【上课用】高考英语复习之语法透析：名词性从句课件.pptx

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1、名 词性从句,2022高考复习之语法透析,知识导图,名词性从句,连接词：that , whether/if,连接词,分类,主语从句：位于句首或用it代替,连接代词：who, whom, whose, what等,连接副词：when, where, why, how等,表语从句：位于be或其他系动词后面,宾语从句：位于及物动词或介词后面,同位语从句：位于某些名词后面,考点精析,考点一主语从句,主语从句的引导词,that、whether、if,how、when、where、 why等,what、who、whose、which、 whatever、whichever、whoever等,只起连接作用，

2、不在从句中作成分，但一般不可省略。当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，而不用if,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语,在从句中作状语,考点精析,The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but whether he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.通常来说，一个人智力上的极限从一出生就确定了，但他是否能够达到极限取决于他所处的环境。Your support is important to our wor

3、k. Whatever you can do helps.你的支持对我们的工作很重要。无论你做什么都会有所帮助。,考点精析,What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.芭芭拉琼斯展现给她的粉丝们的是诚实和快乐。How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很大关系。Where Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but

4、some wont accept it.中国伟大的诗人李白出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人对此并不接受。,考点精析,2.it作形式主语的主语从句Itbe形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)that从句；Itbe名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)that从句；Itbe过去分词(said/told/reported等)that从句；It不及物动词(seem/occur/appear/happen/matter等)that从句It occurred to him that he had an important confere

5、nce to attend the next morning.他突然想到，第二天上午他有一个重要的会议要参加。,考点精析,It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future.对学生们来说很清楚的一点是，他们应该为未来做好充分的准备。*在“Itbesuggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required.that从句”结构中，从句谓语应用“(should)动词原形”。It is suggested that you(should) sp

6、end more time in studying English.建议你花更多的时间学习英语。,考点精析,考点二宾语从句宾语从句位于及物动词、动词短语或介词之后。,宾语从句的引导词,从属连词,连接副词,连接代词,从属连词只起连接作用，不作句子成分，that无词义，whether/if意为“是否”,what、who、whose、which、whatever、whichever、whoever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语,how、when、where、why、wherever、whenever等在从句中只作状语,考点精析,The gold medal will be awarded to

7、whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race.金牌将会颁发给在自行车比赛中获得第一名的任何人。She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt.她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。Our teachers always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要

8、相信我们所做的事情以及我们是谁。,考点精析,(1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但在下列情况中不能省略：that从句作介词的宾语时；动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可以省略；主句中的谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时；that引导的从句位于句首时。The professor and his achievement that I heard about are admired by many people.我听说的那位教授和他的成就得到了许多人的赞美。,考点精析,(2)在介词后的宾语从句中，连接词表示“是否”时，只

9、用whether，而不用if。I asked whether they could change my ticket.我问他们是否可以给我换票。,考点精析,2.it作形式宾语的宾语从句动词find/feel/think/consider/makeit宾补(形容词或名词)不定式/that从句；动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoyitthat从句；短语动词see to/depend on/rely onitthat从句；固定搭配take it for granted/owe it to sb.that从句,考点精析,I shall see to it that

10、he is taken good care of when you are absent.你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。*宾语从句的时态：一般情况下，宾语从句需与主句的时态保持一致。当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；当主句为过去的某种时态时，从句需用相应的过去的某种时态；当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，从句需用一般现在时。,考点精析,考点三表语从句在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。表语从句位于系动词之后。

11、,表语从句的引导词,从属连词,连接副词,连接代词,that、whether从属连词只起连接作用，不作句子成分,what、who、whose、which、whatever、whichever、whoever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语,how、when、where、why、wherever、whenever等在从句中只作状语,考点精析,The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal.这个足球明星最美好的时刻就是他射进制胜球的时候。The most important result for t

12、he user is that the product does what is intended.对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。,考点精析,2.其他连接词引导的表语从句(1)as if/as though引导的表语从句as if/as though意为“好像、仿佛”，其引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(be、seem、appear、look、taste、sound、feel、smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as

13、 if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一张厚厚的黑毯扔到了它的上面。,考点精析,(2)because、why引导的表语从句This/That/It is why表语从句(表结果)，意为“这/那就是的原因”；This/That/It is because表语从句(表原因)，意为“这/那是因为”；The reason why.is that表语从句，意为“的原因是”From space, the earth looks blue. This is because about seventy-one per

14、cent of its surface is covered by water.从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。He didnt work hard. Thats why he was fired.他没有努力工作。那就是他被解雇的原因。,考点精析,考点四同位语从句1同位语从句的引导词同位语从句在句中作某一个名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容。其引导词主要有that、whether、why、who、where、how、when等。在同位语从句中，that和whether不作句子成分，that无词义，whether意为“是否”，if不能引导

15、同位语从句。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不能省略。,考点精析,The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.经理提出一个建议：我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。He asked her a question whether they can be friends.他问了她一个问题：他们能否成为朋友。You have no idea how worried I was!你不知道我有多着急！,考点精析,2.常跟同位语从句的名词常跟同位语从句的名

16、词有advice、fact、doubt、suggestion、hope、demand、conclusion、idea、news、order、request、thought、word、wish、promise、truth、information、message、belief、report、desire、problem、possibility等。,考点精析,When the news came that the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去参军。I made a promise to myself t

17、hat this year, my first year in high school, would be different.我对自己承诺：今年，也就是我高中的第一年，会有所不同。,方法解读,如何突破名词性从句？第一步识别名词性从句的种类1.首先确定主句的谓语动词，确定主句的主谓结构；2.分析从句在主句中所充当的成分，确定从句所属类型：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。,方法解读,第二步分析从句结构，确定从句引导词确定从句的结构和意义是否完整，结合句意填写适当的连接词。1.若从句结构完整，用从属连词：陈述事实用that；表示疑问“是否”用if或whether；2.若从句缺少主语、宾语

18、、表语或定语，则考虑用连接代词；3.若从句缺少状语，则用连接副词。另外，还需注意一些特殊的引导词(if、whether、because、as if等)的用法及that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别。,方法解读,_ they lacked, though, was an operating system, which is where Microsoft came in.The result was _ nearly zero emissions were created by the firing of the 56 cannon shells.,缺宾语,What,引导主语从句的引导词,从句中

19、成分完整，意义清楚,that,was后是表语从句,演练提升,1.You are a great swimmer.Thanks. Its_ I have been practising a lot these days.2._ the Internet develops will shape our future.3.Perhaps contrary to _ we used to think of the US high school students, they pay more attention to their academic performance to try to get in

20、to a distinguished university.4.All of us held the same view _ environmental protection is so important for our life.,because How what that,演练提升,5.I have failed over and over again in my life, but I never give up. And that is _ I succeed.6.It doesnt matter _ the person is their master or not. The do

21、gs have an ability to sense sadness and are attached to troubled souls.7._ feels interested and has a passion for this topic, please sign up for the contest as soon as possible.,why whether Whoever,演练提升,8._ developing countries really need to do is to stop poverty by fighting the cause of it.9.For instance, try to find a time to talk when your parents are not angry, tired, distracted or hungry. A good time to talk is _ youre all relaxed.10.The kids didnt see _ he came from, but they saw exactly what happened next.,What when where,Thank You！,