专题04 必修1 Unit 4-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(讲)(含答案解析).docx
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1、2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测第04讲 必修1 Unit 4讲【核心素养分析】语言知识:要求考生掌握并能运用英语词汇、语法基础知识以及所学话题。1 .考纲内要掌握的词汇、短语和句型项目单词及其词性变化(语法填空必备)burst vi.爆裂;爆发n.突然破裂,爆发event n.事件;大事nation n.民族;国家;国民national adj.国家的,民族的nationality n.国籍1. ruinn.废墟;毁灭vt.毁灭;使破产suffering n.苦难;痛苦-suffer v,受苦,遭受extreme adj.极度的一extremely adv.2. injure vt.损害;伤
2、害一injured adi.受伤的injury n伤害,损害destroy vt.破坏;毁坏;消灭useless adj.无用的;无效的;无益的useful(反义词)一use v. & n.使用,利用shock vt.&vi.(使)震惊;震动n.休克;打击;震惊重点单词11.rescue n. & vt.援救;营救12. 正皿vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱;困境13. electricity n.电;电流;电学electric adj用电的;带电的;发电的electrical adj.与电有 关的;电学的14. disaster n.灾难;灾祸bury vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏shelter n.掩蔽
3、;掩蔽处;避身处damage n. & vt.损失; 损害15. frighten vt.使惊吓;吓唬一frightened adj.受惊的;受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的judge n.裁判员;法官vt.断定;判断;判决judgement n.判断,判决express vt.表示;表达n.快车;速递一expression n.表达一expressive adj.有表现力的【解析】考查介词。句意:听到这条消息她很震惊。分析句子结构可知,此处应填介词与后面名词shock 构成介词短语作前面谓语动词was的表语,in shock表示“震惊。故填in。3. We found ou
4、rselves(shock) by the large number of visitors.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】shocked【解析】考查形容词。句意:我们被大量的参观者震惊了。“find+宾语+adj.”为固定结构,空处需填形容词 作宾语补足语,shock使震惊,shocked描述人的感受,震惊的,故填shocked。4. (2019全国)Judging from his look, the news was(shock).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】shocking【解析】考查形容词。句意:从他的表情判断,这消息令人震惊。分析句子结构,该空作was后的表语, 用形容词,v
5、+ed形式的形容词修饰人,而v+ing形式的形容词修饰物,句子主语是the news,用v+ing形式 的形容词,表示“令人震惊的“,所以填shocking。5. (2020全国)All the people(shock ) to hear that a school bus fell into a river.(所给词的适当形式 填空)【答案】were shocked【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:听到一辆校车掉进河里,所有的人都很震惊。句子主语AH the people 是复数形式,be shocked to do sth”惊讶于做某事”为固定短语,再根据fell into a rive
6、r.”可知,本句为一般过 去时。故答案为were shocked。【变式】(2021 天津期末)Looking through my newspaper, Pm(shock) by photos showing the destruction of the hurricane.【答案】shocked【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:翻阅报纸时,我被显示飓风破坏程度的照片震惊了。分析句子结构可知, 此句已有谓语am,此空应用非谓语作状语,且表示“正在看报纸的时候,看到了照片被震惊了“,所以此空 用过去分词形式,故填shocked。1. (2021 天津静海一中期末)Although she had
7、been ill for a long time, it still came as shock when sheeventually died.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意:尽管她病了很长一段时间,但当她最终去世时,还是令人震惊。此处指一件令 人震惊的事,故填a。知识点5.bury vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏【归纳拓展】bury oneself in study 埋头研究bury oneself in (doing) sth.专心致力于(做)某事be buried in thoughts 沉思bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面be buried alive被活
8、埋;隐居【温馨提示】表示“专心于,致力于意义的短语还有:be devoted to, be addicted to, be absorbed in等。【典例5】单项选择(2021 广东汕头市金山中学期中)On the bad news,she cried with her face in hands.A. heard; buriedB. hearing; buryingC. heard; buryingD. hearing; buried【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配和过去分词。句意:一听到这个坏消息、,她双手捂着脸哭了。ondoingsth “一. 就。”with后接的是一个复合结构,此空需
9、用bury的非谓语动词形式,逻辑主语是face与bury在逻辑上是 被动关系,所以用过去分词,故填buried。故选D。1. This is the best way they have thought of the miners.A. rescuing; buryingB. to rescue; buriedC. to rescue; buryingD. rescuing; buried【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中they have thought of作定语,修饰the best way,故后面用不定式to rescue; miners与bury为被动关系,故用过去分词,选B。2
10、. It is said that the old pot under the earth for about 1000 years by the time it was discovered.A. had buriedB. had been buried C. buriedD. were buried【答案】B【解析】考查时态与语态。By要与完成时连用,本题by后面跟的是过去的时间,要与过去完成时连用,意 义是又是应该被动,所以选B。句意:据说那个旧罐在被发现之前已经在地下被埋了 1000多年了。3. in her graduation paper, Mary has no time to
11、do a part-time job.A. Having been buryingB. Having buriedD. BuriedD. BuriedD. BuriedC. To be buried【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:(因为)专心于写毕业论文,玛丽没有时间做兼职。be buried in sth/bury oneself in sth/doing sth专心致志于,埋头于,buried在此是形容词化的过去分词,相当于一个形容词,类似 的还有worried, excited, lost, absorbed, interested, devoted等,且以-ed结尾的形容词修饰
12、人,这里相当于一个 原因状语从句 because Mary is buried in her graduation paper,故选 Do. After in the research for so many years, the scientist succeeded in finding the result at last.A. buriedB. being buried C. having buried D. having been buried【答案】D【解析】考查动名词用法。动名词的通常放在介词后后面。当动名词的动作发生在谓语动词之前的时候, 使用完成式。惊讶:在致力于研究工作很多
13、年以后,这位科学家终于成功找到了一个解决的方法。根据句 意说明多年的研究工作是在找到答案之前就发生的。故使用完成时。而本句是一个固定词组be buried in. 致力于. deep down in the earth for thousands of years, the dead forest has rotted away and become coal.A. Having buriedB. Being buriedC. BuriedD. To be buried【答案】C【解析】考查过去分词。句意:被埋在了泥土中数万年,死亡的森林已经腐烂变成了煤。动作bury与其逻 辑主语the de
14、ad forest是被动关系,用过去分词作原因状语,故选C。【变式】单句填空The young man buried himself the history book.【答案】in【解析】句意:这个年轻人埋头于自己的历史书,bury oneself in固定搭配,意思是把某人自己埋葬于 之中,所以用in。1. At dusk, they(bury)the dead and hurried to the next village.【答案】buried【解析】考查时态。句意:在黄昏的时候,他们埋好死人,匆忙前往下一个村子。并列连词and前后的时 态应该是一致的,都应该使用一般现在时,所以要填过去式
15、buried。2. He sank down on the ground,(bury) his face in his hands.【答案】burying【解析】考查现在分词作状语。句意:他坐到地上,双手捂着脸。动词短语bury his face in his hands与主语 he构成主动关系,要使用现在分词作状语。所以要填burying。3. He was so(bury)in thought that he didn*t see the pole on the road.【答案】buried【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:他太专心于思考了,结果没有看到公路上的柱子。be buried in
16、埋头于; 专心于“。故填buried。4. . The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, (bury) herself in the book in her hands.【答案】burying【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:那个女孩坐在公园的长椅上,埋头看书。分析句子结构可知bury在句中 做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语girl构成主动关系用现在分词。故填burying。5. She sat there, burying her face hands.(用适当的词填空)【答案】in【解析】考查介词。句意:她坐在那里,双手掩面。固定短语:bury on
17、es face in one,s hands双手掩面,根 据句意,可知填介词in。分析句子可知,本句中,“sat”为谓语,“burying her face hands”做 状语,故填in。6. (2020福建厦门一中)The dead(bury) in large communal graves.(所给词的正确形式填空)【答案】were buried【解析】考查谓语动词。句意:死者被埋葬在大型公共坟墓。设空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主语之间是 被动关系,结合语境可知“埋葬”发生在过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故答案为were buried。7. (2020全国)It is time(bury
18、) our differences and be friends again.(用单词适当形式填空)【答案】to bury【解析】考查固定句型。句意:是时候埋葬我们的分歧,重新成为朋友了。It is time to do sth.“到了做某事 的时候了”是固定句型,故填to buryo(2020全国)He buried (him) in his detective story again.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】himself【解析】考查反身代词。句意:他又埋头读他的侦探小说了。由提示词him以及buried.in可知,此处 应填入反身代词himself,构成固定短语bury ones
19、elf in表示“埋头于/专心致志于故填himself。8. (2020全国)(bury)under the ruins, the little girl was rather frightened.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Buried【解析】考查过去分词。句意:被埋在废墟下的小女孩非常害怕。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语动词, 且前后句之间没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语,空处动词bury与主句主语the little girl之间是被 动关系,所以空处需用过去分词buried作状语,句首单词首字母需大写。故填Buried。知识点6.judge v.断定;判断;判决n.裁判员
20、;法官;评判员【归纳拓展】judgment n.判断,审判,意见,判断力 judging by/from从上看,根据判断judge sb./sth. from/by.从来判断judge between right and wrong 判断是非as far as I can judge据我判断,我认为in ones judgement依某人看来,按某人的看法【典例6】The smartphone to be the best ever, users all over the world claim they love it.A. is judgedB. judgedC. having judge
21、d D. to be judged【答案】B【解析】考查独立主格。句意:这个手机被评为史上最好,全球的使用者都声称喜欢它。分析句子结构可 知,此处为独立主格,逻辑主语smartphone和judge之间是被动关系,故用过去分词形judged。故选B项。【变式】语法填空(judge) from his accent, he must be America.【答案】Judging; from【解析】句意:从他的口音判断,他一定来自美国。“从判断”用judging from/by, “来自”用be from。1. (judge) from her last letter, they are havi
22、ng a wonderful time.【答案】Judging【解析】考查动词。句意:由她上一封信来判断,他们过得很愉快。Judging from为习惯短语,在句中作状 语。首字母需要大写。故填Judging。2. (judge) by the look on his face, the news must have been terrible.【答案】Judging【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意:从他脸上的表情来判断,这消息一定很可怕。本句已经存在谓语动词 且句中没有连词,故judge做非谓语动词。此处为现在分词作独立成分修饰整个句子,故填Judging。3. (judge) the pla
23、n, America will become the worlds biggest oil producer by round 2020.【答案】Judging from【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:根据该计划判断,到2020年前后,美国将成为世界上最大的石油生产国。judging from根据判断,固定搭配。4. (2021 全国)Don*t judge a book its cover.(用适当的词填空)【答案】by【解析】考查固定短语。句意:不要根据一本书的封面来判断它里面的内容。(不要以貌取人)。根据句意 “以来判断”和空前的“judge”可知,此处为固定短语judgeby。故填by。5
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