2022年高考英语真题试卷(新高考全国Ⅰ卷)-含解析.docx
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1、2022年高考英语真题试卷(新高考全国卷)一、阅读 第一节 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A. B. C. D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题,每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)(2022新高考卷)阅读理解Grading Policies for Introduction to LiteratureGrading Scale90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.Essays (60%)Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade fo
2、r this course: Essay 1=10%; Essay 2-15%; Essay 3=15%; Essay 4 =20%.Group Assignments (30%)Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.D
3、aily Work/ln-Class Writings and Test/Group Work/Homework (10%) Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class lecture/discussion, so it is important to take car
4、eful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time. I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.Late WorkAn essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. I
5、f it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will exam a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.1Where is this text probably taken from? AA textbook.BAn exam paper.CA course plan.DAn
6、academic article.2How many parts is a students final grade made up of? ATwo.BThree.CFour.DFive.3What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date? AYou will receive a zero.BYou will lose a letter grade.CYou will be given a test.DYou will have to rewrite it.【答案】1C2B3A【知识点】推理判断题;细节理解
7、题;时文广告类【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。【点评】考查阅读理解,包含细节理解题、推理判断题,是一篇介绍类阅读,注意先略读文章,掌握文章大意,再分析题干及选项,到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1考查推理判断。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature”文学概论课程评分办法;以及Essays (60%)部分中的“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade of for this course :”你的四篇
8、主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分。可知,本文介绍了文学概论课程评分办法,应该出自一个课程计划。故选C。2考查细节理解。根据标题“Essays (60%)”、“Group Assignments (30%)”和“Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework (10%)”可知,学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B。3考查推理判断。根据Late Work部分中的“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. ”如果没
9、有在截止日期后的第4天上交,将会得到零分。可知,如果在截止日期后一周才交文章,你将会得零分。故选A。(2022新高考卷)阅读理解Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck t
10、he chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out. In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, food waste goes against the moral grain, as Elizabeth Royte writes
11、 in this months cover story. Its jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away from ugly (but quite cat able) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources
12、used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world. If thats hard to understand, lets keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curti
13、n sees my arugula story all the time but for him, its more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807, 500 pounds of food by taking d
14、onations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted infields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road. Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just dont think. Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,
15、whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you wont eat. Curtin says. 4What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story? AWe pay little attention to food waste.BWe waste food unintentionally at times.
16、Cwe waste more vegetables than meat.DWe have good reasons for wasting food.5What is a consequence of food waste according to the text? AMoral decline.BEnvironmental harm.CEnergy shortage.DWorldwide starvation.6What does Curtins company do? AIt produces kitchen equipment.BIt turns rotten arugula into
17、 clean fuel.CIt helps local farmers grow fruits.DIt makes meals out of unwanted food.7What does Curtin suggest people do? ABuy only what is needed.BReduce food consumption.CGo shopping once a week.DEat in restaurants less often.【答案】4B5B6D7A【知识点】推理判断题;细节理解题;社会现象类;说明文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象
18、以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。4考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.”像我们大多数人一样,我努力关注那些被浪费的食物;以及“But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way to
19、o much; could have made six salads with what I threw out.”但随着时间的推移,芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是,我不假思索地买了太多东西;我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉。可推知,作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选B。5考查细节理解。根据第三段“Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other, resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem.
20、In fact, Royte writes, if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上,罗伊特写道,“如果食物浪费是一个国家,它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。”可知,根据文中的说法,浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害。故选B。6考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in
21、Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce, that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry t
22、hem for use in meals down the road.”科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官,该公司把食物复原,变成健康的食物。去年,该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品,收回了超过807500磅的食物,否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂。草莓呢?志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥它们,以便在路上的餐食中使用。可知,科廷的公司用人们不想要的食物重新制作食物。故选D。7考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary
23、 in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you wont eat, Curtin says.”“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用,无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物,还是要求餐馆不包括你不吃的配菜,”科廷说。可知,科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物。故选A。(2022新高考卷)阅读理解The elderly residents(居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop
24、 them feeling lonely.The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly peoples wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where he
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