Unit5 Educational Exchanges词法句法语法详版总结 练习八年级英语上册.doc

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1、Unit5educational exchanges词法句法语法总结+练习1. experience （1）experience用作及物动词，表示“体验，经历”等。例如：The child has never experienced kindness.这孩子从未受过善待。Have you ever experienced any jungle life？你曾经体验过丛林生活吗？有时experience的过去分词experienced也用作形容词。例如：Even experienced teachers can make mistakes.即使有经验的教师也可能犯错误。（2）experience

2、用作不可数名词，表示“经验”；而表示“经历， 感受”时，通常是可数名词。Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。He has had much experience in this kind of work.他有丰富的经验做这项工作。Experiences have taught us that chances may be more important than skills.经历告诉我们机遇可能比技能更重要。John is a man of muchand he has a lot of interestingin his life.A. expe

3、rience;experienceB. experiences; experienceC. experience; experiencesD. experiences; experiencesIs Mr. Liu a teacher with a lot of teaching?Yes, he is. He always tells us some funnyafter class.A. experience; experienceB. experiences; experiencesC. experiences; experienceD. experience; experiences2.

4、successsuccess 表示抽象意义的“成功”，是不可数名词；表示具体意义 的“成功的人或事”, 则是可数名词。例如： Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 His new book was a great success. 他新出版的书获得了巨大成功。（1）succeed 表示“成功”，是不及物动词；表示做某事做成功了，succeed 后通常接in doing sth。例如： His plan succeeded.他的计划成功了。 At last he succeeded in solving the problem. 他终于把那个问题解

5、决了。 She succeeded in (passing) the exam. 她考试及格了。（2）successful作形容词，意为“成功的”；其副词形式是successfully。例如： The performance was successful. 演出很成功。 It was a successful experiment. 那是一次成功的试验。does not come easily. But if you try your best, you will be.A. Successful; succeedB. Success; succeedC. Succeed; successfu

6、llyD. Success; successfulWork hard and youllone day.You are right. Working hard leads to.A. success;succeedB. succeed; successC. success; successfulD. succeed; successful3.yet（1）yet作副词，意为“到此时，至今，还，尚未”，用于否定句中。例如： We havent heard from him yet. 我们还没有收到他的来信。 Im not yet sure if we could win. 我还没有把握确定我们是否

7、能赢。（2）作副词，意为“已经”，用于疑问句中。例如： Is everything ready yet? 一切准备就绪了吗？ Has the ship left yet? 轮船已经离开了吗？（3）作副词，意为“仍然，还是”，用于肯定句中。例如： Hes yet a child. 他还是个孩子。（4）作连词，意为“然而，可是”。例如： You can draw a horse in five minutes, yet you kept me waiting for a year, why? 你能在五分钟之内画好一匹马，然而你却让我等了一年，为什么？ He trained hard all yea

8、r, yet she didnt win a prize in the competition.他全年都艰苦训练，然而在竞赛中却没能获奖。Has your sister finished watching the new film?Yes, she has finished it.A. yet;yetB. already;alreadyC. already;yet D. yet;already4.I havent had much success yet, but Ill keep trying.本句中的keep是动词，意为“保留，保存，保持”。keep常见的用法有：（1）keep doing

9、 sth. 意为“继续干某事”，表示不间断地持续干某事，后须接延续性的动词。例如：He kept working all day, because he wanted to finish the work on time.他整天都在不停地工作，因为他想准时完成工作。（2）“keep +sb./sth.+形容词”表示“使某人或者某物保持某种状态”。 例如：Too much work keeps me busy and tired. 太多的工作让我忙碌而且疲惫。We must keep the class clean. 我们必须保持教室干净。（3）“keep + 形容词”，意为“保持某种状态”。例

10、如：Keep quiet, please! 请保持安静!（4）“keep sb. doing sth.”表示“让某人继续/不断地做某事”。例如：He kept me waiting for an hour. 他让我等了一个小时。Tom always keepsto keep.A. run; healthyB. running; healthyC. running; healthD. runing; healthy5.The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well.as well常用作状语, 作“又；也”解, 相当于too或

11、also, 常位于句末, 无须用逗号与句子分开。例如： I am going to London and my sister is going as well. 我要到伦敦去, 我妹妹也要去。（1）as well as也作“也，还”讲，常用来连接两个并列的成分，一般位于句中。它强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及。因此连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一项一致；翻译时要先译后面，再译前面。例如：Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。（2）as well as 可以用来表示同级比较，指“像/和一样好”。例如：You look

12、 as well as you did ten years ago.你的身体看起来还像十年前一样好。He plays the guitar as well as you.他的吉他弹得和你一样好。Mr. Smithhis wife and daughtergoing to the Great Wall next week.A. as well as; isB. as well; areC. as well as; areD. as well; isBetty is good at cooking and she does well in sports,.A. neitherB. alsoC. a

13、s wellD. either6. 1.educational adj.教育的；有关教育的；有教育意义的educational是形容词，意为“教育的，有教育意义的”，常作定语。Watching television can be very educational.看电视可以使人受到很多教益。7.exchange n. 交换；兑换 v. 交换；交易；兑换We need to promote an open exchange of ideas and information.我们需要促进思想和信息的公开交流。an exchange of glances/insults互换眼色；相互侮辱an exc

14、hange of fire (= between enemy soldiers)交火exchange rate 汇率；兑换率foreign exchange 外汇；国际汇兑；外国汇票stock exchange 证券交易所in exchange 作为交换exchange for 交换；兑换in exchange for 作为的交换exchange with v. 与交换8. culture UC文化，文明European/Islamic/African/American, etc. culture欧洲、伊斯兰、非洲、美国等文化working-class culture工人阶级的文化The ch

15、ildren are taught to respectdifferent cultures.孩子们受到教导要尊重不同的文化。cultural adj.与文化有关的；文化的a cultural event文化活动cultural exchange 文化交流cultural tradition 文化传统cultural difference 文化差异9. hostn.主人; 东道主；主办国;节目主持人Youre at a party,compliment the host. 你这是在参加派对 快赞美主人。a TV game show host电视游戏节目主持人The college is pla

16、ying host to a group of visiting Russian scientists.学院正在接待一批来访的俄罗斯科学家。South Africa hosted the World Cup finals.南非主办了世界杯决赛。hostessn.女主人；女房东Mary was always the perfect hostess.玛丽总是最殷勤的女主人。hostage n.人质Three children were taken hostage during the bank robbery.在银行抢劫案中有三名儿童被扣为人质。10. weekday n.周工作日（星期一至星期五

17、的任何一天）e.g.The centre is open from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. on weekdays.本中心星期一至星期五上午 9 点至下午 6 点开放。on weekdays意为“在平日，在工作日”。这是习惯表达法，其中介词on不可改为at。11. tour v.在旅游；在巡回演出n.旅行；旅游tour around sth周游We spent four weeks touring around Europe. 我们花了四个星期周游欧洲。 a coach tour of northern France 乘长途汽车在法国北部旅游tourist n.游客；观光者touri

18、st是由tour(旅游；旅行)转化而来的。e.g. The villagers sell their work to tourists.村民们将工艺品卖给旅游者。要点三：travel，trip，journey，tour辨析journey(n.)-“旅行,旅程.普通用语，指陆地上的远程旅行。tour(n.)-“周游”。指途中在许多地方作短暂停留的观光游览。trip(n.)-“旅行”。指来往有定的短距离旅行,强调在路上所花的时间和所走的路程。travel(n.)-“旅行”。惯用复数形式。泛指旅行各地,表示旅行的路途远,时间长。e.g.At first I was afraid the long j

19、ourneywould be too much for her.起初我担心她不能行这样远的路.e.g.We went ona guided tour of Italythat included stops at Milan, Venice, Florence and Rome.我们在导游的带领下游览了意大利, 包括米兰,威尼斯,佛罗伦萨和罗马。e.g.I go to work by train, and the trip takes 40 minutes. 我坐火车上班, 路上花40分钟.e.g.The travels of Marco Polo is one of the most inte

20、resting books that I have ever read.马可波罗的游记是我生平读过的最有意思的一本书。12. introduce v.使初次了解；使尝试introduce sb to sth让了解The first lectureintroduces students to the main topics of the course.第一堂课是让学生了解这门课的主要内容。introduce sth (to sb) 使体会It was she who first introduced the pleasures of sailing to me.是她最先使我体会到了帆船运动的乐趣

21、（1）introduce作及物动词，意为“介绍”。常用搭配introduce sb. to sb. else，“把某人介绍给另一人”introduce oneself 意为“自我介绍”。eg.Allow me to introduce a friend to you. 让我给你介绍一个朋友。May I introduce myself?我可以自我介绍吗？eg.Let me_让我做个自我介绍。（2）introduce还意为“引进，传入”。eg.A plant was introduced into China. 一种植物被引入了中国。13. so far表示“到目前为止”“至今”（=until

22、now），注意它所连用的时态：若强调so far所描述的谓语动作一直持续到现在，则谓语动词用现在完成时。如：I have been being a studentfor nine years so far.到目前为止我已经当了九年学生了so far的其他用法：1、 表示“到如此之距离”，可视为far的加强说明，此时可根据情况选用时态。如：My feet are very sore from walking so far. 走了这么远的路，我的脚非常痛。2、表示“到如此之程度或范围”，根据情况选用适当时态。如：I can only help him so far. 我只能帮他到这种程度。14.

23、abitof在句中用作定语，修饰不可数名词时意为“一点点”，修饰单数可数名词时意为“有点”。A bit of water! A bit of water! 再来点水！再来点水！其他用法：a bit 小块，少量”，指整体中的一小部分，也可指独立的一小部分。abit可修饰形容词或副词的原级或比较级，还可修饰全句。a little bit一点一、现在完成时的定义现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。二、现在完成时的构成1.肯定句现在完成时的肯定句式是“主语+have（has）过去分词”。注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用hav

24、e。2.否定句：现在完成时的否定句式是“主语+havent（hasnt）过去分词”。3.疑问句：现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。回答用Yes, have(has)./No, havent(hasnt).翻译我已经完成我的家庭作业了。（already）In the past few years, many schoolsthe ways of doing morning exercises.A. ChangeB. changesC. will changeD. have changedWhat do you think of your hometown, Kate

25、?Ita lot. Its more beautiful than before.A. has changedB. changesC. will changeD. changetake part injoin（1）take part in指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用，有时与join in互换。例如： I didnt take part in the sports meeting yesterday because I was ill. 我没有参加昨天的运动会，因为我病了。（2）join指加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，以及参军等，并成为其中一员

26、。例如： I joined the army in 1996. 我是1996年参军的。Where are you going, Jack?Im going tothe English corner. Would you like tome?Im afraid I cant.A. take part in; joinB. join; take part inC. join; join inD. join in; take part inWhy notthe Sports Club?Sorry, Im not good at sports. Maybe I should try the Reading Club.A. to joinB. to take part inC. joinD.take part in