林中没有大象，则该地区的气候可能会加速变化，故A项正确。3What did Mr.Berzaghi suggest people do?ALead a lowcarbon life.BEvaluate the carbon loss.CStop destroying forests.DProtect forest elephants.D细节理解题。根据本文尾句“But it does seem certain.would bring climate benefits”可知，Berzaghi先生认为，停止非法捕杀并恢复森林中大象的数量，会给气候带来好处。据此可知，Berza

20、ghi先生提议保护森林中的大象，故D项正确。4What is the best title for the text?AHumans and Nature Live in HarmonyBElephants Disappear in Parts of AfricaCClimate Change Affects Forest StructureDElephants Defend Against Climate ChangeD标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文第一句和最后一句概括了全文的主旨，又结合文中的其他内容可知，本文通过分析中非森林中大象的活动对气候变化的影响，说明了保护森林中的大象对气候有好处

21、，故D项最适合作本文标题。B(2021全国统一考试模拟演练)The average bear，it seems，is getting ever smarter.First，it turned out that at least one can use a comb.Now it appears that some can count，too.Jennifer Vonk，of Oakland University，in Michigan，and Michael Beran，from Georgia State University，set three American black bears t

22、he task of distinguishing between numerically larger and smaller groups of dots(点) on a computer screen.In return for a food reward one bear，Brutus，would touch the more heavily dotted pattern with his nose.The others，Bella and Dusty，would touch the screen with their claws(爪子)As the researchers repor

23、t in Animal Behavior，the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area.This could be explained by the bears distinguishing the different areas of colour rather than truly counting the dots.However，the three bears managed

24、to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dots took up a larger area.Moving patterns，where each dot followed its own path around the screen，were more of a challenge.But Brutus，at least，was not defeated.He seemed to be counting mobile dots even when the scientists tr

25、ied to mislead him by moving the total coloured area of the dots at the same time.It is not entirely surprising that bears should have a high degree of intelligence.They face a lot of challenges when trying to get food.They are，however，always alone，and so do not have the complex social systems that

26、contribute to animal smarts.Perhaps，then，their maths skill developed because they cannot count on their friends for help.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一些新的发现，证明了熊是一种高智商动物。5What task did the scientists set for the three bears?ADistinguishing different dot patterns.BFiguring out different colours of dots.CPutti

27、ng the dots into differently coloured groups.DPicking out the group with a larger number of dots.A细节理解题。根据第二段“Jennifer Vonk, of Oakland University, in Michigan, and Michael Beran, from Georgia State University, set three American black bears the task of distinguishing between numerically larger and

28、smaller groups of dots on a computer screen(密歇根州奥克兰大学的Jennifer Vonk和乔治亚州立大学的Michael Beran给三只美国黑熊设定了一项任务，即在电脑屏幕上区分数字上较大和较小的点)”可知，科学家们给这三只熊安排的任务是区分不同的点的模式。故选A项。6For the bears，the task was easier when _Athe coloured dots were moving slowlyBthe dot patterns were regular in shapeCthe dots followed a path

29、 on the screenDmore dots covered a larger coloured areaD细节理解题。根据第三段“As the researchers report in Animal Behavior，the bears did best with patterns where the coloured dots did not move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area(正如研究人员在动物行为杂志上所报道的那样，熊最擅长的图案是那些彩色的点不移动，而且更多的点占据了更大的彩色区域)”可

30、知，熊最擅长的图案是被更多的点覆盖的更大的彩色区域。故选D项。7What may explain the bears high degree of intelligence?AThey learn skills from other animals.BThey face life challenges on their own.CThey feed on a diverse range of food.DThey have complex social networks.B细节理解题。根据最后一段“It is not entirely surprising that bears should

31、have a high degree of intelligence. They face a lot of challenges when trying to get food(熊拥有高度的智力并不完全令人惊讶。他们在获取食物时面临着很多挑战)”可知，熊的高智商表现在它们独自面对生活的挑战。故选B项。8What can be a suitable title for the text?ABears Taught to Distinguish ColoursBNew Evidence of Bear Intelligence FoundCThree Bears Learned How to C

32、ountDThe Smartest American Black Bear BrutusB标题归纳题。本文介绍了一些新的发现，为证明熊是一种高智商动物提供了证据，所以文章标题应该是“发现了证明熊智力的新证据”。故选B项。.阅读七选五(2020深圳市普通高中第二次测试)You know that eating healthily，staying active，and playing a few brain games can help you have a good memory.But the following lesserknown habits work wonders too.1 1

33、When we sit with our shoulders bent forward，this position actually causes us to feel anxious or depressedwhich makes it harder to think clearly and remember things.Conversely(反过来)，an upright posture apparently improves the memory because it boosts the blood and oxygen flow to the brain.2ExerciseOnce

34、Having trouble remembering faces? 2 In a study，pictures of faces were shown to older folks after they pedal a stationary(固定的)bike at an intense pace or simply sit on a selfpedaling bike.On average，people remembered the faces better after the intense exercise.Whats more，the memory gains after a singl

35、e workout were similar to the gains after three months of regular exercise.3Limit TV TimeEvery parent and every grandparent has heard that too much screen time can hurt a childs cognitive development. 3 According to a study，people (aged 50 or older) who watched TV for more than 3.5 hours a day for 6

36、 years experienced a greater drop in verbal memory test scores than those who watched less.4Draw AimlesslyResearch showed those who drew the words remembered the most when recalling words.Thats because while some parts of the brain about getting memory back become worse as people grow older，the pict

37、ure processing regions usually dont. 4 5Walk Backward 5 Walk back! Backward motionwhether real，imagined，or watchedhelps people remember the information better than sitting still and，in most cases，better than forward motion.It may be that moving backward in space mentally helps us move back in time t

38、o the moment when we learned something.ASit Straight.BStand Straight.CStart more workouts.DSweat for physical training.EThus sketching can help adults have a good memory.FBut what about those at the other end of their lifespans?GNext time youre trying to recall something，dont just think back.【语篇解读】文

39、章介绍了五种使你有一个好的记忆力的方法，包括进行一次剧烈运动、限制看电视的时间等。1A分析文章结构可知，空处为该部分的小标题，根据本部分中的“When we sit with our shoulders bent forward，this position actually causes us to feel anxious or depressed”以及“an upright posture apparently improves the memory”可知，肩膀前倾的坐姿会引起焦虑或抑郁，而直立的姿势显然可以改善记忆力。故A项符合语境，能概括本段内容。2D根据本部分的标题ExerciseO

40、nce以及该部分中的“On average，people remembered the faces better after the intense exercise”可知，研究表明剧烈运动后人们的记忆力变得更好。而D项“Sweat for physical training”与剧烈运动有关，代入D项后既能回答空前的问句又能与下文衔接，故选D。3F根据本部分第一句中的“hurt a childs cognitive development”可知，第一句讲的是看电视太久对孩子的影响；根据下文中的“aged 50 or older”可知，下文讲的应是看电视太久对老年人的影响。故F项承上启下，与此处

41、匹配。4E根据本部分的标题Draw Aimlessly及对本部分的整体理解可知，本部分讲的是绘画对记忆力的作用，又根据E项中的“sketching”(画素描，画速写)可知，E项符合语境。5G根据该空后的“Walk back！”和本部分最后一句中的“moving backward in space mentally helps us move back in time to the moment when we learned something”可知，G项中的“dont just think back”与空后的内容相呼应，故选G项。.语法填空Baidu is not a doctorWhen

42、people 1._(face) with health or nutrition questions，it is 2._(increasing) common for them to go online and diagnose themselves.But the Internet is full of conflicting health warnings with no regulation to get rid of the wrong advice，some of which 3._(be)extremely dangerous! Furthermore，search engine

43、s rank results by popularity rather 4._ accuracy，so solid facts can be tricky to find.It is worth 5._(check) if the writer of an online piece is properly qualified as an expert.Anyone can call 6._(they) a “ diet expert”，“ nutritionist” and even a “doctor” given that it could refer to qualifications

44、like a PhD.But remember，only officially 7._(recognize) practicing doctors as well as dietitians have rights to give medical 8. _ (suggest)So if you are unsure and still wondering 9._the chocolate diet really does work or not，then it pays to make 10._ appointment with your dietitian or doctor.The tru

45、th is out there，and you just need to look in the right place!【语篇解读】当人们面临健康和营养的问题时，他们通常会上网查询，自我诊断；但网上信息的准确性难以保证，不要完全相信网络上有关健康与营养的建议，要找执业医生或营养师寻求建议。1are faced考查固定用法。be faced with sth.意为“面临/面对某事”，为固定用法。2increasingly考查副词。修饰形容词common要用副词，故填increasingly。3is考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处叙述的为一般情况，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，定语从句

46、的引导词指代先行词“advice”，advice“建议”为不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。4than考查介词。rather than是固定习语。故填than。5checking考查动名词。be worth doing sth.意为“值得做某事”，为固定用法，故填checking 。6themselves考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示任何人都可以称自己为“饮食专家”或“营养师”等。故填反身代词themselves。7recognized考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词recognize和其逻辑主语构成动宾关系，应用其过去分词形式，此处表示只有那些被官方认可的执业医生和营养师才有权利给人们医学建议。故填recognized。8suggestions考查词性转换。形容词修饰名词，且此处表示不止一条建议，故填suggestions。9whether考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，根据该句中的“or not”及语境可知，此处应填whether。10an考查冠词。appointment“约定，预约”为可数名词，此处初次提到，表泛指，且appointment的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。