2022年中考英语必读时事热点 9 (解析版）.docx

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1、2022年中考英语必读时事热点(9)文章导读、阅读理解：揭秘神舟十三太空返回“神技”二、阅读理解：俄乌战争，气候，流行疾病导致全球粮食危机，而人口大国一一中国却能平安应对。三、阅读理解：虚拟财产很重要，年轻人开始立遗嘱继承。四、阅读问答问题：向网络霸凌坚决说“不”！五、阅读理解：科技解锁春耕“新姿态”六、阅读回答下列问题：国学故事：德才兼备。七、阅读理解：中国传统文化一一B站叩主柳青瑶让古曲熨活，用琵琶演奏中国故事八、书面表达：在新冠疫情这场战斗中，做一个有担当的青少年。一、阅读理解China welcomed three heroic astronauts home on April 16.

2、 The re-entry module （返回舱）carrying Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu touched down safely at the designated （指定的）Dongfeng Landing Site in Inner Mongolia autonomous region. This ended the Shenzhou XIII astronauts six-month space mission.This return marks a major breakthrough fbr Chinas efforts

3、in space. Lets look at some of the technical details of （he mission.Speed recordThe mission set a new speed record. The Shenzhou XII return capsule revolved around the Earth 11 times over 24 hours, before returning on Sept 17, 2021. This time Shenzhou XIII shortened the time to about 9 hours, orbiti

4、ng （he Earth five times.The Shenzhou XIII mission was simplified to only five orbits and was designed to return more efficiently.This approach required more precise control of the spacecraft and more accurate orbital calculations. This meant that when the spacecraft separated, it could quickly targe

5、t the landing area, calculate the return path, and adjust its altitude, Having the ability to adopt such a fast return method indicates that Chinas return technology for manned missions is very mature and reliable.Temperature controlD. The main purpose of drones is to take photos.4. What does this p

6、aragraph talk about?A. Some improvements in science.B. Some inventions in fanning.C. Some use of modern technology in farmingSome advantages in modern fanning.【答案】DDCC【解析】本文介绍现代科技在农业中的应用。1 .细节理解题。从文中提及可知，无人机可以播散种子，看护庄稼，查找害虫，没有提及收割庄稼。故答 案选D.字义猜想题。因为无人机没有人操纵，所以能全天候工作。从clock上看应该与时间相关，故D符合语 境，句意。3细节理解题。

7、无人机播散农药比人类更有效更快。文中提及“人类”不是“机器人”故A错误。无人驾 驶拖拉机既能收割庄稼乂能种植庄稼。故B错误。C文中提及到正确。D无人机主要用途用来照相，文中 没有这样的表达。故D错误。答案选C4.主旨大意题。本文介绍现代科技在农业中的应用。答案选C六、阅读回答下列问题There is a story in the book History as a Mirror （资治通鉴）by Chinese historian Sima Guang.Zhi Xuanzi was the head of a big clan （家族）in the State of Jin during th

8、e Spring and Autumn Period （770-476 BC）. He wanted a clan member, Zhi Yao, to be his successor （继承人）.However, another man in the clan, Zhi Guo, was against the idea. Zhi Guo listed five strong points of Zhi Yao. For example, he was good at riding and shooting. He was decisive （果断的）and talkative. But

9、 Zhi Guo said that he had a big problem: his morals （道德）.He had an unkind heart.Still, Zhi Xuanzi didnt listen to the idea. Zhi Yao became the head of the clan. With his leadership abilities, he quickly made his clan the strongest in Jin. However, because of his aggressive style, three other clans w

10、orked together to fight against the Zhi clan. Finally, the Zhi clan was beaten.Sima Guang used this story to stress the importance of morals. Talent is not enough. He said that excellent people must have both talent and virtue .Those who have virtue but no talent might work inefllciently （彳氐效土也）.Tho

11、se who have talent but no virtue might not use （heir （alenl properly. Those who have both talent and virtue were called xiancai （贤才）in ancient times. If you ask which one is more important between the two, it must be virtue. Only if a person has virtue can he or she get on the right track .In 2018.

12、when President Xi Jinping talked with students and teachers at Peking University, he mentioned Sima Guangs ideas. He said good education should develop both a persons virtues and talents. Educators must follow this idea. As students, we can also make it our goal.1. Who wrote the book History as a Mi

13、rror?【答案】A Chinese historian Sima Guang.2. In Zhi Guos opinion, what were Zhi Yaos strong points?答案He was good at riding and shooting. He was decisive and talkative.3. Why was Zhi Guo against Zhi Yao becoming the next leader?【答案】Because he thought Zhi Yao had an unkind heart.4. What happened to the

14、Zhi clan under Zhi Yaos leadership?【答案】Because of his aggressive style, three other clans worked together to fight against the Zhi clan. Finally, the Zhi clan was beaten.5. What should excellent people be like, according to the story?【答案】Excellent people should have both virtue and talent. Virtue pu

15、ts first, only if a person has virtue can he or she get on the right （rack .七、阅读理解Prince Lan ling in Battle （兰陵王入阵曲）,Prince Qin Breaking through the Enemy Array （秦王破阵 乐）,The Ballad of Mu Ian （木兰辞）. These ancient pieces of music are cultural codes shared by Chinese people, but they have long been los

16、t. Liu Jing, a music composer and a pipa player in her early 30s, has brought them back to life by composing original scores （曲谱）.The artist started to play the pipa at the age of 5. She took part in competitions and visited a number of foreign countries to give performances.Liu once gave a performa

17、nce in the UK. As she played a tune which described the failed love story between Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu in the Dream of the Red Chamber , an elderly woman sitting in the first row burst into tears. Later, Liu asked if she had read the story. The woman said, “No, but I just felt the melody your ins

18、trument made touched me dccply.The experience was one of the inspirations that urged Liu to promote traditional Chinese music and instruments. Liu started to post online videos of herself playing the pipa, using the online name Liu Qingyao in 2016. At the beginning, she started to play popular music

19、 covers and folk music. However, she found out that there were few musical scores that can truly bring out the charm （魅力）and spirit of Chinese music and culture. She decided to make a change by creating some herself.Prince Lanling in Battle is Lius most popular work, with more than 17.5 million view

20、s on the video platform Bilibili. The video （ook her six months to make. Most of that time was spent researching and arranging （编曲）for her instruments. 4i want it to be historically accurate and profbssional,“ Liu said.With a masters degree in history, Liu compares composing songs to writing a histo

21、ry paper - although both need careful preparation. She paid for field trips to ancient grottoes （洞窟），made clothes according to murals （壁 画）in old tombs and borrowed replica （复制品）instruments from museums.To better capture the drumbeats （鼓点）fbr her music, she arranged microphones in a circle. She late

22、r added dozens of （racks of drumbeats while producing the song.“I want my music to impress people - even foreigners who know nothing about the history or story behind it,“ Liu said.1 .From the paragraph we know that.a. The music of the Ballad of Mulan has been lost for a long time.b. Liu Qingyao is

23、Liu Jings online name.c. Liu Qingyao took part in competitions and won many prizes.d. Liu Qingyao has composed scores for many Chinese ancient music.A. abcB. abdC. bedD. acd.Why did an elderly woman burst into lears when Liu Jing gave a performance in the UK?A. Because she played a piece of music ab

24、out a Chinese traditional story.B. Because the music describes a true love between two young Chinese people.C. Because the melody Liu Jing played touched her deeply.D. Because she had read the story before and touched her deeply.Why did decided to create some music herself?A. Because she thought som

25、e music was not good.B. Because the music she played isnt popular.C. Because she wanted to be an original musician.D. Because she thought some music couldnt express the charm and spirit of Chinese music and culture.2 . Whats the meaning of the underlined word?A.封面B.覆盖物C.保险D.翻唱. Which can best descri

26、be Liu Qingyao from the article ?A. an intelligent ,cute, kind-hearted artist.B. a knowledgeable hardworking, brave artist.C. a knowledgeable ,hard-working, serious artist.D. a wise, brave, hard-working artist.【答案】CBDDC【解析】本文是一篇叙事文，介绍青年音乐家柳青瑶给已经失传的古音乐谱曲，让传统古音乐复活，传播 着中国文化。1 .细节理解题。文章提及像兰陵王入阵曲，秦王破阵乐木兰

27、辞这些中国古音乐失传已久。a正确。 从 Liu started to post online videos of herself playing the pipa, using the online name Liu Qingyao in 2016 可知 b 正确。c柳青瑶赢得大奖错误。d表达正确。故答案选C.细节理解题。从 No, but I just felt the melody your instrument made touched me deeply.”可知答案选 B2 .细节理解题。从 A( the beginning, she started to play popular m

28、usic covers and folk music. However, she found out that Ihere were few musical scores that can truly bring out the charm (魅力)and spirit of Chinese music and culture. She decided (o make a change by creating some herself. 一开始，她开始演奏流行音乐翻唱和民间音 乐。然而，她发现很少有乐谱能真正展现中国音乐和文化的精神魅力。她决定做出改变，自己创造一些。 故答案选D.字义猜想题。

29、根据题意和语境。这里cover指流行音乐的翻唱。3 .推理判断题。通过文章描述，柳青瑶花了 6个月时间编写兰陵王入阵曲，希望它在历史上是准确和专 业的。并去古代石窟实地考察，历史学士学位，写曲就像写历史论文一样要充分准备，说明柳青瑶勤奋， 知识丰富，做事严谨。这些特质。C答案符合。故答案选C八、书面表达新冠疫情是一场没有人能置之度外的战斗，而胜利的关键是风雨中一个个敢于担当、坚定有力的“铁肩 膀”。担当意味着主动付出和奉献、不畏难不推诿，它需要非凡的勇气和意志。作为祖国的希望，我们需要从现在起就培养这种担当精神。请你以Taking the responsibility of being a t

30、eenager为题写一篇英语作文。要点：1、谈谈自己对“青少年的责任”的理解；2、结合自己的生活列举具体的事例。【参考答案】Although its been more than two years since the pandemic broke out, we still face difficulties. The key to victory over COVID-19 is to do our part to fight it. No man is an island during this war. As teenagers, we should take responsibili

31、ty of our own.First of all, its our duty to study hard and acquire as much knowledge as possible. This is so we can become useful members of our country in the future. Second, every little bi( helps. We can start by doing small things like helping parents with housework. It can help us realize the t

32、rue meaning of family responsibility. Additionally, maintaining personal hygiene (保持个人卫生)is also very important to help fight against (he disease. Every day, I strictly follow the epidemic prevention policies.Responsibility should be cultivated from childhood. So its high time for us teenagers to ta

33、ke our responsibility. Lets take action!Another challenge for astronauts returning to Earth is traveling through the atmosphere. After the re-entry capsule enters the atmosphere, there is fierce friction （摩擦）with the air. The surface temperature of the capsule can reach thousands of degrees.To solve

34、 this problem, （he researchers designed a heat-resistant coating on the surface of the Shenzhou XIII return capsule. They also laid a layer of ablative material （烧蚀材料）that sublimated （升华）and fell off when the temperature reached a certain level, taking a lot of heat with it.LandingThe re-entry capsu

35、le landed upright （直立的）in the designated area. Such a landing position is rare in Chinas space flight history. So far, only Shenzhou VI and Shenzhou XIII have achieved an upright landing. To achieve this, astronauts must operate and let go of parachute （降落伞）with precise timing. A small mistake may c

36、ause the capsule to be pulled down by the parachute. Landing upright is the ideal way to land, ensuring astronauts have the softest landing.L How many limes did the Shenzhou XIII re-entry capsule orbit the Earth and how long did it lake?A. 11 times; over 24 hours.B. 9 times; over 24 hours.C. 5 times

37、; about 11 hours.D. 5 times; about 9 hours.2. From the paragraph wc learn about that except.A. when and where Shenzhou XIII returned the Earth.B. how long the heroic astronauts worked in space station.C. why the re-entry capsule could land upright.D. how to control the surface temperature of the cap

38、sule when entering the atmosphereHow did the Shenzhou XIII re-entry capsule resist the extreme heat when traveling through （he atmosphere?A. The whole capsule was made of heat-resistant metals.B. A device changed heat into energy.C. It slowed down to reduce heat.D. Special materials on its surface h

39、elped it keep cool.3. What can we learn about the upright landing of the Shenzhou XIII re-entry capsule?A. The Shenzhou XIII re-entry capsule was the first to land upright.B. This position reduced friction with the air.C. Its success relied on the precise operation of （he astronauts.D. It was achiev

40、ed by adjusting the speed of the parachute.4. Whats the main idea of this article?A. How Shenzhou XIII landed on the Earth.B. Some breakthroughs in space technology.C. Some details of the astronauts returning home.D. How the heroic astronauts worked and lived in the space station.【答案】DCDCB【解析】中国成功返1

41、口1地球，本文介绍中国在太空技术方面的几方面的突破。1 .细节理解题。从 This time Shenzhou XIII shortened the time to about 9 hours, orbiting the Earth five times.这 次神舟十三号将时间缩短到9小时左右，绕地球运行五圈。可知答案选D.细节理解题。从第一段我们知道神州十三号的回地球的地点和时间。也知道宇航员在太空站工作6个月。 故AB都正确。返回舱能直立着陆的原因并没有介绍。所以选C。当返回舱进入大气后，返回舱外表有烧 蚀材料层，当温度到达一定程度，会升华剥落带走大量温度。所以温度如何控制进行了详细介绍。

42、故D叙 述正确。2 .细节理解题。To solve this problem, the researchers designed a heat-resistant coating on the surface of the Shenzhou XIII return capsule.为了解决这个问题，研究人员在神舟外表设计了一种耐热涂层返I司舱。故答 案选D.推理判断题。从 So far, only Shenzhou VI and Shenzhou XIH have achieved an upright landing.可知 A 表达错 误。BD 文章都未提及。从.To achieve thi

43、s, astronauts must operate and let go of parachute （降落伞）with precise timing为了实现这一点，宇航员必须操作并精确准时地放下降落伞。故答案C正确3 . 主旨大意题。从 This return marks a miijor breakthrough fbr Chinas efforts in space. Lets look at some of the technical details of the mission.可知。本文介绍中国在太空技术方面的突破。二、阅读理解It may sound like a cliche

44、（老生常谈）,but food is still the stuff of life. So when global food prices soar （大 ：张）,people worry.The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization （FAO） said on April 8 that world food prices hit an all-time high in March. Prices for vegetable oils, meats, sugar and dairy products could rise up to

45、 22 percent.According to the agency, the FAOs food price index （指数）had already reported an all-time high in February, as the pandemic, poor weather and climate crisis damaged agriculture and threatened food security for millions of people.The Ukraine crisis has made the situation much worse. Both Ru

46、ssia and Ukraine have vast grain-growing regions. They are among the worlds main breadbaskets. The two countries together accounted fbr around 30 percent of global wheat exports. The conflict has also caused a rise in the cost of the other daily essentials and fuel.“It is extremely worrisome,said Ra

47、bah Arezki, fbnner chief economist at the World Bank.In 2022, there will be 44 million people in 38 countries at the “emergency” phase of food insecurity, just one step away from a declaration of famine. People in South Sudan, Yemen, and the northern parts of Ethiopia and Nigeria are at particular r

48、isk.Recent unrest （动乱）across （he world highlights （he risks. In Sri Lanka, protests have erupted over shortages of gas and other basic goods.Global food insecurity may make many concerned: Docs China have enough food for its population of 1.4 billion?According to Wei Baigang, chief economist at the

49、Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China relies mainly on domestic grain production and only 2 percent of the nations grain is imported. Global price increases have had little impact on Chinas fbod prices. Chinas food prices even dropped 1.5 percent year-on-year in March, in sharp contrast to ihe global f