关系副词引导的定语从句课件.ppt
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1、关于关系副词引导的定语从句现在学习的是第1页,共84页关系词关系词先行词所指先行词所指关系词在关系词在从句从句中作用中作用关系关系代词代词that人人/物物主主语语、宾、宾语语、表语、表语which物物主主语语、宾、宾语语,表语表语who人人主主语语、宾、宾语语whom人人宾宾语语whose人人/物物定定语语(whose+n.)as主语.宾语Theuseoftherelativepronoun(关系代词关系代词)口诀口诀:定语从句三步:定语从句三步:第一找出先行词第一找出先行词第二看先行词在定语从句中的第二看先行词在定语从句中的 语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语法功能(做主语、宾语或状 语)语)第
2、三选择合适的关系词第三选择合适的关系词现在学习的是第2页,共84页1.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.WhatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_youwant?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itChoose the best answers:现在学习的是第3页,共84页4.Pleasetakethesecondchair_isoverthere.A.whereB.which
3、C.whoD.that5.Isoxygentheonlygas_helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it6.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_hehadstolentothepolice(NMET98)A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that现在学习的是第4页,共84页7.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanweexpected.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it现在学习的是第5页,共84页关系副词的用法关系副词的用法关系副词关系副词指代指代在从句中的作
4、用在从句中的作用when(=at/in/on/during which)where(=in/at/on/under which)why(=for which)时间时间时间状语时间状语地点地点地点状语地点状语原因原因原因状语原因状语现在学习的是第6页,共84页n(一)关系副词(一)关系副词where引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。nwhere引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点的名词,如点的名词,如place,factory,house,village等。等。n例:例:nChinaistheonlycountrywherewildpandascanbefound
5、.nThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.现在学习的是第7页,共84页知识拓展:知识拓展:1.关系副词关系副词where引导的定语从句可以转换为引导的定语从句可以转换为“介词介词(in/on/at/under等等)+which”引导的定引导的定语从句。语从句。Eg:Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.The hotel in which we stayed wasnt clean.=The hotel which/that we stayed in wasnt clean.现在学习的是第8页,共84页nThehousewhereL
6、uXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.=The house in which LuXun once lived is being repaired now.现在学习的是第9页,共84页n2.若定语从句的先行词是若定语从句的先行词是地点地点,但定语,但定语从句从句缺主语或宾语缺主语或宾语,用,用which或或that引导定语从引导定语从句,而不用句,而不用where来引导。来引导。The library that/which you visited yesterday was built in 1990.现在学习的是第10页,共84页n3.如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从
7、句分别修饰point,situation,stage,condition和和case,position等表示等表示抽象意义的词,常用抽象意义的词,常用where/prep+which引导,意思是引导,意思是“到了某种地步,在到了某种地步,在某种境况中某种境况中”。例:例:Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.现在学习的是第11页,共84页n【典型例题典型例题】n1.Itshelpfultoputchildreninasituation_theycanseethemselvesdifferently.nA.thatB.whennC.whichD
8、.where现在学习的是第12页,共84页n2.Lifeislikealongrace_wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.nA.whyB.whatnC.thatD.where现在学习的是第13页,共84页n3.IhavereachedapointinmylifeIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.nA.whichB.wherenC.howD.why现在学习的是第14页,共84页n4.TheywillflytoWashington,_theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.nA.whereB.th
9、erenC.whichD.when现在学习的是第15页,共84页nwhen引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间的名词,如间的名词,如time,day,hour,year等。等。n例:例:nThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.(二)关系副词(二)关系副词when引导的定语从句引导的定语从句现在学习的是第16页,共84页先行词是time时n若若time是作是作“次数次数”讲时,应用关系代词讲时,应用关系代词that引导引导的定语从句,的定语从句,that可以省略。可以省略
10、。nThisisthesecondtime(that)thepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.nIcouldhardlyrememberhowmanytimes(that)Ivefailed.n若若time作作”一段时间,时代一段时间,时代”讲时,应用关系副讲时,应用关系副词词when或介词或介词at/during+which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句nThiswasatatimewhen/duingwhichtherewasnoradios,notelephonesornoTVs.现在学习的是第17页,共84页n1.Thisisthesecondtime_Ihav
11、ebeenhere.n2.Canyoustillrememberthetime_wespenttogetherinourchildhood.n3.Thefirsttime_hesawher,hefellinlovewithher.n(1.that/不填2.that/which3.that/不填)现在学习的是第18页,共84页n4)Wearelivinginaage_manythingsaredoneontheInternet.nA.WhichB.ThatnC.WhoseD.when现在学习的是第19页,共84页n知识拓展:知识拓展:n1.关系副词关系副词when引导的定语从句也可以转引导的定语
12、从句也可以转换为换为“介词介词(in/at/on/during)+which”引导的引导的定语从句。定语从句。nIstillrememberthetimewhen(duringwhich)Ilivedinthecountryside.现在学习的是第20页,共84页n2.若定语从句的若定语从句的先行词是时间,先行词是时间,但定语但定语从句从句缺主语或宾语缺主语或宾语,则用,则用which或或that引导定语从引导定语从句。句。nIllneverforgetthetimethat/whichIspentoncampus.nIllneverforgetthetimethat/whichwasspen
13、twithyou.现在学习的是第21页,共84页n1.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone_local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.nA.ifB.whennC.whichD.since现在学习的是第22页,共84页n2.Wewentthroughaperiod_communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.nA.whichB.whosenC.inwhichD.withwhich现在学习的是第23页,共84页n3.Occasionsarequiterare_
14、Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.nA.WhonB.WhichnC.WhynD.When现在学习的是第24页,共84页n(三)关系副词(三)关系副词why引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。nwhy引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因的名词,如:的名词,如:excuse;explanation;reason等。等。n例:例:nThereasonwhyhedidntcometothepartyisthathedidntwanttoseeJane.现在学习的是第25页,共84页nWecantaccepttheexcusewhyyou
15、wereabsent.nThisistheexplanationwhytheyputoffthemeeting.现在学习的是第26页,共84页n知识拓展:知识拓展:n1.关系副词关系副词why引导的定语从句可以转换引导的定语从句可以转换为为“for+which”引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。nThisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididntcomehere.现在学习的是第27页,共84页n2.若定语从句的先行词是若定语从句的先行词是reason,但定语,但定语从从句缺主语或宾语句缺主语或宾语,则用,则用which或或that引导定引导定语从句。语从句。nThereaso
16、nthat/whichshegavemewasnottrue.现在学习的是第28页,共84页n即学即用n1)Thereason_hedidntcomewasthathewasill.n2)Thereasonheexplainedisnottrue.why that/which 现在学习的是第29页,共84页n3)Thereason_hewasabsentwas_hehadabadcold.nA.When,becausenB.When,whynC.WhybecausenD.Whythat现在学习的是第30页,共84页(四)Way后接定语从句的情况nway后面的定语从句的引导词有后面的定语从句的引
17、导词有which/inwhich/that/不填不填,如:,如:nIrecognizedhesfromAustraliafromntheway_hespeaks.in which(that/不填不填)现在学习的是第31页,共84页填上合适的关系词并分析原因填上合适的关系词并分析原因:1.Theway_heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填不填that/inwhich/不填不填缺状语缺宾语缺少主语或宾语缺少主语或宾语:引导词
18、用引导词用that/which/不填不填(缺宾语时缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺主语宾语都不缺:引导词用引导词用that/inwhich/不填不填现在学习的是第32页,共84页n1.Idontliketheway_youlaughather.nInwhich/that/不填现在学习的是第33页,共84页(四)判断关系代词与关系副词(四)判断关系代词与关系副词现在学习的是第34页,共84页n1.Thisisthemountainvillage_Ivisitedlastyear.n2.Thisisthemountainvillage_Istayedlastyear.n3.Thisisthemountai
19、nvillage_Istayedinlastyear.that/whichwherethat/which/不填不填现在学习的是第35页,共84页介词可后移,此时关系代词可以省略nThisisthebookforwhichyouasked.n=Thisisthebookwhich/that/不填youaskedfor.n但是有些固定动词短语不能拆开,介词不能提前,只能能够放在动词的后面nEg.ThisisXuJingleislatestmovie(which/that)sheislookingfor.现在学习的是第36页,共84页n1.Isthismuseum_youvisitedafewday
20、sago?nA.whereB.thatnC.onwhichD.theonen2.Isthisthemuseum_theexhibitionwasheld?nA.whereB.thatnC.onwhichD.theone现在学习的是第37页,共84页n归纳:归纳:n关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分,先行词在从句中作成分,先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词时,选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose);先行词在从句中作;先行词在从句中作状语状语时,应选时,应选择关系副词择关系副词(where地点状语,地点状语
21、,when时间时间状语,状语,why原因状语原因状语)。现在学习的是第38页,共84页“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句介词后的关系代词只能是介词后的关系代词只能是which(指物指物)whom(指人指人)现在学习的是第39页,共84页介词选择的三原则:n一介词根据从句谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定nonwhichIspent5yuan.nforwhichIpaid5yuan.nThisisthebookfromwhichIlearntalot.aboutwhichTomoftentalks现在学习的是第40页,共84页二.介词根据先行词的搭配习惯而确定nIrememberthedayonwhichI
22、joinedntheParty.nthedaysduringwhichInlivedhere.nthemonthinwhicIstayednthere.现在学习的是第41页,共84页三.介词根据从句所表达的意义而确定nMycomputer,withoutwhichIcantplaycomputergames,crashedyesterday.nLearningacountryscultureislikeopeningawindow,throughwhichyoucanknowaboutthatcountrybetter.现在学习的是第42页,共84页四.当表示所有关系或是整体中的一部分时,常用
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