高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点总结带答案第b6589期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点总结带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1、Jenny said that she had never thought in her life that she would ever sing .But now, singing in the choir provides from what she calls the “ gray days.A. realityB. reliefC. missionD. fault答案：B 解析: 考杳名词词义辨析。句意：珍妮说她这辈子从没想过自己会唱歌，但现在，在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的 灰暗日子。A.reality现

2、实;B.relief减轻，解除；emission任务;D.fault错误。根据句意以及But now可知, 但现在，在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的“灰暗日子。应选B项。2、The earth is the planet provides us with everything we need,fresh air,clean water,so its our duty toprotect it.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. in which答案：A 解析: 考查定语从句。句意：地球是提供我们需要的一切一一新鲜的空气，干净的水一一的星球，所以保护它是我们 的责任。分析句子结构可知

3、，planet为先行词，后接限制性定语从句，先行词为物，在从句中做主语、可用 which或者that,根据所给选择项，应选A项。3、According to the result of a recent study published by Cambridge University, such as stubbornness and shyness, have a major impact on learning.A. featuresB. personalitiesC. memoriesD. appearances答案：B 解析:答案：c 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：就业市场上的选择过程是

4、基于标准能力测试和经验。A. concept概念，定义；B. crew全体船员,全体机组人员;C. competence能力；D. cruelty残忍,残酷。根据语意以及下文“experience 可知，就业市场的选择标准是依据求职人的能力和经验。应选C项。30、The map shows the to the base of the mountain, which can be reached in an hour.A. routeB. prospectC. gesture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这张地图展示了到山脚的路线，一个小时就能到达。A. route路线；B. pros

5、pect前 景；C. gesture姿势。根据句中“which can be reached in an hour”可知,地图应该是展示了到山脚的路线,沿着 这条路线，一个小时就能到达山脚，route意为“路线”，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。31、The university will reach its of 5,000 students next September.A. accounts. benefitC. targetD. process答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:这所大学明年9月将到达招收5000名学生的目标。A. account账户；B. benefit利 益；C.

6、target 目标；D. process 过程。由reach”和5,000 students next September7可知，句子表示“这所大学明 年9月将到达招收5000名学生的目标,因此空格处是“目标”，是target,应选C。32、Some experts claim that the of students should cover more aspects, such as activity involvement andteamwork contributions.A. admissionB. assessmentC. awarenessD. ambition答案：B 解析:1

7、0 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些专家称学生评估应该包含更多方面，例如参与活动和团队贡献。A. admission 成认；B. assessment 评估；C. awareness 意识；D. ambition 抱负。根据such as activity involvement and teamwork contributions.可知，此处是指对学生的评估。应选B。33、The branch of olive is the of peace.A. symbolB. signC. signalD. mark答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：橄榄枝是和平的象征。A. symbol象征;B.

8、 sign招牌,迹象；C. signal信号;D.mark符号，记号。结合常设可知，橄榄枝是和平的象征，symbol符合题意。应选A。in the morning.34 The sunrise is a beautifulA. traditionB. gravityC. sceneD. dessert答案：C解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：早晨的口出是一幅美丽的景色。A. tradition传统；B. gravity重力；C. scene景色;D. dessert甜点。根据The sunrise可知，日出是一幅美丽的景色。应选C。35、More and more travelers are lo

9、oking for bed and breakfast in private rooms.A. accommodationB. occupationC. equipmentD. furniture答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:越来越多的旅行者于私家住房中寻求带有早餐的住宿。A. accommodation住宿；B.occupation工作；C. equipment设备；D. furniture家具。根据句意,此处指“住宿”,应该用名词accommodation在介词for看作宾语。应选A项。36、This new variety of music is a around the w

10、orld.11A. phenomenon; spreadsB. phenomena; spreadingC. phenomenon; spreadingD. phenomena; spread答案：C解析：考查名词和非谓语动词。句意：这种新的音乐形式正在世界各地传播。根据不定冠词a,此处用单数名词 phenomenon （现象）。分析句子结构，空格二用非谓语动词，与前面名词phenomenon构成主动关系，用现 在分词形式，spreading符合题意。应选C项。37、The job must have good expression skills.A. cheaterB. philosophe

11、rC. warriorD. applicant答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这份工作的申请人必须有好的表达技巧。A. cheater骗子；B. philosopher哲学家； C. warrior勇士： D. applicant申请人。只有applicant可以job形成词组“工作申请人”，其他项均与语义不符， 应选D项。38、George bought a lottery ticket issued by a bank a few days ago . The opened yesterday and he won a prize of $500000.A. medalsB. awa

12、rdsC. rewardsD. sum答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析二句意：George几天前买了一张由银行发行的彩票。昨天开奖了，他赢得了 500000美元 的大奖。A.medals奖牌，奖章；B.awards奖金，奖品；C.rewards奖励，报酬；D.sum金额，款项。由句意及 其中的lottery ticket和prize可推知，此处要表达的是彩票开奖，强调的是“奖品、奖金的含义,B选项符合 题意。应选B项。39、Although three teams adopted different to the problem, they all succeeded.12A. methodsB

13、. waysC. approachesD. means答案：C解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：虽然三个小组对这个问题采取了不同的方法，但他们都成功了。A. methods方法;ways方式，方法；C. approaches方法；D. means方法。浏览选项可知，四个选项都有方法的意思，但根 据句中“to the problem”可知,句中涉及固定短语，n approach t。sth.，意为”.的方法此时“to”为介词,而 “method和means”不和介词t。连用,a way to do sth.意为做某事的方法”,但这个短语中“to为不定式符 号，不是介词。应选C项。40、Now, re

14、duced energy supplies have led to more in the technology of new energy vehicles.A. advancesB. traditionsC. behaviorsD. examples答案：A解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：现在，能源供应的减少导致了新能源汽车技术的更多进步。A. advances进步；B. traditions传统；C. behaviors行为；D. examples例子。由语意可知,能源供应的减少导致了新能源汽车技术的 更多进步。应选A项。41、Weve made our plans, and now we

15、 must put them into.A. factB. practiceC. realityD. deed答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已订好计划，现在必须付诸实施。A. fact事实；B. practice实践；C. reality现 实;D. deed 行动。根据上文Weve made our plans, and now we must put them into”指把计划付诸实施应用 put into practiceo 应选 B。42、Dont scold him. He was just trying to do a good.A. thingB. actC. ma

16、nnerD. deed13答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：别骂他，他只是想做一件好事。A. thing事情；B. act行为；C. manner举止；D.deed行为;事迹。根据上文“He was just trying to do a good”可知,此处表示“做一件好事，应用固定搭配do a good deed,应选 D。43、 I have often thought it would be a if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days atsome time during his early a

17、dult life.A. blanketB. contestC. blessingD. outcome答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我常想，如果每个人在他成年初期的某段时间里，都遭受失明和失聪的痛苦，那 将是一件幸事。A. blanket毯子;B. contest比赛; C. blessing幸事;D. outcome结果。根据句意结合生活 常识，可知如果每个人在他成年初期的某段时间里，都遭受失明和失聪的痛苦，那将是一件幸事。应选C。44、Working on this paper is my first step towards becoming a journalist, so t

18、his has been for me.A. a successB. succeedC. successD. is successful答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：写这篇论文是我成为记者的第一步，所以这对我来说是成功的。A:a success一件成功的事;B:succeed 成功;C:success 成功;D:is successful 是成功的;结合句意,this 指代上句Working on this paper is my first step towards becoming a journalist,(写这篇论文是我成为记者的第一步)是指的具体一件成功的事，为 抽象名词具体化。应选

19、A。45、(l)Having adopted a new method, they worked.(2) The teacher praised him for his working in organizing the conference.A. efficient;efficiencyB. efficiently;efficiency;C. efficiently;efficientD. efficient;efficient14答案：B解析：考查形容词，副词，名词。句意：采用了新方法后，他们工作得很有效率。老师表扬了他组织会议的工作效 率。A. efficient高效的（形容词）；eff

20、iciency效率（名词）；B. efficiently高效地（副词）；efficiency效率（名词）；C. efficiently 高效地（副词）：efficient 效率（名词）；D.efficient 高效的（形容词），efficient 效的（形容词）。第一空需要副词修饰动词worked；第二空需填一个名词作介词for的宾语。应选B项。46、Patience is an important of a happy and rewarding life. After all, there is always something worthwaiting for in our life.A

21、. lessonB. experienceC. purposeD. quality答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：耐心是快乐而有意义的生活的重要品质。毕竟，在我们的生活中总有一些值得等 待的东西。A. lesson 课程;B. experience 经历;C.purpose 目的；D.quality 品质。根据上文“Patience is an important指耐心是重要品质，应用quality。应选D“47、The of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cured.A. harmonyB.

22、relaxationC. reliefD. ease答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：减轻疼痛很容易,但疾病很难治愈。A. harmony和谐;B. relaxation放松；C. relief 减轻；D. ease 舒适。根据后文“of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cured”可知指减轻 疼痛应用relief,应选Co48、The prince lived in a large and beautiful.A. hurricaneB. castleC. petrolD. calligraphy

23、答案：B15解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：王子住在一座又大又漂亮的城堡里。A. hurricane飓风；B. castle城堡；C. petrol汽 油；D. calligraphy书法。根据常识判断可知，王子一般住在城堡里。应选B。49、We have all come into the world with a/an in life and we can all contribute to making the world abetter place.A. missionB. substanceC. authorityD. collision答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都带着

24、人生的使命来到这个世界，我们都可以为让世界变得更美好做出贡献。A. mission使命；B. substance物质；C. authority权力;D. collision碰撞。根据句意可知，“为让世界变得更美 好而做出贡献应该是我们每个人的使命，“mission意为“使命，名词词性，符合句意.应选A项。50、Though college education leads to more and better employment opportunities, it is not the only for asuccessful future.A. optionB. gorgeC. princi

25、ple答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管大学教育带来了更多更好的就业机会，但它并不是一个成功的未来的唯一选 择。A. option选项，选择；B. gorge峡谷；C. principle原那么。根据句意可知，句中指大学教育并不是通向成功 的未来的唯一选择，由此可知，空格处应用“option”,意为选项，选择，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。51 According to the picture, you can go there.16RESTROOMSwhen you want to have a restA. when you want to buy somethingwhen yo

26、u want something to drink答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：根据图片，你可以去那里。图片中文字意思：厕所、休息室。A.当你想休息时：B. 当你想买东西时；C.当你想喝点东西时。可知当你想休息时，你可以去那里。应选A。52、Friends can be divided into many. Some are say-hello friends who I call acquaintances. Some are profit-related friends; some are true friends.A. portionsB. qualitiesC. varietiesD.

27、 ranges答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析二句意：朋友可以分为很多种类。有些是打招呼的朋友，我称之为熟人。有些是与利益有 关的朋友；有些是真正的朋友。A. portions局部；B. qualities质量；C. varieties种类；D.ranges范围。根据 “Some are say-hello friends who I call acquaintances. Some are profit-related friends; some are true friends.”可知， 朋友会被分成很多种类。应选C。53、The local government has begun a i

28、n this city to cut down the traffic accidents.A. protestB. protectC. projectD. propose答案：C17解析：考杳名词和动词辨析。句意：当地政府在这个城市启动了一个方案以减少交通事故。A. protest抗议（动词或 名词）；B. protect保护（动词）；C. project方案（名词）：计划（动词）；D. propose提议（动词）。根据 冠词a可知，设空处需填入名词，结合主语government可知，名词project方案”符合句意。应选Co54、The present of education needs

29、 improving.A. systemB. dawnC. cometD. vitamin答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前的教育制度需要改进。A.system制度；B.dawn黎明：C et彗星：D.vitamin维生素。由of education可知,此处指“教育制度，system符合句意。应选A项。55、A popular saying goes, “It is easier to change the of a river than a persons nature/7A. sourceB. courseC. textureD. perception答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨

30、析。句意：俗话说：“改变河流的源头比改变一个人的本性更容易。A. source起源，资源；B. course课程；C. texture纹理；D. perception知觉。结合句意可知和“一个人的本性”能够并列的是“河流的源头”, 填入source符合题意。应选A。18 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据剑桥大学最近发表的一项研究结果，性格，例如固执和害羞对学习有重大影 响。A. feature 特征;B. personality 性格,气质；C. memory 回忆；D. appearance 外表。空后 such as stubbornness and shyness表示“例如固执和害羞”，都是

31、在对人的性格进行举例，故空处需填名词personalities 表示“性格。应选B项。4、The official is preparing documents for a four-nation regional meeting on elephant.A. constitutionB. affectionC. conservationD. production答案：C解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：这位官员正在为一个关于大象保护的四国区域会议准备文件。A. constitution构成, 组成；B. affection喜爱；C. conservation保护；D. production生产。

32、这里指关于大象保护的文件。应选C。5、Students study at their own and the teachers seldom set tests.A. netB. outlineC. contestD. pace答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生按照自己的节奏学习，老师很少设置考试。A.net网；B.outline大纲；C.contest比赛；D.pace速度，节奏。根据后半句老师很少设置考试，可推断前面学生都是按照自己的节奏学 习，应选D。6、You didnt do anything wrongyou should have a clear.A. costumeB.

33、 corporationC. contestD. conscience答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你没有做错任何事你应该问心无愧。A.costume戏装；B. corporation公司；C.contest竞赛；D. conscience良心；内疚。根据You didnt do anything wrong”可知，你没有做错任何事 你应该问心无愧。应选D项。7、Its wrong for someone in such a high in the government to behave too badly in public.A. situationB. employmentC.

34、professionD. position答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在政府中处于如此高位的人在公共场合表现得太糟糕是错误的。A. situation形势;employment 雇佣；C. profession 职业，专业；D. position 位置根据空后in the government to behave too badly in public.可知，空处需用名词position,表示在政府中处于如此高位的人在公众场合表现糟糕是错误的。 应选Do8、I like the style of his writing but I dont like the.A. confidenc

35、es. flightC. contentD. track答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析二句意：我喜欢他的写作风格，但不喜欢内容。A.confidence自信心；B.flight航班； C.content内容；D.track轨迹。根据句意以及转折关系可知，跟写作方面有关的就是写作的风格和内容。应选Co9、Yuan Longping devoted his life to the research and development of high-yielding rice, making outstanding contributions to Chinas food.A. lackB. cuis

36、ineC. securityD. purchase答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：袁隆平一生致力于高产水稻的研究和开发，为中国的粮食平安做出了杰出的贡献。 A. lack缺乏；B. cuisine风味；C. security平安；D. purchase采购。由语意可知，袁隆平一生致力于研究高产、 平安的水稻。应选C项。10、The royal family has announced that the of the new baby is female.A. weightB. issueC. gender答案：C解析：考杳名词。句意：皇室宣布新生儿的性别为女性。A.weight重量；B.

37、issue问题；C.gender性别。根据空格后 “female”可知，空格处指性别。应选C。11、Jay Leno, the host of the “Tonight show, once said that every new challenge put all the resources of the host to the test, and most solutions belonged to the.A. accidentB. customC. eventD. occasion答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jay Leno曾经说过，每一次挑战都在测试主持人的资源，大多数的解

38、决方法都属于 偶然。A. accident偶然；B. custom风俗；C.event项FI,大事件；D. occasion场合。根据句意分析可知，此处 表示“解决方式属于偶然”，表达为accident。应选A。12、The second he heard the news, a(n) of surprise appeared on his face.A. attentions. expressionC. impressionD. appearance答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一听到这个消息，脸上就露出惊讶的表情。A.attention注意力；B. expression表 情；C

39、.impression印象;D. appearance出现。根据appeared on his face.可知，脸上露出惊讶的表情。应选B 项。13、Angela and Ajani will pick up the marriage after they meet online several times, which is not sensible.A. acquisitions. identificationC. certificateD. qualification答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Angela和Ajani在网上见过几次面后就去领取结婚证，这是不明智的。A.ac

40、quisition 习得；B. identification iRSO； C. certificate 证明；D. qualification 资格。结合句意和句中which is not sensible可推知，Angela和Ajani在网上见过几次面后就结婚领证，是不明智的行为。名词词组marriage certificate意为“结婚证书,符合句意。应选C项。14、The police ordered him not to leave the city without.A. atmosphereB. baconC. curiosityD. permission答案：D解析：考杳名词词义辨

41、析。句意：警察命令他未经允许不得离开这座城市。A. atmosphere气氛；B. bacon熏肉；C. curiosity好奇心；D. permission许可。由The police ordered him可知,此处应该是“未经允许不得离开这座城 市”,permission符合句意。应选D项。15、Anyway, whether they like it or not, they do give people a very good.A. impressionB. impressC. impressiveD. impressed答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：不管怎样，不管他们喜欢与否，他们

42、确实给人们一个很好的印象。A.impression印象；mpress留下深刻印象：C.impressive令人印象深刻的;D.impressed印象深刻的。a very good后跟名词的单 数形式，因此空格处是“impression,应选A。16、To the great of the citizens, no one else was infected with the coronavirus except the 136 confirmedcases.A. relaxationB. disappointmentC. reliefD. surprise答案：C解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：

43、令市民大为宽慰的是，除了 136例确诊病例外，没有其他人感染了冠状病毒。A.relaxation 放松;B. disappointment 失望：C. relief 解脱、宽慰;D. surprise 惊讶。结合no one else was infected with the coronavirus可知，知晓无其他人感染冠状病毒，市民肯定大感宽慰。应选C项。17、The US said it was ready to join the between the six countries and Iran.A. translations. determinationC. definitionD

44、. negotiation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:美国表示，它已准备好参加六国与伊朗之间的谈判。A. translation翻译；B.determination 决心；C. definition 定义；D. negotiation 谈判。根据between the six countries and Iran.可知，此 处表示参加六国与伊朗之间的谈判。应选D。18、The of this city are quite a few, like its theme park, the Huge Open-air Water-screen Film, the SundayParade

45、of Citizens, and so on.A. collectionsB. attractionsC. relationsD. occasions答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个城市的吸引人之处有很多，比方它的主题公园、大型露天水幕电影、周日市 民游行等等。A. collections 收集;B. attractions 吸引；C. relations 关系；D. occasions 场合。根据后文“of this city are quite a few, like its theme park, the Huge Open-air Water-screen Film, the

46、 Sunday Parade of Citizens, and so on”可知此处指这个城市的吸引人之处，应用collections。应选B。19、The athletes are anxiously waiting for the final of the game, because it is essential for them to go intothe next round.A. outcomeB. outlineC. comebackD. cooperation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：运发动们正在焦急地等待着比赛的最终结果，因为这是进入下一轮所必需的。A.outco

47、me结果；B. outline概述：C. comeback重返；D.cooperation合作。根据句意本句指比赛结果。应选A。20、The only way to improve is through hard work and strong.A. confirmationB. registrationC. perseveranceD. significance答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：进步的唯一途径是通过努力和坚强的毅力。A. confirmation确认，证实；B.registration登记,注册；C. perseverance毅力;D. significance重要性。根

48、据句意及常识可知,只有通过努力 和坚定的毅力才能取得进步。应选521、Weve had a few, but were still good friends.A. disagreeB. disagreesC. disagreementD. disagreements答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：我们有过一些分歧，但我们仍然是好朋友。分析句子可知，设空处单词在句中作宾语，应 用名词，“disagree意为不同意,动词词性，故A和B排除，disagreement意为分歧”，为可数名词,句中 “a few意为一些，儿个“，后接可数名词复数形式，故空格处应用disagreement的复数形式disagreements。 应选D项。22、The plan was so shallow and impractical that no serious was ever made to realize it.A. achieve