高中英语高考英语名词必考题型及答题技巧带答案第k6230期.docx

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1、高中英语高考英语名词必考题型及答题技巧带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1、The program is aimed to give the people in the countryside to safe drinking water.A. accessB. passageC. wayD. approach答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和短语。句意：这个工程目标是给农村人提供使用平安饮水的机会。A.access接触；B.passage通道；C.way方式；D.approach方法。根据accessto （使用.的机会）可知空格处填access。应选Ao2、The age of the

2、students ranged from 17 to 21 with a （n）of 19.A. averageB. usualC. normalD. regular答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生的年龄从17岁到21岁不等，平均年龄为19岁。A. average平均；B.usual通 常；C. normal正常；D. regular常客，主力。结合from ：17 to 21可知,此处指“平均年龄是19岁，应选A项。3、 He is a wonderful of mine and we can talk for hours on end.A. componentB. committ

3、eeC. communityD. companion答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:他是我的好伙伴，我们可以连续谈上几个小时。A. component组成局部；B.committee 委员会；C. community 社区；D. companion 同伴。根据前文“He及后文“we can talk for hours on end” 可知，此处指同伴；伙伴。应选D项。4、 Shes battling with her over whether to tell the police what she saw.A. complaintB. consequenceC. conscienceD

4、. composition 答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：辣、咸、酣、酸的混合口味使宫保鸡丁难以抗拒。A.decoration装饰；B.construction建造； C petition竞争；D bination结合。设空处在句中作主语，结合句意和空后的of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours可知，此处是指几种口味的结合。应选D。30、 I havent seen Sarah since she was a little girl and she has changed beyond.A. generations. recognitionC. inve

5、stigationD. graduation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从萨拉小时候就没见过她了，她已经变得认不出来了。A.generation 一代（人）；B.recognition 认出， 识另U； C.investigation 调查；D.graduation 毕业。 根据havent seen Sarah since she was a little girl可知，此处是指她已经变了许多，让人认不出来了。应选B。31、We should respect the peoples religious.A. blossomB. beliefC. poetD. award答案：B解

6、析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应该尊重人民的宗教信仰。A. blossom花朵；B. belief信仰；C.poet诗人；D. award奖励。由religious可知,此处指宗教信仰。应选B项。32、 He cant be a doctor, for the of blood always makes him feel sick.A. sightB. lookC. viewD. form答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不可能是医生，因为看到血总是让他感到恶心。A.sight看见；B.look眼神，样10子；C.view看法；D.form形式。根据makes him feel sic

7、k. 可知，看到血总是让他感到恶心。应选A项。33、To the great of the citizens, no one else was infected with the coronavirus except the 136 confirmedcases.A. relaxationB. disappointmentC. reliefD. surprise答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：令市民大为宽慰的是，除了 136例确诊病例外，没有其他人感染了冠状病毒。A.relaxation 放松；B. disappointment 失望；C. relief 解脱、宽慰；D. surpris

8、e 惊讶。结合“no one else was infectedwith the coronavirus可知，知晓无其他人感染冠状病毒，市民肯定大感宽慰。应选C项。34、 I am afraid I can not help you as it is beyond my.A. forceB. strengthC. energyD. power答案：D 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：恐怕我帮不了你的忙，这事我无能为力。A. force武力；B.strength力量；C.energy 能量；D. power 能力。根据上文“I am afraid I can not help you as it

9、 is beyond my可知为短语 beyondones power表示“力所不及。应选D。35、At present, the plays an important role in the citys transportation system.A. hikeB. fitnessC. subwayD. stress答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:目前，地铁在城市交通系统中扮演着重要的角色。A. hike徒步旅行；B.fitness健康；C.subway地铁；D.stress压力。根据常识可知，地铁属于城市交通系统的一局部。应选C。36、The of a passage gives

10、 readers very important information about the main idea of it.A. titleB. homeworkC. houseworkD. panic11答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一篇文章的标题可以给读者提供有关文章主旨的重要信息。A. title标题；B.homework家庭作业;C.housework家务；D.panic惊恐。根据the main idea ”可知，此处表示文章的标题。故 选Ao37 Now I know that the proper way is always her way.A. objectB. ob

11、ject complementC. predicativeD. attribute答案：c解析：考查句子结构。句意：现在我知道，正确的方式永远是她的方式。分析句子可知，关系词that引导的是宾语 从句，作谓语动词know的宾语，从句中the proper way为主语，is是系动词，her way作系动词is的表语， 所以划线处为从句的表语。应选C项。38、 Life is full of, so we must think clearly about how to make them before deciding.A. choicesB. candlesC. colorsD. compet

12、itions答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活中充满了选择，所以我们必须在做出决定之前仔细地考虑清楚要如何做出选 择。A. choices 选择;B. candles 蜡烛；C. colors 颜色；D. competitions 竞争。根据后文的 we must think clearly about how to make them before deciding可推断，此处指生活中充满了选择，所以才需要在做出决定之前仔 细地考虑清楚要如何选择。应选A项。39、 Soldiers who are fighting together often have a strong feeli

13、ng of.A. brotherhoodB. brotherC. brothersD. brotherly答案：A 解析:12 考查名词。句意：一起作战的士兵通常有强烈的兄弟情谊。A. brotherhood兄弟情谊；B.brother兄弟；C.brothers 兄弟（复数）；D. brotherly 兄弟的。根据上文Soldiers who are fighting together（一起作战的士兵）可知, 一起作战的士兵会有强烈的兄弟情谊，所以此处指“兄弟情谊，应用名词brotherhood,应选A。40、While most of us are only too ready to oth

14、ers the cold wind of, we are somehow reluctantto give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.A. respond to.conflicts, apply to .criticismC. react to.threatD. reply to.superiority答案：B解析：考查动词短语辨析和名词词义辨析。句意：我们大多数人只愿意把批评的冷风施加到别人身上，但不知何故 却不愿意把赞美的温暖阳光给予我们的同伴。A. respond to对作出回应，conflict冲突，矛盾；B. apply to 把

15、应用到，把施加到，criticism批评;C. react to对作出反映,threat威胁;D.reply to对作 出回复，superiority优越，优势。根据while可知，前后两句表示转折关系。所以，the cold wind of和第二句话中的give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise”正好相反。和 praise 相反的是“批评（criticism）”。所以应该选Bo apply sth. to sb.意为将应用到,将施加到。该处指apply the cold wind of criticism to others（将批评的冷风施加到别

16、人身上，即：批评别人）。应选B。41、 The official is preparing documents for a four-nation regional meeting on elephant.A. constitutionB. affectionC. conservationD. production答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位官员正在为一个关于大象保护的四国区域会议准备文件。A. constitution构成, 组成；B. affection喜爱;C. conservation保护；D. production生产。这里指关于大象保护的文件。应选CoThe murd

17、er is still under.A. attempt, investigatingB. attempted, investigating13C. attempted, investigationD. attempting, investigation答案：c解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：这起谋杀未遂事件仍在调查中。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词murder, attempt的形容词是attempted,意为未遂的，under后跟名词作宾语,investigate的名词是investigation, under investigation 意为“在调查中，因此第一空是 attempted,第

18、二空是 investigation,应选 C。42、 The Chinese volleyball team won the World Cup victory, which was beyond our wildest.A. inspirations. expectationsC. invitationsD. cooperation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国排球队赢得了世界杯的胜利，这大大超出我们的预料。A. inspiration灵感；B. expectations期望；预料；C.invitations邀请;D.cooperation合作。根据句意可知，中国排球队赢得世界杯

19、的 胜利，所以这出乎我们的意料，beyond ones expectation表示超出某人的预料，应选B。44 Norris twice knocked down his in the early rounds of the fight.A. opponents. asteroidC. nephewD. triathlete答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺里斯在比赛的前几轮中两次击倒了对手。A. opponent对手；B. asteroid海星；C. nephew侄子；D. triathlete三项全能运发动。根据语境，诺里斯两次击倒的应该是自己的对手，opponent表 示，对手符合

20、语意。应选a项。45、The winner will receive of books.A. a ten pound worthB. ten pound worthyC. ten pounds worthD. ten pounds worthy答案：C14解析: 考查名词所有格。句意：获胜者将得到价值10英镑的书籍。worth价值，为名词，通常worth后面跟着of, 而旦句子里一般含有具体金钱数额。ten pounds后接名词，而worthy是形容词，应选C。46、 The selection process in the job market is based on standard te

21、sts of and experience.A. conceptB. crewC. competenceD. cruelty答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：就业市场上的选择过程是基于标准能力测试和经验。A. concept概念，定义；B.crew全体船员,全体机组人员;C. competence能力；D.cruelty残忍,残酷。根据语意以及下文“experience 可知，就业市场的选择标准是依据求职人的能力和经验。应选C项。47 People in this country who have no job can get money from, but it isnt much to

22、 live on.A. welfareB. priceC. prizeD. salary答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个国家里，失业者可以从社会福利中得到钱，但靠这点钱生活并不算多。A. welfare （政府给予的）福利；B.price价格；C.prize奖赏；D.salary工资。根据前文who have no job”可知, 因为是没有工作的人，由此可知，此处需用名词welfare,表示从社会福利中得到钱。应选A。48 We have a lot of for the single mother, for she had to bring up the children on

23、 her own.A. confidenceB. ambitionC. courageD. sympathy答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很同情这个单亲妈妈，因为她必须单独抚养孩子。A. confidence信心；B.ambition 抱负；C. courage 勇气；D.sympathy 同情。根据后文“for she had to bring up the children on her own （因为她必须单独抚养孩子）可知，此处表示我们同情她。应选D。1549、 Through this, the disease was stopped in its tracks.A. i

24、nfectionB. interruptionC. interventionD. intuition答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这种干预，阻断了这种疾病的传播。A.infection感染;B.interruption打断，暂 停；C.intervention 干预，介入；D.intuition 直觉。结合the disease was stopped in its tracks可知，此处指通过 干预，疾病被阻断传播，应选C项。50、We made him our monitor.戈线成分是A.宾语B.定语C.状语D.宾补答案：D解析：考查句子成分。句意：我们选他当班长。句子中，动

25、词made为谓语，him为宾语，our monitor意为我们的 班长，对宾语作补充说明，为宾语补足语。应选D。51、 The sunrise is a beautiful in the morning.A. traditionB. gravityC. sceneD. dessert答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:早晨的日出是一幅美丽的景色。A. tradition传统；B.gravity重力；C.scene景色； D. dessert甜点。根据The sunrise可知，日出是一幅美丽的景色。应选C。52、Though David received the from the schoo

26、l basketball team, he didnt give up his dream andcontinued practicing hard.A. interactionB. companionshipC. cooperationD. rejection答案：D16解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，但他并没有放弃自己的梦想，并继续努力练 习。A. interaction互动；B. companionship友谊；C.cooperation合作；D.rejection拒绝。根据上下文的转折 关系，可知大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，拒绝（rejection）符合

27、语境和句意，应选D。53、 The only thing he listened to while up was Jazz music, for which he showed a particular.A. grew; preferences, was growing; interestC. grown; interestD. growing; preference答案：D解析：考查省略和名词词义辨析。句意：在他成长的过程中，他听的唯一的音乐就是爵士乐，因此他对爵士乐有特 殊的偏爱。while引导时间状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，那么从句的主语和be动词都可 以省略，所以 wh

28、ile （he was） growing。preference （爱好,偏爱的事物）；interest （兴趣）。show a preference 现出偏爱）。根据The only thing he listened to while up was Jazz music可知，他对爵士乐有特殊的偏爱。应选D。54、一 Sir, did you enjoy your stay in our?Yes, I slept well and I like the breakfast.A. hotelB. schoolC. factoryD. company答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一先生，您

29、在我们酒店过得愉快吗？一是的，我睡得很好，我喜欢早餐。A.hotel 宾馆；B.school 学校；C.factory 工厂；D pany 公司。根据 I slept well and I like the breakfast.”可知，住的是 宾馆。应选A项。55、 It took all day to transport the furniture to the new.A. debateB. survivalC. civilizationD. apartment答案：D17解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：把家具运到新公寓花了一整天的时间。A. debate辩论；B.survival生存；C

30、.civilization文明；D.apartment公寓。根据空前the furniture 可知，空处需用名词apartment,表示把家具搬到公寓去。应选D。18答案：c 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在与良心作斗争，不知道是否要把她所看到的告诉警察。A. complaint 抱怨;consequence 结果；C. conscience 良心；D. composition 成分。 根据“whether to tell the police what she saw.”可知，她的内心在与良心作斗争。应选C。5、 Hangzhou is such an city that it oft

31、en makes a strong on visitors and its sights never fail toattract foreign tourists.A. impressed, impressionB. impressing , impressionimpressive, impressD. impressive, impression答案：D 解析:考查形容词和名词。句意：杭州是一座令人印象深刻的城市，它经常给游客留下深刻的印象，它的风景总是 吸引着外国游客。第一个空要填形容词在句中做定语，修饰city。impressive令人难忘的”，可以用于人，也 可以用于物；-ing形

32、式形容词，一般用来修饰物体；-ed形式形容词一般用来修饰人。impressing一般不作形 容词用。make an impression on给留下印象。应选D。6、With the popularity of smart phones, people gradually lose the for watching television, which makes TV adecoration of the house.A. analysisB. appetiteC. incidentD. appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴

33、趣，这使得电视成为了家里的 一种装饰。A. analysis分析;B.appetite兴趣，欲望；C.incident事件；D.appreciation欣赏。根据which makes TV a decoration of the house可知，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，appetite符合题意。应选B。7、 Whats the common of dealing with youth crime in your area?Generally, education comes first.A. processB. procedureC. performanceD. practice答案：D

34、解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一在你们那里处理青少年犯罪的通常的做法是什么？一一通常，教育为先。 process过程；procedure程序，步骤；performance表现；practice惯常做的事,习惯,习俗,通常的做法。根据下文education comes first可知，此处询问处理青少年犯罪的通常的做法。应选D。8、 During the pandemic, all patients and their families, without, must carry their ID card and show their health QR code before enterin

35、g the hospital.A. permissionB. effortC. exceptionD. access答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在疾病大流行期间，所有患者及其家属，无一例外，在进入医院前都必须携带身 份证并出示健康二维码。A. permission许可；B.effort努力；C. exception例外；D.access通道。根据句意和句 中all patients and their families可知，句中强调的是所有患者及其家属，无一例外，“exception意为“例外, 名词词性，without exception意为无一例外。应选C项。9、 The on

36、Sarah*s face told me that she got annoyed.A. confidenceB. expressionC. appearanceD. impression答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：莎拉脸上的表情告诉我她生气了。A.confidence信心；B.expression表情； C.appearance外貌；D.impression印象。根据told me that she got annoyed”可知，此处是指脸上的表情。应选 Bo10、We are having a debate over the of smoking on our lungs.A.

37、gainB. awardC. opportunityD. impact答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正在讨论吸烟对我们肺部的影响。A. gain好处，利益；B. award奖品，奖金; C opportunity机会;D.impact影响。根据句意，空处需填名词impact,表示“影响。应选D项。11 The to success is to make good use of the chance to education.A. accessB. fountainC. potentialD. document答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:成功的途径是充分利用受教育的机会。A

38、.access通路、入径；B. fountain喷泉；C.potential潜力；D. document文件。the access to.（的途径）符合句意。应选A项。12、With only five minutes Ie代 from the end, the of the close match was still in doubt.A. cooperationB. opponentC. outcomeD. outline答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：距离比赛结束只有5分钟了，这场势均力敌的比赛结果仍不明朗。A. cooperation 合作；B. opponent对手；C.out

39、come结果；outline轮廓；大纲。根据语境可知，比赛快结束了，但是因为两 队势均力敌，所以不明确的是比赛的结果。应选C。13、As expected, the boy who shows great in playing badminton has been admitted to the sport universityfor his talent.A. requirementB. respectC. additionD. promise答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，这个在打羽毛球方面大有可为的男孩因其天赋被体育大学录取。A.requirement要求;B.respe

40、ct尊重;C.addition增加；D. promise希望,可能性。根据句意，此处表达那个男 孩在羽毛球方面展现了极大的成功的可能性。应选D项。14 The cloth has a of blue and white squares, which is very beautiful.A. paintingB. patternC. sampleD. model答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这块布有蓝白方格的图案，非常漂亮。A. painting绘画；B.pattern模式，图案；C. sample样品；D.model模范。根据后文“of blue and white squares指布

41、有蓝白方格的图案，应用pattern。应选Bo15、The English teacher asked the students to give a of the text.A. balletB. seniorC. generationD. summary答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：英语老师要求学生们给出课文概要。A. ballet芭蕾舞；B.senior较年长的人；C.generation弋人；D. summary 概要。 由上下文“The English teacher asked the students to give a of thetext.可知，老师要求学生给出课文的摘

42、要，应选D。16、A butterfly is a flying with a long thin body and four large, usually brightly coloured, wings.A. dolphinB. dinosaurC. posterD. insect答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：蝴蝶是一种会飞的昆虫，身体细长，有四只通常色彩鲜艳的大翅膀。A.dolphin海 豚；B.dinosaur恐龙；C.poster海报；D.insect昆虫。根据butterfly可知，这是一种昆虫。应选D。17、 Van Gogh was famous for his Sun

43、flower, which was painted in three of yellow.5A. portsB. shoresC. shadesD. stairs答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：梵高以他的向日葵而闻名，这幅画用了三种深浅不同的黄色。A.ports港口；shores海岸；C. shades深浅，阴影；D.stairs台阶。根据上文“which was painted in three指用三种深浅不同 的黄色颜料作画，应用shade。应选C。18、The lecture Jack Ma made in the 2018 Shanghai Forum of Zhejiang M

44、erchants left us with a wonderfulhe gave us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.A. associationB, functionC. satisfactionD. impression答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：马云在2018年上海浙商论坛上的演讲给我们留下了很好的印象，他对未来的商业 会是什么样子做了很好的描述。A. association联系;B. function功能；C. satisfaction满足;D. impression印象。 根

45、据后文“he gave us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.（他对未来的商业会是什么样子 做了很好的描述。）可知，因为对未来商业有很好的描述，所以此处表示给我们留下了好的印象。应选D。19、 We would like to see closer between parents and schools.A. evolutionB. cooperationC. expectationD. rejection答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们希望家长和学校之间的合作更加紧密。A. evolu

46、tion进化；B.coorperation合作;C. expectation 期望;D. rejection 拒绝。根据 closer 和 between parents and schools 可知，此处表示希望家长和 学校紧密合作。应选B。20、Born a poor family, Abraham Lincoln fought his way to the top and became the United States16 President and one of the greatest in American history.A. of.shapesB. on.statuesC.

47、into.figuresD. with.images答案：C解析：考查动词短语和可数名词复数。句意：亚伯拉罕林肯出生在一个贫穷的家庭，他一路奋斗到顶峰，成为美国 第16任总统，也是美国历史上最伟大的人物之一。第一空涉及born的短语搭配，born of源于，出生于， born on出生于（时间）”, born into”出身于（家庭）,born with”与生俱来，根据句意，第一空应填介词 into；第二空，shapes”形状，statues雕塑,figures”知名人物,images图像，又根据句意，空处是指林肯 是美国历史上最伟大人物之一，表示，人物，应用名词figure表示。应选C项。2

48、1 From the Tokyo Olympics to the 14th National Games, outstanding performances from Chinas athletes show the countrys drive for a sports powerhouse in and innovation.A. expectations. passionC. mysteryD. imagination答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从东京奥运会到第十四届全运会，中国运发动的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的 激情和创新精神。A.expectation 期待；B.passion 激情；C.mystery 谜；D.imagination