高中英语高考英语名词笔记重点大全带答案第a4559期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词笔记重点大全带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1、 Many people make a sharp between humans and other animals.A. balanceB. examinationC. distinctionD. conclusion答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人把人类和其他动物区分得很清楚。A. balance平衡；B.examination检查；C. distinction区分；D. conclusion结论。根据后文“between humans and other animals指区分人类和其它动物，应 用 di

2、stinction。应选 C。2、 In the lab, keeping things clean and organized can help provide a safer.A. systemB. methodC. investmentD. environment答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：在实验室里，保持物品的清洁和有序有助于提供一个更平安的环境。A. system体系，系统; B. method方法；C.investment投资；D.environment环境。根据常识可知，保持物品清洁有序可以创造更安 全的实验环境（environment）。应选D项。3、Finally, the

3、 man became ill under the great of work.A. frightenedB. lovelyC. pressureD. unfamiliar答案：c解析：考查名词和形容词辨析。句意：最后，这个人在巨大的工作压力下病倒了。A. frightened害怕的；B. lovely可 爱的；C. pressure压力；D.unfamiliar不熟悉的。结合句意和空格前定冠词the,以及作定语的形容词great可 知，应填入名词pressure（压力）作宾语,且underpressure是常用词组,表示“承受压力。应选C项。4、What was the of the foo

4、tball match last night?答案：c 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位官员坚持说，迈克尔在申请签证时没有按照正确的程序。A. declaration宣布;B gravity重力;C. procedure程序;D. porcelain瓷器。根据applying for a visa可知，签证要按照程序申请。应选CoThe Chinese volleyball team won the World Cup victory, which was beyond our wildest.A. inspirations. expectationsC. invitationsD. coo

5、peration答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国排球队赢得了世界杯的胜利，这大大超出我们的预料。A. inspiration灵感；B. expectations期望；预料；C.invitations邀请;D.cooperation合作。根据句意可知,中国排球队赢得世界杯的 胜利，所以这出乎我们的意料,beyond ones expectation表示“超出某人的预料”,应选B。31、Its wrong for someone in such a high in the government to behave too badly in public.A. situations. em

6、ploymentC. professionD. position答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在政府中处于如此高位的人在公共场合表现得太糟糕是错误的。A. situation形势;employment 雇佣；C. profession 职业，专业；D. position 位置。根据空后“in the government to behave too badly in public.”可知，空处需用名词position,表示在政府中处于如此高位的人在公众场合表现糟糕是错误的。 应选Do32、 I like the style of his writing but I dont like

7、the.A. confidenceB. flightC. contentD. track答案：C 解析:10 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢他的写作风格，但不喜欢内容。A.confidence自信心；B.flight航班；C.content内容；D.track轨迹。根据句意以及转折关系可知，跟写作方面有关的就是写作的风格和内容。应选Co33、Yuan Longping devoted his life to the research and development of high-yielding rice, making outstanding contributions to Chinas

8、 food.A. lackB. cuisineC. securityD. purchase答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：袁隆平一生致力于高产水稻的研究和开发，为中国的粮食平安做出了杰出的贡献。A. lack缺乏；B. cuisine风味;A security平安;D.purchase采购。由语意可知,袁隆平一生致力于研究高产、 平安的水稻。应选C项。34、The royal family has announced that the of the new baby is female.A. weightB. issueC. gender答案：c解析：考查名词。句意：皇室宣布新生儿的性别

9、为女性。A.weight重量；B.issue问题；C.gender性别。根据空格后 female可知，空格处指性别。应选C。35、 We have a lot of for the single mother, for she had to bring up the children on her own.A. confidenceB. ambitionC. courageD. sympathy答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很同情这个单亲妈妈，因为她必须单独抚养孩子。A.confidence信心；B.ambition 抱负；C. courage 勇气；D.sympathy 同情。

10、根据后文“for she had to bring up the children on her own（因为她必须单独抚养孩子）可知，此处表示我们同情她。应选D。1136、Nowadays, food safety has become the of the government as well as the society.A. advantages. focusC. companyD. anger答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，食品平安以及成为政府和社会关注的焦点。A. advantage优点；B.focus焦 点；C pany公司，陪伴；D.anger愤怒。根据句意，政府和

11、社会关注食品平安，应选B项。37、 Every Cannon digital camera we sell comes with a two-year.A. guarantees. safetyC. protectionD. promise答案：A解析：考查名词辨析。句意：我们出售的每台佳能数码相机都有两年的保修期。A. guarantee保修；B.safety平安；C. protection 保护；D. promise 承诺。根据Cannon digital camera we sell及two-year”可知，出售的相机产品会 有保修期。应选A。38、 The police ordered

12、 him not to leave the city without.A. atmosphereB. baconC. curiosityD. permission答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：警察命令他未经允许不得离开这座城市。A. atmosphere气氛；B.bacon熏肉；C. curiosity好奇心；D. permission许可。由The police ordered him可知，此处应该是“未经允许不得离开这座城 市，permission符合句意。应选D项。39 Anyway, whether they like it or not, they do give peopl

13、e a very good.A. impressionB. impressC. impressiveD. impressed答案：A12解析：考查名词。句意：不管怎样，不管他们喜欢与否，他们确实给人们一个很好的印象。A.impression印象； B.impress留下深刻印象；C.impressive令人印象深刻的;D.impressed印象深刻的。a very good后跟名词的单 数形式，因此空格处是“impression”,应选A。40、 The only thing he listened to while up was Jazz music, for which he showed

14、 a particular.A. grew; preferences, was growing; interestC. grown; interestD. growing; preference答案：D解析：考查省略和名词词义辨析。句意：在他成长的过程中，他听的唯一的音乐就是爵士乐，因此他对爵士乐有特 殊的偏爱。while引导时间状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，那么从句的主语和be动词都可 以省略，所以 while （he was） growing。preference （爱好，偏爱的事物）；interest （兴趣）。show a preference （表 现出偏爱）。根据Th

15、e only thing he listened to while up was Jazz music可知，他对爵士乐有特殊的偏爱。应选D。41、 As you know, the of any species is largely influenced by its connections with other species.A. evolutionB. conclusionC. appreciationD. association答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如你所知，任何物种的进化在很大程度上都受其与其他物种的联系的影响。A. evolution 进化；B. conclusio

16、n 结论；C. appreciation 欣赏；D. association 联盟。根据句中的“species（物种）可知, evolution进化符合句意。应选A。42、 The whole have been hunting for the missing child.A. broadcastB. strategyC. contributionD. neighborhood答案：D13解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个社区的人都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。A.broadcast广播；B.strategy策略； contribution贡献；D.neighborhood街坊。根据句意并结合各选项

17、可知，是大家都在寻找丧失的孩子。应选Do43、The athletes are anxiously waiting for the final of the game, because it is essential for them to go intothe next round.A. outcomeB. outlineC. comebackD. cooperation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：运发动们正在焦急地等待着比赛的最终结果，因为这是进入下一轮所必需的。A.outcome结果；B.outline概述；C eback重返；D.cooperation合作。根据句意本句指比赛

18、结果。应选A。44 The only way to improve is through hard work and strong.A. confirmationB. registrationC. perseveranceD. significance答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:进步的唯一途径是通过努力和坚强的毅力。A. confirmation确认，证实；B.registration登记，注册；C.perseverance毅力；D.significance重要性。根据句意及常识可知，只有通过努力和坚定的毅力才能取得进步。应选C。45、 Weve had a few, but wer

19、e still good friends.A. disagreeB. disagreesC. disagreementD. disagreements答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：我们有过一些分歧，但我们仍然是好朋友。分析句子可知，设空处单词在句中作宾语，应14用名词，disagree意为不同意,动词词性,故A和B排除，disagreement意为分歧,为可数名词,句中“a few意为一些，几个，后接可数名词复数形式，故空格处应用disagreement的复数形式disagreements”。 应选D项。46、 The plan was so shallow and impractical t

20、hat no serious was ever made to realize it.A. achievementB. commentC. attemptD. credit答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个计划是如此浅薄和不切实际，以至于从来没有人认真尝试去实现它。A.achievement 成就；B. comment 评论；C. attempt 尝试；D. credit 信用。 根据“The plan was so shallow and impractical可知，没有人进行认真的尝试来实现这个计划。应选C。47、He, who had been granted （准许）an of

21、 his contract with the club for another two years, was over themoon.A. visionB. extensionC. assumptionD. consumption答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他被俱乐部准许将合同再延长两年，这真是太高兴了。A. vision视力、视野；B.extension延长；C.assumption假定;D.consumption消费、消耗量。根据句意可知，合同续约了,他非常高兴，因此合同延长符合语境。应选B项。48 Much to my, the city has developed rapi

22、dly over the years.A. amazeB. amazedC. amazementD. amazing答案：c解析：考查名词。句意：令我惊讶的是，这些年来这个城市开展的十分迅速。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语toones amazement,意为“令某人吃惊的是，形容词性物主代词后接名词作宾语。应选C。15小提示:49、 Though there is a long between Tom and his family, they dont feel.A. distance; distanceB. distant; distantC. distance; distantD. dis

23、tant; distance答案：c解析：考查名词和动词。句意：虽然汤姆和他的家人之间距离很远，但他们并不感到疏远。long是形容词，修饰名 词，因此第一空是名词distance,前面有a,因此空格处用单数，feel是感官动词，其后跟形容词作表语，因 此第二空是distant。应选C。50、Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12, many students have to make use of their lunchbreak to finish homework.A. scheduleB. pressureC. perfor

24、manceD. impression答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于12年级的时间紧课业重，很多学生不得不利用午休时间完成作业。A.schedule时间表；B. pressure压力；C.performance表现；D.impression印象。由语意可知，很多学生不得不 利用午休时间完成作业，说明他们的时间安排紧张。应选A项。51 Miss Sweets smile always makes me feel warm and lively. Its like a hidden to me.A. treasureB. traditionC. interviewD. competiti

25、on答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯威特小姐的微笑总是让我感到温暖和活泼。对我来说，它就像一个隐藏的宝藏。A. treasure 宝藏；B. tradition 传统；C. interview 采访；D. competition 竞争。根据Miss Sweets smile always makes me feel warm and lively.可知，斯威特小姐的微笑总是让我感到温暖和活泼，这对于我来说应该是像一个隐藏的宝藏。应选A项。1652、Most vegetables we buy in winter are planted in the.A. packageB. credi

26、tC. arrangementD. greenhouse答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们冬天买的大局部蔬菜都种在温室里。A. package包裹；B.credit信用，学分， 赞扬；C. arrangement安排；D. greenhouse温室。根据常识可知，冬天买的蔬菜大局部是生长在温室里的。故 选DoWhat we say should be consistent with what we do. There should not be in our words and actions.A. conservationB. contradictionC. consequenceD

27、. consultation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们说的应该和做的一致。我们的言行不应该有矛盾。A. conservation保护;B. contradiction 矛盾；C. consequence 结果；D. consultation 咨询。 根据上文What we say should be consistent with what we do.”可知，指言行不矛盾，应用contradiction。应选B。54、There is a great of information that points to him as being the person planning

28、the accident.A. applications. recreationC. abundance答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有大量的信息说明他是筹划这次事故的人。A. application申请；B. recreation娱乐, 消遣；C.abundance大量。根据句意可知,句中涉及固定短语a great abundance of，意为大量的,丰富 的，句中表示“大量的信息，abundance意为大量，名词词性。应选C项。55、The university will reach its of 5,000 students next September.A. accountB

29、. benefitC. targetD. process17答案：c 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这所大学明年9月将到达招收5000名学生的目标。A. account账户；B.benefit利 益；C. target目标；D.process过程。由reach和“5,000 students next September”可知，句子表示“这所大学明 年9月将到达招收5000名学生的目标,因此空格处是目标，是target,应选C。18AC Milan won the game.A. valueB. resultC. choiceD. decision答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一昨晚

30、足球比赛的结果是什么？ 一一AC米兰赢了。A. value价值；B.result结果;C. choice选择；D. decision决定。根据答语AC Milan won the game.可知此处是在问比赛结果,应选B。5、The lecture Jack Ma made in the 2018 Shanghai Forum of Zhejiang Merchants left us with a wonderful he gave us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.A. associati

31、onB. functionC. satisfactionD. impression答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：马云在2018年上海浙商论坛上的演讲给我们留下了很好的印象，他对未来的商业 会是什么样子做了很好的描述。A. association联系;B. function功能;C. satisfaction满足；D. impression印象。 根据后文“he gave us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.（他对未来的商业会是什么样子 做了很好的描述。）可知，因为对未来商业有很好的描述，

32、所以此处表示给我们留下了好的印象。应选D。6、Jamie deserves the for trying his best to save the drowning boy.A. creditB. blameC. shockD. stress答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰米竭尽全力抢救落水男孩，值得赞扬。A. credit赞扬；B. blame责备；C. shock 震惊；D.stress 压力。根据后文“for trying his best to save the drowning boy可知是值得赞扬，应用 credit。故 选Ao7、The of the group that

33、 will be studied depends on the interests of the researcher: all high schoolstudents, all college students, or half high school students and half college students.A. ingredientB. conventionC. compoundD. composition答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被研究小组的组成取决于研究人员的兴趣：所有高中生，所有大学生，或者一半 高中生一半大学生。A. ingredient原料，成分；B.

34、convention习俗，惯例，大会;C pound混合物,合成 词；D. composition成分构成，组成，创作。由语意可知，composition成分构成，组成符合题意。应选D项。8、Her own experience as a child was marked with adversity in her youth, she was rejected from a preschool and called horrible names, even by adults.（找出划线单词的同义词或英文解释）A. fortuneB. hardshipsC. prideD. kindness

35、答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：她的童年经历充满了逆境和不顺一一小时候她被幼儿园拒收，就连大人都用难听的名字称 呼她。A. fortune运气；B.hardships逆境,艰难；C.pride自豪;D.kindness善行。根据后文“she was rejected from a preschool and called horrible names, even by adults”可知，她的童年是充满挫折和不顺的,所以划线词所 指的也应该是这种意思，与B选项含义相同。应选B项。9、 Mr. Wang was a man of before he turned.A. success, a wri

36、terB. a success, writerC. success, writerD. a success, a money答案：c解析：考查名词辨析。句意：王先生在成为作家之前是个成功人士。success成功，不可数名词。假设作可数名词，抽 象名词具体化，表示“一个成功的人或事情。此处前面已经有a,故of后面不用冠词a。a man of success一个 成功的人。turn为系动词，后面接名词作表语，turn writer成为作家，不用冠词，表示概念。应选C项。10 A poor economy has caused the of thousands of small businesses

37、.3A. complexityB. collapseC. convenienceD. correction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：经济不景气导致成千上万的小企业倒闭。A. complexity复杂性；B. collapse倒闭；C. convenience方便；D. correction改正。根据上文A poor economy has caused”指经济不景气导致小企业倒闭, 应用collapseo应选Bo11、We can see monuments here and there. Those who have made great to human beings and

38、society willnever be forgotten.A. conclusionsB. attractionsC. contributionsD. achievements答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以看到到处都是纪念碑。那些对人类和社会做出过重大贡献的人将永远不 会被忘记。A.conclusionsB.attractions 吸引力；C.contributions 贡献;D.achievements 成就。结合句意，此处是短语：make great contributions to,意为“对做出重大贡献。应选C。12、 Youll get a false of the

39、 town if you only visit the university.A. impressionB. companyC. youthD. rent答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你只参观大学，你会对这个城市产生错误的印象。A.impression印象；B pany公司;C.youth青春;D.rent租金。结合visit the university”和选项可推知,句中谈论的是对大学和 城市的印象，a false impression错误的印象，符合语境。应选A。13、Primary school teachers use a lot of aids in their cla

40、ss activities to make their teaching easier.A. medicalB. visualC. firstD. band答案：B 解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：小学教师在课堂活动中使用大量的视觉教具，使教学更容易。A. medical 医疗的；B. visual视觉的；C.first第一的;Dband乐队。根据Primary school teachers ”可知，小学老师需要使 用视觉教具。应选B。14、 During the department stores annual autumn, all clothing will be half pr

41、ice.A. engagementB. promotionC. interaction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在百货公司一年一度的秋季促销期间，所有的衣服都是半价。A. engagement约定; B. promotion促销活动;C. interaction互动。根据后文“all clothing will be half price.”可知，因为所有的衣服半价 销售，所有此处指百货公司在促销。应选B。15、Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12, many students have to make use of

42、 their lunchbreak to finish homework.A. scheduleB. investigationC. performanceD. impression答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于高三年级课业紧张，课业繁重，许多学生不得不利用午休时间来完成作业。A. schedule 日程安井F； B. investigation 调查；C. performance 表现；D. impression EfJ象。 根据“heavy workload of Grade 12可知，高三年级日程安排紧张。应选A项。16、 Having read the advertisem

43、ent for the qualified employees, a great many answered the call.A. ancestorsB. applicantsC. operatorsD. boarders答案：B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:读了招聘合格员工的广告后，很多求职者都应征了。A. ancestors祖先；B.applicants 申请人，求职者；C. operators 操作员；D. boarders 寄宿者。根据上文Having read the advertisement for the qualified employees”可知此处指求职者应征，应用

44、applicantSo应选B。17、 The teacher often makes a(n)on how different the two boys are.A. commentB. decisionC. impressionD. effect答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：老师经常评论这两个男孩有多么不同。A ment评论；B.decision决定；C.impression印 象；D.effect影响。根据后句on how different the two boys are (这两个男孩有多么不同)可知为评论的具体 内容，固定短语make a comment on对做出评论。应选A。18

45、、We should respect the peoples religious.A. blossomB. beliefC. poetD. award答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应该尊重人民的宗教信仰。A. blossom花朵；B.belief信仰；C.poet诗人；D. award奖励。由religious可知，此处指宗教信仰。应选B项。19、Linda gave us a vivid of her trip to Mount Lushan after her return.A. directionB. explanationC. imaginationD. account答案

46、：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达回来后给我们生动地描述了她的庐山之行。A.direction方向；B.explanation解 释；C.imagination想象力；D.account描述。由“of her trip to Mount Lushan可知，句子表示“琳达回来后给我们 生动地描述了她的庐山之行，空格处是描述，应选D。20、 The company presented him with a gold watch in of his 20 years of good service.A. achievementB. appreciationC. attentionD. agree

47、ment答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：公司送给他一块金表，以感谢他20年来的良好服务。Achievement成就；B.appreciation感激；C.attention注意;D.agreement同意。根据句意,他为公司服务感年,给他一块表以示感谢。应选BoFrom my hotel room window, I could see a large board with his face on it: Jason, the Great Magician.A. amusementB. advertisementC. manuscriptD. assignment答案：B解析：考查名词词

48、义辨析。句意：透过酒店房间的窗户，我可以看到一个印着他头像的大广告牌:杰森，大魔术师。A.amusement 有趣；B.advertisement 广告；C. manuscript 手稿；D. assignment 任务。 根据下文“with his face on it: Jason, the Great Magician.”可知，看到一个印着他头像的大广告牌。应选B项。小提示：22、Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a workable.A. the timeB. timesC. scheduleD. schedules答案：C解析：考查名词辨