高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点总结带答案第m5283期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点总结带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1、I like reading poems, because poems can certain.A. convey; emotionB. convey; emotionsC. express; emotionsD. explain; emotions2、For countries such as Costa Rica, Kenya and Nepal, ecotourism is an important part of the.A. politicsB. historyC. geographyD. economy

2、The green watch is $199 and the red one is $195. There is not much in price.A. opinionB. changeC. decisionD. differenceThe government declared financial assistance would by those in the training courses.A. obtain;employeeB. be obtained; employmentC. be obtained; employeeD. obtain;employment5、America

3、ns eat vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.A. more than twiceB. twice as many asC. as twice as manyD. more than twice as many6、Zhanguimeis selfless to the cause of education is well known, and all her students respect and love her.A. faultB. complexityC. devotionD. agonyThe offers a wide

4、 choice of hotels, apartments and holiday homes.A. disasterB. pathC. brochureD. personalityWe have moved into a three-room flat so far. Our room is between.A. Marys and HelensB. Mary and HelensC. Mary and HelenD. Marys and Helen7、 Kens father is an athlete, and Ken has the similar for sports.A. enth

5、usiasmB. sustainabilityC. extent 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当船即将漂浮时，船长别无选择，只能下令弃船。A.time时间；B. power力量；C.option选择；D. strength力气。固定短语have no option but to do sth,意为“除了 别无选择，该空应该填 名词option,符合句意及其语法结构。应选C项。16、答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：为了保卫祖国，许多人献出了生命。固定短语in defence of保护，为了保卫，后常接名词 作宾语。应选C项。17、答案：D解析：考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：自然选择确保只有适者生存，将基

6、因传给下一代。A. Virtual reality虚拟现实;Wearable tech可穿戴技术；C.Field research实地研究；D. Natural selection自然选择。根据后文句意可知, 自然选择确定了适者生存的丛林法那么。应选D项。18、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们班就是否减少家庭作业进行了激烈的辩论。A. bargain减价品，廉价货；B.contest比赛，竞赛；C. debate辩论，讨论;D.campaign（有计划的）活动，运动。根据主语为Our class（我们班） 以及后文“whether to reduce the amount of ho

7、mework or not（是否要减少作业量）可知，此处应是一场班级内部 的辩论。应选C项。19、答案：A解析：考查感叹句。句意：自从他来到这所语言学校以来，他取得了多大的进步啊！分析句子结构可知，此处为感 叹句，句型为：what+a/an+adj.+n.+S+V!,排除B项和D项；此处修饰的名词progress是不可数名词，不用 冠词a限定，排除C项。应选A。20、答案：D10解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当他正开着大卡车的时候，他和死神有一个亲密接触。A.confusing adj.难 以理解的；B bination n,结合（体）n.联合（体）；C.criticize v.批评，

8、指责；D.encounter n.遭遇,偶遇。 根据句子结构可知，这里需要名词，被形容词close修饰，做动词had的宾语，分析句子意思可知，他是卡车 司机，正在开车的时候应该是很危险的事情发生，所以是和死神有一个亲密接触，意思符合句意。应选D。21、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不吸烟的人比吸烟的人患肺癌的可能性小。A. potential可能性；潜在性；B. cause 原因；C. hope希望；D. choice选择。结合语境可知，句中将不吸烟的人与吸烟的人在患肺癌方面的可能 性（大小）方面进行了比拟。“have potential of doing sth,固定短语，意为侑做某

9、事的可能性”,符合语境搭 配。应选A项。22、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：欢迎所有申请，但有潜水资格者优先。A. waist腰部；B.qualifications资格；C. salary薪水；D. leisure休闲。根据前文All applications welcome”可知，此处指有潜水资格的人。应选B项。23、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我写信是想请你帮我一个忙。A. trunk树干；B.favour帮助；C.concept概念；D. counter 柜台。根据上文Im writing to ask you to do me a指帮某人一个忙，应用 do sb. a

10、 favour。应选 B。24、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：迪士尼乐园为人们提供多种娱乐形式。A. endurance忍耐力；持久力；B. emotions 情感；C. entertainments 娱乐；D. equations 方程式。根据上文“Disneyland offer people many forms of”可知迪士尼乐园提供的是娱乐形式。应选C。1125、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：女孩通常缺乏自信，而男孩往往高估自己的能力。A. confidence自信；B. challenge 挑战；C. impression 印象;D. intelligence 智

11、力。根据While和“boys often overestimate their abilities.”可知，男 孩和女孩进行比照，女孩缺乏自信。应选A。26、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：东西方文化之间有一个明显的差异。A.content内容；B. contrast差异，比照； C.contract合同；D.contact联系。根据the West and East.”可知,东西方文化之间有一个明显的差异。应选B 项。小提示：27、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：日落是非常美丽的景色。A. sight景色;B. registration注册;C.nation国家;D.volun

12、teer志愿者。由上文“The sunset可知，日落是美丽的景色，应选A。28、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天前，这个幸运的人在一系列事故中死里逃生。A. escape逃离；B.claim声称； Clack缺乏；D. limit限制。根据lucky man,此处描述男人是幸运的，所以是男人逃离了事故，A项符合句意, 应选A项。29、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国对其气候目标的承诺给我留下了深刻印象，我们确信中国提前三年实现了2020 年的目标。A.evolution 进化;B.innovation 创新；C mitment 承诺；D.qualification 资格。

13、由“to its12climate goals可知，句子表示中国对其气候目标的承诺，因此空格处是承诺，应选C。30、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他因所扮演的角色而获奖。A.award奖；B.permission许可;C.strength优点; D.debt债。根据for the role he played.”可知,他因角色获奖了，应选A。小提示：31、答案：A解析：考查名词和动词短语辨析。句意：一些骑自行车的人认为交通法规不适用于他们。但事实并非如此。A.assumption 认为；apply to 适用；B. thought 想法；apply to 适用；C. assuming

14、认为（动名词）；apply for 申 请；D. idea想法；apply for申请。根据句意，第一空应填名词assumption认为作宾语，that引导的同位语从 句对其进行解释说明；第二空，表示适用为固定短语apply to。应选A。32、答案：A解析：考查名词和形容词。句意：令他父母失望的是，他们的儿子总是让他们对他的学习感到失望。to one，s disappointment意为令某人失望的是，为固定搭配，此处用名词disappointment表示失望作介词to的宾 语。be disappointed at意为“对感到失望”，为固定搭配,形容词disappointed意为感到失望的，

15、说明人 的性质状态，此处作宾语them的宾语补足语；形容词disappointing （令人失望的）说明事物的性质状态。应选 Ao33答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：没有人员伤亡。A. dead死的；B.death死亡；C.deaths死亡（复数）；D. dying临死的。分 析句子可知，no为形容词，意为（一个也）没有，后接名词，death意为死亡，为可数名词，根据句中 “injuries可知，空格处应用death的复数形式“deaths。应选C项。1334、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究说明体罚和智商之间有很强的关联。A. connection关联，关系；B. condition

16、 条件，状况;C.organization组织；D.cooperation合作。结合句意可知,此处指研究说明两者之间有关联。 应选A项。35、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为总统的突然离世，整个国家陷入一片混乱。A. chorus合唱队，歌舞队；B. chaos混乱，混沌；C. circle圆圈，周期；D. claim索要、声明。由语意可知，总统突然离世，造成的后果通常 是国家一时无主，所以陷入混乱之中。应选B项。36、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们制造运载工具，把勇敢的人送入太空，探索宇宙的秘密。A. transport运输；B. vehicle车辆，运载工具;C. t

17、ransportation运输工具。根据to carry brave people into space”可知,他们制造运 载工具将人送入太空。名词vehicle为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。应选D。37、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让团队成员表现得更好，教练首先必须知道他们的长处和缺点。A. strengths 优点；B. benefits利益;C.values价值；D. manners礼貌。根据后文“and weaknesses可知指优点、长处和缺 点，应用strengths。应选A。38、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为一本好词典应该定期增加新内容

18、。A. gaps隔阂，代沟；B.length长 度；C. intervals间隔，间歇；D.distance距离。结合句意表达“定期用at regula门ntervals。应选C。1439、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚当想继续写小说，但他的作业太多了。他很难在爱好和学习之间找到平衡。A.balance 平衡；B. possibility 可能性；C. relationship 关系；D. suggestion 建议。根据his hobbies和his study可 知，此处表示在爱好和学习之间找到平衡。应选A。40、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里，我们看到中国

19、科幻作家的作品赢得了国际奖项。A. consideration 考虑；B. standard标准；C.reward奖励，奖项；D.recognition识别。由语意可知作品赢得了国际奖项。应选C 项。41、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须仔细阅读药瓶上的说明，然后服用正确的剂量。A. explanations解释；B.introductions 介绍;C. constrictions 压缩;D. instructions 说明。根据句中“take the right amount of medicine,/nJ 推知，要读的是用药说明，instructions常用复数形式，表示说明

20、，说明书，符合句意。应选D项。42、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从上下文中理解一个新词或短语的意思是完全可能的。A. context上下文，语境；B.accent 口音；C. sense 感觉，意识；D. character 性格。根据句意和句中“understand the meaning of a new word or phrase可知，我们应该通过上下文理解一个新词或短语的意思，context意为上下文，语境，符 合句意。应选A项。43、答案：C解析：考查固定搭配。句意：你的车使用不到一年，所以仍在保修期内。A. boundary边界；B.tailor裁剪；C.15 guar

21、antee保证；担保；D. arrangement安排。分析句子并结合句意可知，此处为固定搭配under guarantee,意为在保修期内。应选C。44、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须启动发动机才能使汽车开动。A.investigation调查；B.engine发动机；C.struggle斗争；D.performance表现。根据句意表示使汽车开动，可知应填入发动机。应选B。45、答案：A解析：考查名词复数和助动词用法。句意：虽然我的新手机有很多功能，但运行不太好。function作名词意为功能, 为可数名词，在many后应用复数形式。function作动词意为运行，在助动词d

22、o或does后应用原形。应选Ao46、答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：如果人类不为未来着想而继续浪费自然资源，后代将处于危险之中。A.representatives代表;B operators经营者;C.generations世代；D.candidates候选人。结合句意,后代将会处于危险之中。应选C。47、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于干旱和歉收，数百万人正遭受饥饿之苦。A.juniors青少年；B.magnitude巨大;C.drought干旱；D. request要求。根据后文“and poor harvests可知，因为干旱和歉收，所以数百万人正遭受饥饿之苦。应选C。48、答

23、案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈利波特的作者J.K.罗琳在写作中经历了许多困难。A.car汽车；B. hint暗示;C poster海报;D.author作者。根据句意和常识可知，J.K. Rowling是哈利波特的作者，用名词author,16意为作者。应选D项。49、答案：D解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤米，快跑!快点!房子着火了!母亲喊道，声音里明显流露出恐慌。Aanger愤怒, 生气；B.confusion困惑；C.regret后悔,遗憾；D.panic惊慌，恐慌。根据The house is on fire!可知他母亲是恐 慌地大喊。应选D项。小提示:50、答案：D解析:

24、考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有她的允许你不能拍照。A.adventure冒险；B.fault过错；C.patience耐心；0.permission允许。由You can】 take photos without her”可知，句子意为“没有她的允许你不能拍照”,因此空 格处为允许，应选D。51、答案：B解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：长城是一个伟大的旅游景点，每年吸引数以百万计的游客。A. attention注意力；B.attraction 有吸引力的事物;C. appointment 约会；D. arrangement 安排。/zdrawing millions of visitors ev

25、ery year可知，应使用名词attraction构成名词词组tourist attraction,意为“旅游景点。应选B项。52、答案：C解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预，这是一 个针对学业需求的特定工程 o A. comparison 比照;B. accumulation 积累;C. intervention 干预；D. conservation保护。由When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math可知,句子表示“当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学

26、校可能会提供教学干预，空格处意为干预，应选C。53、答案：A17解析：考查名词词义辨析和短语。句意：这个工程目标是给农村人提供使用平安饮水的机会。A.access接触；B.passage通道；C.way方式；D.approach方法。根据accessto （使用.的机会）可知空格处填access。应选Ao54、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生的年龄从17岁到21岁不等，平均年龄为19岁。A. average平均；B.usual通 常；C. normal正常；D.regular常客，主力。结合from 17 to 21可知,此处指平均年龄是19岁，应选A项。55、答案：D解析：考查名词

27、词义辨析。句意:他是我的好伙伴，我们可以连续谈上几个小时。A. component组成局部；B.committee 委员会;C. community 社区;D. companion 同伴。根据前文He及后文we can talk for hours on end” 可知，此处指同伴；伙伴。应选D项。1810 If we had taken such effective much earlier, the river would not be polluted so seriously now.A. treasuresB. effortsmeasuresD. concerns11、 are ke

28、pt on the firm for their meat or milk.A. 200 head cattleB. 200 head of cattleC. 200 head cattlesD. 200 heads of cattle12 The number of the people using Huawei is getting larger and largerA. culturesB. customersC. historiesD. products13、Not knowing what the future will bring hardly seems a(n)for doin

29、g nothing.A. argumentB. resourceC. performanceD. authority14、Typically, a mountain range will be the boundary between the area of two poleis (城邦)or a of water,because Greece has the sea winding through it everywhere.A. stretchB. pickC. profileD. division15 When the ship was about to sink, the captai

30、n had no but to give orders to abandon the ship.A. timeB. powerC. optionD. strength16 In of our motherland, a large number of people lost their lives.A. defendB. defendsC. defenceD. defendingensures only the fittest survive to pass their genes on to the next generation.A. Virtual realityB. Wearable

31、techC. Field researchD. Natural selection18、Our class held a fierce as to whether to reduce the amount of homework or not.A. bargainB. contestC. debateD. campaign19、progress he has made since he came to this language school!2A. What muchB. How muchC. What a greatD. How great 20、One day while he was

32、working as a lorry driver he had a close with death.A. confusingB. combinationC. criticizeD. encounter21 People who do not smoke have less of suffering from lung cancer than those who do so.A. potentials. causeC. hopeD. choiceAll applications welcome, but preference will be given to those with divin

33、g.A. waistB. qualificationsC. salaryD. leisureIm writing to ask you to do me a.A. trunkB. favourC. conceptD. counter24 Disneyland offer people many forms of.A. enduranceB. emotionsC. entertainmentsD. equationsWhile girls in general lack, boys often overestimate their abilities.A. confidences. challe

34、ngeC. impressionD. intelligenceThere is an obvious between the cultures of the West and East.A. contentB. contrastC. contractD. contactThe sunset was a very beautiful.A. sightB. registrationC. nationD. volunteer28 The lucky man had a narrow in series of accidents the other day.A. escapeB. claimC. la

35、ckD. limitI am impressed with Chinas to its climate goals, evidenced by the fact we are sure of that China hasmet its 2020 targets three years ahead of schedule.A. evolutionB. innovationC. commitmentD. qualification30、He received an for the role he played.A. awardB. permissionC. strengthD. debtSome

36、cyclists make the that traffic laws do not them. It is not true, though.A. assumption; apply toB. thought; apply toC. assuming; apply forD. idea; apply for31、 To his parents, their son always makes them at his study.A. disappointment; disappointedB. disappointed; disappointingC. disappointing; disap

37、pointedD. disappointing; disappointment32、 No, no injuries.A. deadB. deathC. deathsD. dyingStudy shows that there is strong between physical punishment and the IQ.A. connectionB. conditionC. organizationD. cooperation35、The country was thrown into by the Presidents sudden death.A. chorusB. chaosC. c

38、ircleD. claimThey make to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.A. transports. vehicleC. transportationD. vehicles37、To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their and weaknesses.A. strengthsB. benefitsC. valuesD. manners38 It is

39、generally agreed that new contents should be added to a good dictionary at regular.A. gapsB. lengthC. intervalsD. distanceAdam wants to keep writing novels but he has too much homework. He has difficulty finding a between his hobbies and his study.A. balanceB. possibilityC. relationshipD. suggestion

40、In the past few years, weve seen works by Chinese sci-fi writers winning international.4A. considerationB. standardC. rewardD. recognitionYou must read the on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanationsB. introductionsC. constrictionsD. instructions42 It is quite possible to und

41、erstand the meaning of a new word or phrase from theA. contexts. accentC. senseD. characterYour car is less than a year old, so it is still under.A. boundaryB. tailorC. guaranteeD. arrangement44、You/ve got to start the to get the car going.A. investigationB. engineC. struggleD. performance45 Althoug

42、h my new cellphone has many it doesnt well.A. functions, functions, function, functionsC. functions, functionsD. functionjunction46、 If man continued to waste natural resources with no thought for the future, the later would be in danger.A. representativesB. operatorsC. generationsD. candidatesMilli

43、ons of people are suffering from starvation as a result of and poor harvests.A. juniorsB. magnitudeC. droughtD. requestJ.K. Rowling, the of Harry Potter, has gone through many difficulties in her writing.A. carB. hintC. posterD. author49 “Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shout

44、ed, with clearly in her voice.A. angerB. confusionC. regretD. panicYou can/t take photos without her.A. adventureB. faultC. patienceD. permission51、The Great Wall is a great tourist, drawing millions of visitors every year.A. attentions. attractionC. appointmentD. arrangementWhen kids are struggling

45、 with subjects like reading or math, schools may provide teaching, a specific program to address academic needs.A. comparisonB. accumulationC. interventionD. conservation53、The program is aimed to give the people in the countryside to safe drinking water.A. accessB. passageC. wayD. approachThe age o

46、f the students ranged from 17 to 21 with a (n)of 19.A. averageB. usualC. normalD. regular55、He is a wonderful of mine and we can talk for hours on end.B. componentB. committeeC. communityD. companion高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点总结带答案参考答案1、答案：B解析：考查动词和名词。句意：我喜欢读诗，因为诗歌能够表达特定的情感。A/B/C/D四个选项中的convey和 emotion意为传递；传达

47、和情感；情绪。第一个空格处由前面的情态动词应填写动词原形，第二个空格根 据句意可知，不同诗歌传达的应是不同的情感，故应填写复数形式的名词。应选B项。2、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于哥斯达黎加、肯尼亚和尼泊尔等国来说，生态旅游是经济的重要组成局部。A. politics政治；B.history历史;C.geography地理；D. economy经济。根据语意分析,可知生态旅游与经济有 关，D. economy经济”符合语境。应选D项。3、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：绿色的手表是199美元，红色的是195美元。价钱没有太大的差异。A. opinion观 点；B. chan

48、ge 改变；C. decision 决定；D. difference 区别。结合上文 The green watch is $199 and the red one is$195.可知指价钱方面没有太大的区别，应用difference。应选D。4、答案：B解析：考查被动语态和名词。句意：政府宣称资助将由参加就业培训课程的人士获得。由by可知，第一空处用被动 语态，would是情态动词，其后跟be done,因此第一空是be obtained；根据句意可知，training courses意为“就业培训课程”,空格处用名词employment作定语，修饰training courses,应选B。5、答案：D解析：考查倍数表达法。句意：美国人现在吃的蔬菜是他们在1910年吃的蔬菜的2倍多。根据句子结构和意思可知, 这里考查倍数表达法，倍数要放在比拟结构as+adj.+n