2023年高考英语复习完形填空满分考点4--行文逻辑--讲考点--胸有成竹（教师版）.docx

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1、考点4.行文迈辑讲考点.腐有成竹考点4行文逻辑行文逻辑考点1因果关系考点2同类关系考点3相对关系考点4转折关系【2023年高考命题预测】完形填空行1文逻辑境考点是高考中的必考点。彳亍文逻辑考点是完形填空的重要命题手段，每年 高考都考。预测在2023高考中，彳亍文逻辑会在完形填空试题中呈现。【完形填空行文逻辑考点指南】规律方法：完形填空技巧之行文逻辑完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它看作一个意思连 贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空 的首句或前几句话一般都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思

2、路，而且，这里往往包含主题 句，为理解文章大意和主要内容提供必要的线索。此外，完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路开展的 文章，各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系，因此还要注意把握文章开展的基本线索，搞清段与段、句 与句之间的逻辑关系。答题时，考生首先要树立起语篇概念，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局，明 辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主 要包括：并列关系（连接词有and, while等）；转折关系（连接词有but, however, whereas, nevertheless 等）；因果关系（连接词有so, therefore, t

3、hus, because, for, since, as等）；让步关系（连接词或短语有though, althoughdespite, in spite of 等）;条件关系（连接词或短语有 if, unless, once, provided that, in case of 等）；解释关系（连接词或短语有i.e., that is to say, in other words等）；顺序关系（连接词有before, after, and, first, second, then, next, finally 等）。一、因果关系（节选）Fd always thought, while slic

4、ing up carrots, that the end looked like a cap. 25 one day, just to see what she would do, I gently placed one on top of the groundhogs head.25. A. WhileB. OrC. SoD. For【答案】C【解析】因此，有一天，想看看“她”会怎么做，“我”就轻轻地放了一个在那只土拨鼠的头顶上。前后两句 为因果关系。二、同类关系（节选）On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually

5、when parents blame them for 5 the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.A. washingB. usingC. droppingD. replacing【答案】C【解析】文中not cleaning up和refusing to do与选项中dropping存在同类关系。另一方面，青少年认为父 母因为仅仅是把浴室里的毛巾掉在地上、不清扫房间和拒绝去超市买东西，这些小事而责怪他们而不耐烦。 该空要根据

6、连词or和其所连接的“not cleaning up”和“refusing”判断。“乱丢”和“不清扫”、“拒绝买东西”并 列，应选C。三、相对关系（节选）Although I would sure carry the pain of 26 with me along, Ahmed reminded me of the abundant27 in the world.26. A. lossB. failureC. fearD. regretA. friendship B. devotionC. kindnessD. justice【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义及语境运用。作者虽然还会因为丧夫而悲

7、哀，但心灵得到了慰藉。A. loss丧失；B. failure 失败；C. fear 恐惧；D. regret 后悔。应选 A。【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义及语境运用。修理工的举动让作者感觉到了人间的关爱。A. friendship友谊；B. devotion奉献、专注；C. kindness关爱、仁爱；D. justice正义、公正。应选C。此处26. A. loss与27.C. kindness存在相对关系。四、转折关系（节选）He couldnt read his own handwriting.he was a bright student.30. A. soB. orC. forD

8、. but【答案】D【解析】“我们”知道，但是不得不试试。前后是转折的关系，故用but。应选D。考例分析：1 . 2022新高考 I 卷 lAnother time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we headed off, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 28 our peaceful morning trip.27. A. arrangedB. interruptedC. completedD. record

9、ed8.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们 平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文“but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可推知，此处指 风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。应选B。【提醒】but转折关系为我们提供了做题的依据。1 .【2022-全国中卷】When I first dated

10、 Steve, I learned he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was thrilled that he was an animal lover, I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 46,the cat.46. A. FloraB. ChanceC. MollyD. Tilly46. A虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担忧三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。根据 上文的“he had a dog, M

11、olly, and a car, Flora （他有一条名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫）”可知，此处指 作者担忧自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。应选A。【提醒】此处Flora和the cat是同位关系。3.【2021 浙江省高考英语试卷】Everyone was so 20 and like-minded that it was very21to feel athome.20. A. confidentB. friendlyC. energeticD. curiousA. funnyB. goodC. luckyD. easy【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个

12、人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. confident 自信的；B. friendly 友好的；C. energetic 活力的；D. curious 好奇的。根据后文“and like-minded” 可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。应选B。同类关系【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. funny 搞笑的；B. good 好的;C. lucky 幸运的；D. easy 容易的。根据“that like-minded和“feel at home”得 知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。应选D。

13、同类关系2020.山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国 I 卷）A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of birds.25, the number of snakes had declined as well.25. A. Besides B. HoweverC. ThereforeD. Otherwise25.考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C. Therefore 因此；D.

14、 Otherwise否那么。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。 应选A。并列关系【试题精练】1 .【广东省华南师范大学附属中学2021-2022学年高三上学期综合测试（一）】Interestingly, 27, othercharacteristics that you might consider advantages had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for in

15、stance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.27. A. therefore B. howeverC. furthermore D. otherwise【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有趣的是，其他你可能认为是优势的特征对研究参与者

16、是否可 能更长寿没有影响。A. therefore因此；B. however然而；C. furthermore此外；D. otherwise否那么。根据前 后文可知此处表转折，应用however。应选B。2.【广东省高州市2021-2022学年高三上学期第二次模拟】The full cars rumbled （隆隆响）past, but the 22 ones, rattled （嘎吱士也响）and banged along, making more noise.22. A. empty B. oldC. slowD. dirty【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：满载的火车隆隆驶过，

17、但空车嘎吱地响，砰砰作响，发出更多的噪 音。A. empty 空的；B. old IH 的；C. slow 慢的；D. dirty 脏的。根据上文“The full cars rumbled past”以及空 前的but表示转折可知，此处表示空车驶过的声音。下文“The between the full and empty cars makesme think of the people in my life.”也是提示。应选A项。此处full和empty是反义关系。3.【广东省普通高中2021-2022学年高三上学期12月联合质量测评）To Williams, the solution wa

18、s simple: Give kids books. In 2017, as part of a civic event called Engage Dan-ville, she donated 900 used childrens books over three days. Most people would be satisfied with that. I was like, Anybody could do that, she said. I wanted to do something thats going to stretch my faith, my work ethic,

19、my everything. So she raised the number considerably by setting a new goal for herself: Give away one million books. It sounds like an unreachable number. 29 she got to work, first by roping in friends to give away books or money to buy books.29. A. Consequently B. StillC. OtherwiseD. However【答案】D【解

20、析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而,她开始行动，首先是通过拉拢朋友捐书或捐钱买书。A. Consequently 所以；B.StiH仍然；C.Otherwise否那么；D.However然而。根据上下文可知，虽然数目很大，但是她还是 开始行动起来，因此此处表示转折，应填However。应选D。4.【广东省韶关市2021 -2022学年高三上学期综合测试（一）My mom and her siblings convinced grandma to start 24 items to help raise funds for grandpas treatment.24. A. donating B.

21、 sendingC. listingD. selling【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈和她的兄弟姐妹们说服奶奶开始出售物品，为爷爷的治疗筹集 资金。A. donating 捐赠；B. sending 寄送；C. listing 列表；D. selling 出售。根据to help raise ftinds fbr grandpas可知，作者的妈妈和其兄弟姐妹说服奶奶出售物品，为爷爷的治疗筹集资金。应选D项。 此处selling items和raise funds是同意关系。5.【江西省吉安市2021-2022学年高三上学期期末】Food and 34 could only last for ten days so they only ate two meals a day and distributed drinking water as planned.34. A. wineB. waterC. fruitsD. vegetables【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：食物和水只能维持10天，所以他们每天只吃两顿饭，并按照计划分 发饮用水。A. wine 酒；B. water水；C. fruits水果；D.vegetables蔬菜。根据常识，人类赖以生存的就 是事物和水。应选B项。此处water和food是同类关系。