2019年全国统一高考英语试卷以及答案(全国1卷解析版)-19年全国一英语.docx

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1、第1页（共36页）2019 年全国统一高考英语试卷（全国年全国统一高考英语试卷（全国 1 卷）卷）第一部分第一部分 听力听力（共两节）第一节（共两节）第一节（共共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 7.5 分）分）听下面听下面 5 段对段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is th

2、e shirt？A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是答案是 C1（1.5分）Where does this conversation take place？A.In a classroomB.In a hospitalC.In a museum2（1.5分）What does Jack want to do？ATake fitness classesBBuy a pair of gym shoesCChange his work schedule3（1.5分）What are the speakers talking about？AWhat to drinkBWhere to m

3、eetCWhen toleave4（1.5分）What is the relationship between the speakers？AColleaguesBClassmatesCStrangers5（1.5分）Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation？AShe might want a ticketBShe is looking for the manCShe has an extra ticket第二节（第二节（每小题每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 22.5 分）分）听下面听下面 5 段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个段对话或独白每段对话或

4、独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前，你将有时三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间每段对话或秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍独白读两遍第2页（共36页）6（3分）听材料，回答下列问题（1）How long did James run his business？A10 yearsB13 yearsC15years（2）How does the woman feel about James situ

5、ation？AEmbarrassedBConcernedCDisappointed7（4.5分）听材料，回答下列问题（1）What has Kates mother decided to do？AReturn to schoolBChange her jobCRetire from work（2）What did Kates mother study at college？AOil paintingBArt historyCBusiness administration（3）What is Kates attitude toward her mothers decision？ADisappro

6、vingBAmbiguousCUnderstanding8（4.5分）听材料，回答下列问题（1）What is the man doing？AChairing a meetingBHosting a radio programCConducting a job interview（2）What benefits Mary most in her job？AHer wide readingBHer leaders guidance第3页（共36页）CHer friends help（3）Who will Mary talk about next？AHer teacherBHer fatherCH

7、er mother9（6分）听材料，回答下列问题（1）Why does the man seldom do exercise？AHe lacks motivationBHe has a heart problemCHe works all the time（2）What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do？AHes an athleteBHes a researcherCHes a journalist（3）Why does the woman speak of a study？A.To encourage the manB.To recommend an ex

8、erciseC.To support herfindings（4）How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly？A300minutesB150minutesC75 minutes10（4.5分）听材料，回答下列问题（1）What did the scientists do to the road？AThey repaired itBThey painted itCThey blocked it（2）Why are young birds drawn to the road surface？AIts warmBIts br

9、own第4页（共36页）CIts smooth（3）Whatisthepurposeofthescientistsexperiment？ATo keep the birds there for a wholeyearBTo help students study the birds wellCTo prevent the birds from being killed第二部分第二部分 阅读理解阅读理解（共两节）第一节（共两节）第一节（满分满分 30 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。四个选项中，选出最佳选项。11（6分

10、）Need a Job This Summer？The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students findsummer jobsThe deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the programNot a student？Go to the government website to learn about programs and online toolsavailable to help people under 30 bu

11、ild skills，find a job or start businesses all year roundJobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province，you could be eligible（符合条件）forthis program，Which provides eight weeks ofpaid employment along with trainingWho is eligible：Youth 1518 years old in select communities（社区

12、）Summer CompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhandsonbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3，000 to start and run their own summerbusinessesWho is eligible：Students aged 1529，returning to school in the fallStewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local

13、 natural resourcemanagement projects for eight weeks this summerWho is eligible：Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire，but not turning 18 beforeDecember 31 this yearSummer Employment Opportunities（机会）Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program，students are hired each yearin a variety of summ

14、er positions across the Provincial Public Service，its related agencies andcommunity groups第5页（共36页）Whoiseligible：Studentsaged15orolderSomepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24 or up to 29 for persons with adisability（1）What is special about Summer Company？A.It requires no training before employmentB.It

15、 provides awards for running new businessesC.It allows one to work in the natural environmentD.It offers more summer job opportunities（2）What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program？A1518B1524C1529D1617（3）Which program favors thedisabled？A.Jobs for YouthB.Summer CompanyC.Stewar

16、dship Youth Ranger ProgramD.Summer Employment Opportunities12（8分）For Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue，NY，today is speech day，and right now its Chris Palaezs turn The 8yearold is the joker of the class Withshining dark eyes，he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speakingBut

17、hes nervousIm here to tell you today why you should shouldChris trips ontheld，apronunciationdifficultyformanynonnative Englishspeakers Histeacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering supportVotefor meExceptforsomestumbles，Chris is doing amazingly wellWhen he brings his speech to a nice conclusion

18、，Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise himA son of immigrants，Chris started learning English a little over three yearsago Whaley recalls（回想起）how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroomLearning English as a second language can be

19、 a painful experience What you need is a第6页（共36页）great teacher who lets you make mistakes It takes a lot for any student，Whaley explains，especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confidentenough to say，I dont know，but I want to knowWhaley got the idea of this sec

20、ondgrade presidential campaign project when he askedthe children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president Theanswer broke his heart Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read andspeak in public He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about t

21、hemselvesBoasting about yourself，and your best qualities，Whaley says，is very difficult for achild who came into the classroom not feeling confident（1）What made Chris nervous？A.Telling a storyB.Making a speechC.Taking atestD.Answering a question（2）What does the underlined word stumbles in paragraph 2

22、 referto？A.Improper pausesB.Bad mannersC.Spelling mistakesD.Silly jokes（3）We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys projectis toA.help students see their own strengthsB.assess students public speaking skillsC.prepare students for their future jobsD.inspire students love forpolitics（4）Which of the fol

23、lowing best describes Whaley as a teacher？A.HumorousB.AmbitiousC.CaringD.Demanding第7页（共36页）13（8分）As data and identity theft becomes more and more common，the market is growing forbiometric（生物测量）technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private espaces At present，these technologies are s

24、till expensive，thoughResearchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device（装置）that gets around this problem：a smart keyboardThis smart keyboard precisely measuresthe cadence（节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key Thekeyboard could offer a strong l

25、ayer of security by analyzing things like the force of a userstypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson Thus，the keyboard can determine peoples identities，and by extension，whether they should begiven access to the computer its connected toregardless of whether someone gets

26、 thepassword rightIt also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiarwith Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differentlyIn a study describing the technology，the researchers had 100 volunteers type the wordtouchfour times using the smart keyboard Data collect

27、ed from the device could be used torecognize different participants based on how they typed，with very low error rates Theresearchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and ismostlymadeofinexpensive，plasticlikepartsTheteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenear future（1）Wh

28、y do the researchers develop the smart keyboard？A.To reduce pressure on keysB.To improve accuracy intypingC.To replace the password systemD.To cut the cost of espace protection（2）What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？A.Computers are much easier to operateB.Fingerprint scanning tech

29、niques develop fastC.Typing patterns vary from person to personD.Data security measures are guaranteed第8页（共36页）（3）What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？AItll be environmentfriendlyB.Itll reach consumers soonC.Itll be made ofplasticsD.Itll help speed up typing（4）Where is this text most

30、 likely from？AA diaryBA guidebookCA novelDA magazine14（8分）During the rosy years of elementary school（小学），I enjoyed sharing my dolls andjokes，which allowed me to keep my high social status I was the queen of theplayground Then came my tweens and teens，and mean girls and cool kidsThey rose inthe ranks

31、 not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes，breaking rules and playing jokes onothers，among whom I soon found myselfPopularity is a wellexplored subject in social psychology Mitch Prinstein，aprofessor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and thestatus seekers

32、 The likables playswellwithothers qualities strengthen schoolyardfriendships，jumpstartinterpersonalskillsand，whentappedearly，areemployedeverafter in life and work Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence：statusborn of power and even dishonorable behaviorEnviable as the cool kid

33、s may have seemed，Dr Prinsteins studies show unpleasantconsequences Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhigh school，aswellasthoseleastlikedin elementary school，are most likely to engage（从事）in dangerous and risky behaviorIn one study，Dr Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in235 adolescents，scorin

34、g the least liked，the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys（调查研究）We found that the least wellliked teens had become more aggressive over timetoward their classmates But so had those who were high in status It clearly showed thatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment，highst

35、atushasjusttheoppositeeffectonusDrPrinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on aplay第9页（共36页）datesharing，kindness，openness carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelate and connect with othersIn analyzing his and other research，DrPrinstein came to another concl

36、usion：Not onlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes，butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes，too Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences thathelp somebody gain an advantage，he said（1）What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementaryschoo

37、l？A.UnkindB.LonelyC.GenerousD.Cool（2）What is the second paragraph mainly about？A.The classification of thepopularB.The characteristics of adolescentsC.The importance of interpersonalskillsD.The causes of dishonorable behavior（3）What did Dr Prinsteins study find about the most likedkids？A.They appear

38、ed to be aggressiveB.They tended to be more adaptableC.They enjoyed the highest statusD.They performed well academically（4）What is the best title for the text？A.Be NiceYou Wont FinishLastB.The Higher the Status，the BetterC.Be the BestYou Can MakeItD.More SelfControl，LessAggressiveness第二节（第二节（满分满分 10

39、分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项项中有两项为多余选项15（10分）第10页（共36页）Is Fresh Air Really Good for You？We all grew up hearing people tell us to go out and get some fresh air（1）According to recent studies，theansweris a big YES，ifthe air quality in your camping area isgood

40、（2）If the air youre breathing is cleanwhich it would be if youre away fromthe smog of citiesthen the air is filled with lifegiving，energizingoxygenIf you exerciseoutofdoors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get toyour muscles（肌肉）and your brainRecently，people ha

41、ve begun studying the connection between the natural world andhealing（治愈）（3）In these places patients can go to be near nature during theirrecoveryIt turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower bloodpressure，andputpeopleintoabettermood（情绪）Greeneryis goodforusHospital p

42、atientsWho see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients whosee buildings or skyinstead（4）It gives us a great feeling of peace（5）While the suns rays can age and harm our skin，they also give is beneficialVitamin D To make sure you get enough Vitamin Dbut stil

43、l protect your skin put onsunscreenrightasyouheadoutsideIttakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking，and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of VitaminDA.Fresh air cleans our lungsB.So what are you waiting for？C.BeinginnaturerefreshesusD.Another side benefit of getting fre

44、sh air is sunlightE.But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother alwayssaid？F.Just as importantly，we tend to associate air with healthcareG.All across the country，recovery centers have begun building HealingGardens第三部分第三部分 语言知识运用语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（共两节）第一节（每小题每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从分）阅读下

45、面短文，从短文后各题所给的短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项16（30分）Every year about 40，000peopleattempttoclimb Kilimanjaro，the highest mountainin Africa They（1）with them lots of waste The（2）might damage第11页（共36页）the beauty of the place The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing，changing the（3）ofK

46、ilimanjaroHearing these stories，Im（4）about the place other destinations aredescribed as purer natural experiencesHowever，I soon（5）that much has changed since the days of disturbingreports of（6）among tons of rubbish I find a（7）mountain，with toiletsat camps and along the paths The environmental challe

47、nges are（8）but the effortsmade by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be（9）The best of a Kilimanjaro（10），in my opinion，isnt reaching thetopMountains are（11）as spiritual places by many culturesThis（12）isespecially evident on Kilimanjaro as（13）go through five ecosystems（生态系统）in the space of a

48、 few kilometers At the base is a rainforest It ends abruptly at 3，000meters，（14）landsof lowgrowingplantsFurther up，the weathe（r15）low clouds envelope the mountainsides，which are covered with thick grass I（16）twelve shades of green from where I stand Above 4，000 meters is the highland（17）：gravel（砾石），

49、stonesandrocks（18）you climb into an arcticlike zone with（19）snow and the glaciers that may soon disappearDoes Kilimanjaro（20）its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines oftouristsruiningtheatmosphereof peace？Ifoundthe oppositetobetrue（1）AkeepBmixCconnectDbring（2）AstoriesB buildingsCcrowdsD repor

50、ters（3）ApositionBageCfaceDname（4）A silentB skepticalCseriousD crazy（5）A discoverBargueCdecideD advocate（6）A equipmentBgrassC campsDstones（7）AremoteB quietCallD clean（8）A newB specialCsignificantD necessary（9）A paying offBspreading outCblowing upD fading away第12页（共36页）（10）AatmosphereBexperienceCexper