第01讲-完形填空之记叙文-2022年高考英语二轮复习大提升增分策略(全国通用).docx

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1、第01讲完型填空之记叙文-2022年高考英语二轮复习大提升增分策略（全国通用）【题型概述】完形填空的文章体裁以记叙文为主，常见的故事基本上可分为餐厅故事、师生关系、家庭生活和个人奋斗等 类型。从叙事方式来看,故事内容基本都遵循“起一承一转一合”的常见记叙文写作思路。从正负态度来解释, 那么可分为两种模式:一种为“负一”，即故事开始就是“坏事”，后来转变为“好事”;另一种是“正一负一正”，即文章 开始平静祥和，中间经历挫折、困难,最终迎来光明美好的结局。两种模式的共同点在于,无论故事如何开篇, 过程都会经历曲折,结尾必然收获美好、充满希望。总之，完形填空的选材基本都是积极向上、引人向善的文章。了

2、解这些有助于考生理解文章内容、把握主人 公情感走向，进而帮助解题。【增分策略】策略1利用语义复现解题复现是一种语义衔接手段,它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重 复出现来表达某一概念,使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起因此,考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章 的结构和语境利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。L原词复现【例】2020全国卷 IOne day they911 47. wake up and discover that everything they*ve always known about windows is a 48.I wonder i

3、f 49. parents should always tell the truth no matter the 50. consequences. I have a very strong 51 , fear thatthe lie were telling is doing 52. spiritual damage to our children.48.A.dream B. lie C.fantasy D. fact答案B分析：本起可以利用原词复现解题。由下文的“I have a very strong 51. fear that the lie并结合语境可知正 确选项。2.同义复现【例】

4、2021 ,3 月天津卷For most people,having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got 16 when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 17, emotions took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to

5、sympathy 18. instead.16.A.amazed B.mad C.curious D.frightened答案B分析:此题可以利用同义复现解题。根据下文的“After letting go of his anger and frustration”可知此处和 “anger”“frustration”是同义词，由此可知正确选项。16. A. support17. A. guilt18. A. rightB. guidanceB. healthB. difficult19. A. effectB. force20. A. fadeB. leaveC. instructionD. l

6、oveC, goodC, easyC. effortC. disappearD. wealthD. wrongD. powerD. return【来源】广东省华南师范大学附属中学2021-2022学年高三1月模拟考试英语试题【答案】1. DA2. BB3. CA4. BC5. DA6. BB7. CA8. AD9. CD10. CD【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个耐人寻味的故事，一开始就是一个垂暮的老人满怀悔恨和悲伤，追忆自己的青春岁月，但无论他多么想回到过去都无济于事，最后当他醒来时才发现自己还年轻，这只是一场无 比真实的梦。1 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个年迈的老人站在窗

7、户边。A. admirable值得赞扬的；B.honest老实的； C. inspiring 鼓舞人心的;D. aged 年老的。下文中“He had already passed sixty of the stages”指出他已经 60 岁 了，也就是一个老人了。应选D项。2 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他抬起悲哀的目光看向漆黑的夜空，星星悬在夜空中就像平静澄澈的湖中 的百合花。A. mournful悲哀的；B. shining闪耀的；C.charming迷人的；D.sharp锋利的。结合文段内容来 看，这是一个已入暮年的老人在悔恨自己虚度了人生，步步逼近死亡的感觉一定是无比悲伤的。应选A项

8、。3 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：他抬起悲哀的目光看向漆黑的夜空，星星悬在夜空中就像平静澄澈的湖中的 百合花。A. swimming游泳；B.floating漂浮;C. sleeping睡觉；D.lying躺下。这里用了一个比喻,星星应 该是像湖中的百合花一样“漂浮”在夜空中应选B项。4 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他又将目光投向了地面上的人们。A. threw扔掉；B. cast投掷；C. put 放置；D. caught抓住。与前文的raise类似，这里也要表达转移目光，them就指代eyes, cast eyes意为“投 向目光”。应选B项。5 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里有一些更

9、绝望的人们在走向必然的目的地坟墓。A. jobless失业 的；B. homeless无家可归的；C.hopeless绝望的；D.fearless无畏的。这里用比拟级应该视为在与这个老人 的感受作比拟，都指在面临时间逝去和死亡时的绝望之情。应选C项。6 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里有一些更绝望的人们在走向必然的目的地坟墓。A. tomb坟墓；B. company公司；C.lounge休息室；D. office办公室。下文用it指代，指出老人已经朝着这里走了 60个阶 段了，且是一个确定的目的地，那一定是指死亡了，这里用tomb意义相同。应选A项。7 .考查代词词义辨析。句意：而他从这趟人生

10、旅程中带走的除了过错和悔恨以外一无所有。A. everything 一一切；B. nothing没有东西：C.anything任何事物；D. something某些事物。结合文段内容来看，这是一个 已入暮年的老人在悔恨自己虚度了人生，所以这里要表达他带走的只有过错和悔恨，nothing but意为“只有， 除了没有应选B项。8 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在他身体衰弱，思维混沌，心里也充满了悲伤。A. joyful喜悦的;B. thoughtful 体贴的；C sorrowful悲伤的；D.thankful感激的。与前文悲哀的目光对应，且文段渲染的这种沉重气氛， 垂暮老人的心情一定是非常难过

11、的。应选C项。9 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：年轻时的日子像梦一般出现在他眼前。A. death死亡；B. birth出生；C. growth 成长；D. youth青春。这里是老人在回忆年轻时的事情，下文也有youth一词对应。应选D项。10 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：他回想起了一个严肃的时刻，那时他的父亲让他站在一条分岔路的入口。A.entrance入口； B.middle中间；C.end末尾；D.exit出口。下文分别描述两条路的样子，可见是站在分岔 路口看到的。应选A项。11 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一条通向幽深黑暗的洞穴。A. big大的；B. dark黑暗的；C.open翻开

12、的；D.bright明亮的。既然是洞穴而且很深，那应该也是比拟黑的。应选B项。12 .考查副词词义辨析。句意：他望向天空痛苦地大喊。A. manly雄赳赳地；B. painfully痛苦地；C. sympathetically同情地；D. peacefully平和地。从下文老人喊叫的内容来看，是充满悔恨和痛苦的。应选B 项。13 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会选择更好的那条路。A. shorter更短的；B. worse更糟的；C. better 更好的；D. harder更难的。老人祈求上天让他重新在分岔路口选择一次，可见他当时并没有选择更好、更 光明的一条路。应选C项。14 .考查动词短

13、语辨析。句意：但他的父亲和那些青葱岁月都逝去了。A. passed away逝去；B. passed by 路过；C.passed down传递下去；D.passed out神志不清。由转折连词but和现状来看，老人的青春已经一 去不复返了。应选A项。15 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：教堂里的钟声敲响了，那声音让他想起了以前父母对自己的爱。A. struck 打击，撞击；B. rang铃声响起；C.beat打败；D.knocked敲击。教堂钟声的敲响勾起了老人的回忆，这里 strike可以表示钟的敲鸣、报时，ring 一般搭配bell表示铃响，knock一般以人为主语，表示主动敲击。故 选A项。

14、16 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：教堂里的钟声敲响了，那声音让他想起了以前父母对自己的爱。A. support 支持；B. guidance指导；C.instruction命令；D. love爱。下文中提到的教他道理、为他祷告无不表达出父母 对孩子的关爱。应选D项。17 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们教育他，为他祷告平安吉祥。A. guilt犯罪，内疚；B. health健康；C. good 良好，美好；D. wealth财富。站在父母的角度一定是为孩子祈祷一切顺遂美好的。应选C项。18 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他选择了错误的道路。A. right正确的；B. difficult困难的；C

15、.easy简 单的；D. wrong错误的。就是因为选错了路，老人现在才会如此悲伤、后悔。应选D项。19 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：他黯淡的双眼口禽满泪水，带着绝望的努力他哭喊出来。A. effect效率；B. force 力量；C.effort努力；D. power权力。这里老人的情绪已经几乎崩溃，他大喊着让青春回来，但这样的努力 是没有意义而令人绝望的。应选C项。20 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：而他的青春真的回来了。A. fade逐渐消失；B. leave离开；C disappear消 失；D. return返回。全文最后情节出现了重大转折，原来这只是年轻人做的一场梦，所以这里要表达老人“

16、重 返青春:应选D项。3 .反义复现【例】2021 新高考 I 卷Our 48.roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing（糖霜）ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49.Remove bunny from the belt. This was 50 than it sounds.51, Slow down a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first nigh

17、t,it was all a little more high- pressure than Fd 52. expected.5O.A.harder B.better C.longer D.cheaper答案A分析:此题可以利用反义复现解题。尽管前文提到了“Our48. roles in the factory were simple”,根据下文中的“the cakes pile upnna little more high-pressure”可知，作者想表达实际上作者他们的工作并不像听上去那么简单， harder与simple构成反义复现。4.代词复现【例】12016全国卷 IOnce fi

18、re and emergency people arrived,Larry and the other man 56.backed off and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58. free to go. They let him and the otherman go.57.A.woman B.police C.man D. driver答案B分析:此题可以利用代词复现解题。根据语境和下文中的“They”可知，拉里问是否还需要他，问的对象肯定是 这些急救人员。下文中的代词“they”是复

19、数，四个选项中只有police是集合名词，表示复数,也符合常识。策略2利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题在完形填空中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇，它 们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定 某些题目的正确答案。【例 1 2021 浙江卷 1 月My job was to 45.build a stairway out of rock. This 46. meant climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited（栖息）by moun

20、tain lions, although I should say they were only heard, never 47,seen.Three days later,a beautiful stairway came into being. The 48 of knowing that my 49.work will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.48. A.satisfaction B.ambition C.expectation D.intention答案A分析:此题可以利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题。根据

21、划线处后半句“my 49.work will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive”,“了解我的工作成果（work）将会在未来数年都在这个山坡上”，作者 对自己的工作有十足的满足感，故用satisfaction”满足，满足感”。k略；利用逻辑关系解题在句组层次题中,利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法【例】2021 天津卷 3 月In addition to 31 .practical skills, Pruitts lessons teach teamwork, encourage selfworth, and promot

22、e feelings of community. 32 ,the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.32.A.Otherwise B.HoweverC.Somehow D.Meanwhile答案D 分析:此题考查连接词，可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据语境可知，此处表示与此同时，孩子们也获得了成就 感otherwise”否那么，不然”;however但是;somehow”以某种方式”;meanwhile”与此同时”。良略4利用语境暗示分析法解题在句组层次题中,有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文的语境暗示来解题，即根据信息，推导出正确答案。 【例】20

23、21 全国卷甲Burchill was 41 .staying at the hotel on business and planning to 42. visit some friends in the area. They had asked him to 43.bring some pepperoni（辣香肠）from back east. So he 44 asuitcase full of pepperoni.44.A.filled B.lockedC.abandoned D. lost答案A分析:此题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上文They had asked him to 4

24、3. bring some p叩peroni（辣香 肠）from back east“，可推知Burchill应该是装了一手提箱的辣香肠带给朋友，此题选A符合上下文语境。【刷名校真题】语法填空练习学校:姓名：班级：考号： 一、完形填空Ralphie was getting bored in his geography class. Mr. Hudson 1 map of Europe up on the whiteboard, and asked someone to switch off the lights so they could see it 2, Ralphie popped a

25、paperspitball into a straw and blew it 3 the light switch. It missed, and 4 in Mr. Hudsons hair instead.“Detention（留堂），Ralphie. said Hudson. “I was only trying to5 the lights! Ralphie protested.But he heard “See you after school. Dont be late.”Math class was 6. Ralphie was pretty good at math, so wh

26、en Mrs. Addison 7 student tosolve a problem at the blackboard, Ralphie didnt 8. He jumped out of his seat and announced in a loudvoice, I volunteer as TributeHis friends burst out laughing. Mrs. Addison looked at him sternly（严厉上也）over the tops of her 9.“Silence! Young man.Its from The Hunger Games h

27、e tried to10.“Thats quite enough! Detention. Ralphie. After school. Dont be late.”When the bell rang. Ralphie went to see Mr. Hudson first. He was told to sit down. Then he11 one hand and asked to go to the12. Mr. Hudson nodded.13 in the hallway, Ralphie raced over to Mrs. Addison room. He took a se

28、at. Again, he lifted his hand and asked to use the washroom. Mrs. Addison14, and Ralphie15 back to Mr.Hudsons room. On the way, he 16 he did actually need to use the washroom. He went inside, locking the door behind him.After washing his hands, he found the door lock was stuck. He twisted and shook

29、it. He even threw his body against it like he saw people17 doors in movies. No luck. 18, Ralphie looked around theroom for ideas. He took a plunger（疏通管道用的掘子）from the corner to prop the window open. He climbed up on the19 and pulled himself through the washroom window.Hurriedly he went back to his de

30、tentions. 20, no teachers were in.1. A. hungB.projectedC drewD. read2. A. betterB.higherC. moreD. heavier3. A. onB.inC. atD. with4. A. landedB.flowedC. fledD. swallowed5. A. turn offB.turn toC. turn overD. turn down6. A. awayB.behindC overD. next7. A. delayedB.waitedC. stoppedD , required8. A. moveB

31、.smileC , hesitateD. interrupt9. A. studentsB.booksC. glassesD. eyes10. A. answerB.explainC, reactD. ignore11. A. shookB. reachedC. pointedD. raised12. A. classroomB. washroomC bedroomD. mushroom13. A. SoB. SinceC ThoughD. Once14. A. agreedB. regrettedC admittedD. rejected15. A. lookedB. headedC. ro

32、deD. struggled16. A. forcedB. suggestedC acceptedD. decided17. A. getting offB. getting outC. breaking downD. breaking up18. A. DelightedB. SurprisedC. PanickedD. Excited19. A. lampB. sinkC. tableD. water20. A. ThereforeB. MoreoverC. MeanwhileD. However【来源】江西省八所重点中学（九江一中、吉安一中等）2021届高三下学期4月联考英语试题（含听力

33、）【答案】1. BA2. CA3. AD4. DC5. CB6. DB7. DA8. BD9. CC10. BD【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文，讲述了淘气的Ralphie在课堂上犯了错被两位老师同时留堂后闹出的趣事。1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Hudson把欧洲地图投影在白板上，让人把灯关掉，以便看得更清楚。A. hung 悬挂；B. projected投影；C.drew画；D.read阅读。结合常识，根据上文“on the whiteboard和下文“switch off the lights”后才能看得更清可知老师用的是投影。应选B项。2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Hud

34、son把欧洲地图投影在白板上，让人把灯关掉，以便看得更清楚。A. better 更好；B. higher更高；C.more更多；D. heavier更重。Mr. Hudson投影地图后让学生关灯，根据常识可知这 样才能看得更清楚。应选A项。3. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：Ralphie把纸团塞进吸管里，对着电灯开关吹了起来。A.on在上；B.in在.里；Cat朝D.with和。介词at常表示“朝，向，对着。句中Ralphie对着开关吹，所以动词blow应搭配介词ato应选C项。4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没打中，落在了 Mr. Hudson先生的头发上。A. landed降落；B. flowe

35、d流动；C. fled逃跑；D. swallowed吞。根据上文“It missed”可知纸团落到了 Mr. Hudson先生的头发上。应选A项。5. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“我只是想关灯而已!”拉尔夫抗议道。A. turn off关；B. turn to转向；C. turn over 翻身；D. turn down 关小，拒绝。根据上文 Mr. Hudson 叫学生switch off the lights和Ralphie popped a paper spitball into a straw and blew it 3 the light.可知 Ralphie 打算关灯。应选 A

36、项。6. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：接下来是数学课。A. away离去；B. behind在后面；C.over结束；D. next下一 个。上节课是 geography class,根据 Mr. Hudson 所说“See you after school. Dont be late.”可知地理课结束 了， 所以数学是下一节课。应选D项。7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:Ralphie数学很好,所以当Mrs. Addison老师要求学生在黑板上解一道题时,Ralphie 毫不犹豫。A. delayed 推迟；B. waited 等待；C. stopped 停止；D. required 要求。根据下文“

37、to solve a problem at the blackboard”可知Mrs. Addison是要求学生解题。应选D项。8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:Ralphie数学很好,所以当Mrs. Addison老师要求学生在黑板上解一道题时,Ralphie 毫不犹豫。A. move 移动；B. smile 微笑；C. hesitate 犹豫；D. interrupt 打断。根据下文He jumped out of his seat and announced in a loud voice.”（他从座位上跳起来,大声宣布）可知他毫不犹豫地想要去解题。应选C项。 9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mr

38、s. Addison从眼镜上严厉地看着他。A. students学生；B. books书；C. glasses 眼镜；D. eyes眼睛。根据上文“looked at him sternly over the tops of her.结合常识可推断空格处名词和眼睛 有关系。应选C项。10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“它来自饥饿游戏”他试图解释。A. answer回答;B.explain解释；C. react 反响；D. ignore忽视。根据上文“Silence! Young man.”可知，Ralphie受到老师的责备，所以急忙解释。应选 B项。11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他举起一只

39、手，要求去洗手间。A. shook握手；B. reached到达；C. pointed 指；D. raised 举起。根据下文“Again, he lifted his hand and asked to use the washroom.可知这里是第一次举手， raised与lifted在这里同义。应选D项。12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他举起一只手，要求去洗手间。A. classroom教室；B. washroom洗手间；C. bedroom 卧室；D. mushroom 蘑菇。同样根据下文“Again, he lifted his hand and asked to use the

40、 washroom. 可知这里是举手要求去洗手间。应选B项。13. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：一到走廊上，Ralphie跑到艾迪生太太的房间。A. So所以；B. Since自从；C. Though 虽然；D. Once 就。根据下文“raced over to Mrs. Addisons room”可看出他的迫切，所以“一到走廊，他就跑到艾迪生太太的房间。应选D项。14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾迪生太太同意了，拉尔夫回到了 Mr. Hudson先生的房间。A. agreed同意；B.regretted 后悔；C. admitted 成认；D. rejected 拒绝。根据下文“Ralphi

41、e15 back to Mn Hudsons room.”可知老师同意他去洗手间，然后他回到了 Mr. Hudson先生的房间。应选A项。15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾迪生太太同意了，拉尔夫回到了 Mr. Hudson先生的房间。A. looked看；B. headed 朝走;C. rode 骑；D. struggled 斗争。根据下文“back to Mr. Hudson9s room”可知是回到 Mr. Hudson 先生的房间，搭配动词headedo应选B项。16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在路上，他觉得他确实需要去一下洗手间。A. forced强迫；B. suggested建议；

42、C. accepted 接受；D. decided 决定。根据下文“he did actually need to use the washroom”可知他发现自己确实需 要去一下洗手间。decide表示“判定: 应选D项。17. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他甚至用身体撞门就像在电影里看到有人破门一样。A. getting off下车；B. getting out出去；C.breaking down打破；D.breaking up破裂。结合常识，根据in movies可知他想模仿电影 情节破门。应选C项。18. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ralphie惊慌失措，在房间里四处寻找方法。A. D

43、elighted高兴的；B. Surprised 惊讶的；C Panicked惊慌的；D. Excited激动的。根据上文他模仿电影情节破门却仍然No luck”的情况可推 测他应该感到惊慌失措。应选C项。19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他爬上盥洗盆，从洗手间的窗户爬了出去。A. lamp灯；B. sink盥洗盆，水槽;C.table桌子；D. water水。根据climbed up并结合常识可知这里是爬上洗手间的盥洗盆。应选B项。20. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，没有老师在教室里。A. Therefore因此；B.Moreover而且;C.Meanwhile 同时；D. However然

44、而。Ralphie想尽方法赶回教室,结果“no teachers were in.，出人意料。然而，没有老 师在教室里。应选D项。语法填空练习学校:姓名：班级：考号：、完形填空It was New Year*s Night. An man was standing at a window. He raised his 2 eyes towards the deep blue sky, where the stars were 3 like water lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake. Then he 4 them on the earth,

45、 where a few more 5 people than himself now moved towards their certain goal-the 6 .He had already passed sixty of the stages leading to it, and he had brought from his Journey 7 but errors and regrets. Now his health was poor, his mind vacant and his heart 8 .The days of his 9 appeared like dreams

46、before him, and he recalled the serious moment when his father placed him at the 10 of the two roadsone leading to a peaceful, sunny place, the other leading to a deep,11 cave. He looked towards the sky and cried I2, Oh youth, return! Oh my father, place me once more at the entrance to life, and I w

47、ill choose the 13 way! ” But both his father and the days of his youth had 14 .The clock in the church tower 15 and the sound made him remember his parents9 early16 for him.They had taught him and prayed to God for his and prayed to God for his 17 .But he chose the 18 way. His darkened eyes were full of tears, and with a despairing 19, he burst out a cry, “Come back, my early days!”And his youth did 20, for all this was only a dream which he had on New Years Night.1. A. admirableB. honestC. inspiringD. aged2. A. mournfulB. shiningC charmingD. sharp3. A. swimmingB. floatingC. sleepi