中考英语语法被动语态讲稿.ppt

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1、关于中考英语语法被动语态第一页，讲稿共三十四页哦被动语态与状态的区被动语态与状态的区别别被动语态基本结构被动语态基本结构（现在、过去、情态）（现在、过去、情态）哪些词不能用于被动哪些词不能用于被动被动语态与被动修饰被动语态与被动修饰第二页，讲稿共三十四页哦基基 础础 知知 识识一、什么是被动语态？英语中时态很多，但语态不多，只有两种，即：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，使用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用被动语态。1.定义：被动语态，即不知道动作执行者或强调动作承受者的一种语态。第三页，讲稿共三十四页哦2.被动语态的构成：被字句：主语+be+动词过去分词(v-ed)+bys

2、b.我打他Ibeathim.(打过了)他被我打=他打被我Hewasbeatenbyme.他喜欢她Helikesher.她喜欢被他Sheislikedbyhim.(am/is/are).被动语态的时态是由be动词的时态决定的，be动词是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。第四页，讲稿共三十四页哦学好被动语态的两个基础条件一、每种时态的be动词形式。二、不规则动词。第五页，讲稿共三十四页哦主动语态be的谓语形式总结(1)1.主+am/is/are2.主+am/is/are+being3.主+will+be4.主+hasbeen1.Heisaleader.2.Heisbeingh

3、ere.3.Hewillbealeader.4.Hehasbeenaleader.第六页，讲稿共三十四页哦主动语态be的谓语形式总结(2)1.主+was/were2.主+was/were+being3.主+would+be4.主+hadbeen1.Hewasaleader.2.Hewasbeingherejustnow.3.Hewouldbealeader.4.Hehadbeenaleaderseveralyearsago.第七页，讲稿共三十四页哦被动语态:主+be+过去分词过去分词+(bysb)1.Heeatstheapple.2.Heatetheapple.3.Heis eatingthe

4、apple.4.Hewas eatingtheapple.5.Hewill eattheapple.6.Hewould eattheapple.7.Hehas eatentheapple.8.Hehad eatentheapple.1.Theappleis eatenbyhim.2.Theapplewas eatenbyhim.3.Theappleis being eatenbyhim.4.Theapplewas being eatenbyhim.5.Theapplewill be eatenbyhim.6.Theapplewould be eatenbyhim.7.Theapplehas b

5、een eatenbyhim.8.Theapplehad been eatenbyhim.第八页，讲稿共三十四页哦三、情态动词的被动语态他儿子一定照顾这个人。Hissonmusttakecareoftheperson.这个人一定要由他儿子照顾=即这个人一定照顾由他儿子。Thepersonmustbetakencareofbyhisson.含有情态动词的句子变为被动语态时，在情态动词后面直接加上be动词即可。构成：主语+情态动词(can,may,must)+be(永远是原形)+过去分词+bysb.第九页，讲稿共三十四页哦1.Youmustdothisassoonaspossible.2.Ican

6、useit.3.Youshouldbuyadictionary.4.Sheoughttocleanherbedroom.5.Theyneedlookafterthelittlechild.6.Wecanchangewaterintoice.1.Thismustbedoneassoonaspossible(byyou).2.Itcanbeused.3.Adictionaryshouldbebought(byyou).4.Herbedroomoughttobecleaned.5.Thelittlechildneedbelookedafter(bythem).6.Watercanbechangedi

7、ntoice.第十页，讲稿共三十四页哦提提 高高 知知 识识一、是不是所有的动词都有被动语态？是不是所有的动词都有被动语态？1.所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。这类动词或短语如：takeplace(发生)，happen(发生)，comeabout(发生)，breakout(爆发)，appear(出现)，disappear(消失)，last(持续)，die,end(vi.结束),fail,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart等。第十一页，讲稿共三十四页哦(2)不能用于被动语

8、态的及物动词或动词短不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语语：Fit合适,have,hold,marry结婚,own拥有,wish,cost值,notice注意,watchagreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin成功,sufferfrom受苦,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto属于第十二页，讲稿共三十四页哦(3)系动词无被动语态：appear,bebecome,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turnItsou

9、ndsgood.听起来很好。Tellmeifyoufeelcold你要是感到冷就告诉我。第十三页，讲稿共三十四页哦4)特殊结构：makesb.heard/understood(使别人能听见/理解自己)，havesth.done(要某人做某事)。5)当breakout、takeplace、shutoff、turnoff、workout等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时。Theplanworkedoutsuccessfully.Thelampsonthewallturnoff.第十四页，讲稿共三十四页哦二、初中的不及物动词有哪些？二、初中的不及物动词有哪些？不及物动词指的是后面不能跟宾语的动词

10、。常见的不及物动词有：apologize道歉appear出现arrive到达come来go去run跑walk走die死fall掉落flow流淌happen发生rise升起stay停留sit坐lie躺stand站cry哭swim游泳第十五页，讲稿共三十四页哦基础练习题基础练习题()1.ThePeoplesRepublicofChina_onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound()2.English_inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken()3.ThisEnglis

11、hsong_bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung第十六页，讲稿共三十四页哦()4.Thiskindofcar_inJapan.A.makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade()5Newcomputers_allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused()6.Ourroommust_clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep第十七页，讲稿共三十四页哦()7.Anewhouse_atth

12、ecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding()8.Thekey_onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft()9.Hisnewbook_nextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished第十八页，讲稿共三十四页哦()10.Theflowers_often.A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mus

13、twateredD.mustwaterAnswers:1-5BDDDC6-10BBCAB第十九页，讲稿共三十四页哦提高练习题提高练习题1.Theoldbridgeinmyhometown_nextmonth.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuiltC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt2.Theplay_atthetheatrenextSunday.A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown第二十页，讲稿共三十四页哦3.Nowthesemagazines_inthelibr

14、aryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept4.-Idliketobuythatcoat.-Imsorry._.A.itsoldB.itssellingC.ItsbeensoldD.ithadbeensold第二十一页，讲稿共三十四页哦5.Thesepapers_yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten6.Thesportsmeet_behelduntilnextweek.A.didntB.wo

15、ntC.isntD.doesnt7.Thebooksmay_fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow第二十二页，讲稿共三十四页哦8.Thebrokenbike_herebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended9.Tea_inthesouthofChina.(多)A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow10.Oldpeoplemust_.A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafterC.lookedwellafterD.b

16、elookedafterwell第二十三页，讲稿共三十四页哦11.Newly-bornbabies_inhospital.A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare12.I_fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.A.amgivenB.wasbeengivingC.hadgivenD.wasgiven13.Shewill_goodcare_.A.take;ofB.betaken;ofC.take;foryouD.betaken;ofyou第二十四页，讲稿共三十

17、四页哦14.Theteachermadehim_hishomework.A.todoB.doC.didD.done15.Thesechildren_dance.A.wereseentoB.wereseenforC.wereseenD.sawto16.Thebike_500yuan.A.wascostB.costedC.costD.iscosted第二十五页，讲稿共三十四页哦17.Theimportantmeeting_onacoldmorninglastyear.A.washadB.washeldC.heldD.had18.Greatchanges_inthepasttenyearsinChi

18、na.A.tookplacetoB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplace19.Youcantusethecomputer,it_.A.wasbrokendownB.iswrongC.isbadD.hasbrokendown第二十六页，讲稿共三十四页哦20.Themedicine_inadryandcoolplace.A.keepB.mustkeepC.mustbekeptD.mustbekeepAnwers:1-5AADCB6-10BADBD11-15BDBBA16-20CBDAC第二十七页，讲稿共三十四页哦三、被动语态与过去分词短语作后

19、三、被动语态与过去分词短语作后置定语。置定语。1.ThecatiscalledTom.(被动语态)2.Thereisacat(calledTom)inthehouse.(过去分词短语作后置定语)3例：HecalledthemancalledJohn.4例：Thedevelopedcountrieshavedevelopedover200years.第二十八页，讲稿共三十四页哦四：被动语态不要与表示状态句型混四：被动语态不要与表示状态句型混淆淆类型一Heisinterestedinthegame.ThegameismadeinChina.类型二Thedoorisclosed.Thedoorisc

20、losedbyJohn.第二十九页，讲稿共三十四页哦练练 习习 题题1.Somebody_Jackphonedwhileyouwereout.A.tocallB.callingC.beingcalledD.called2.Thesewalls_stone.A.aremadeofB.madeofC.aremadeintoD.madeinto3.Jane_tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid第三十页，讲稿共三十四页哦4.Thecoat_hersister.A.madetoB.weremadeforC

21、.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto5.Pleasepassmeanothercup.Thisone_.A.isbrokenB.isbreakingC.brokeD.broken6.Theboy_ismyfriend.A.isnamedJohnB.nameJohnC.namedJohnD.arenamedJohn第三十一页，讲稿共三十四页哦7.Thestorybooks_bythewriterinthe1960s.A.arewrittenB.werewrittenC.arewritingD.werewriting8.Thefirsttextbook_forteachingEnglish

22、asaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havewrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written第三十二页，讲稿共三十四页哦9.Pricesofdailygoods_throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying10.Therepairscostalot,butitsmoneywell_.A.tospendB.spentC.beingspentD.spendingAnswers:1-5DABCA6-10CBDBB第三十三页，讲稿共三十四页哦2022/9/25感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第三十四页，讲稿共三十四页哦