引导的虚拟条件句.ppt

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1、关于引导的虚拟条件关于引导的虚拟条件句句现在学习的是第1页，共18页虚拟语气(if 条件句)含含含含义义义义：其其假假设设是是不不不不可可可可能能能能或或或或不不不不大大大大可可可可能能能能发发发发生生生生或或或或实实实实现现现现的的的的；主主主主从从从从句句句句皆皆皆皆须须须须用用用用虚虚虚虚拟拟拟拟 I If f t th he e w wo or rk ki in ng g c co on nd di it ti io on ns s a ar re e n no ot t t to oo o b ba ad d,I I w wi il ll l a ac cc ce ep pt t t

2、 th he e j jo ob b.（真真真真实实实实条条条条件件件件句句句句：对对对对现现现现有有有有事事事事实实实实的的的的一一一一种种种种陈陈陈陈述述述述，使使使使用用用用的的的的是是是是陈陈陈陈述述述述语语语语气气气气）-表表表表达达达达一一一一种种种种看看看看法法法法（工工工工作作作作条条条条件件件件状状状状况况况况未未未未知知知知）I If f t th he e w wo or rk ki in ng g c co on nd di it ti io on ns s w we er re e not too bad,I w wo ou ul ld d a ac cc ce ep

3、 pt t t th he e j jo ob b.（非非非非真真真真实实实实条条条条件件件件句句句句-虚虚虚虚拟拟拟拟语语语语气气气气）表表表表达达达达一一一一种种种种假假假假设设设设（与与与与事事事事实实实实相相相相反反反反-工工作作条条件件已已经经很很糟糟糕糕了了）现在学习的是第2页，共18页If 引引导导的的虚虚拟拟条条件件句句的的三三种种类类型型带if的虚拟条件句省略if的虚拟条件句隐藏if的虚拟条件句现在学习的是第3页，共18页与与现现在在事事实实相相反反：if条件句用一般过去时（动词be用were），主句用would(should/could/might)+动词原形、带、带if的

4、虚拟条件句的虚拟条件句eg:I am sorry I am very busy just now.If I had time,I would certainly go to the movies with you.If you could bear the loneliness,you might succeed.现在学习的是第4页，共18页与与将将来来事事实实相相反反(推推测测将将来来)：if 条件句中用过去时，或should/were to+动 词 原 形，主 句 用would(should/could/might)+动词原形。eg.If she were here this evenin

5、g,we would go shopping.（从句：一般过去时）If Mary were to marry Jack,she would be happy.（从句：were+动词不定式）If she should know it,she would tell me.(But I doubt)（从句：should+动词原形）现在学习的是第5页，共18页If we hadnt made adequate preparations,the party wouldnt have been so successful.The flood might have caused great damage t

6、o the people,if we hadnt built so many dams.与与过过去去事事实实相相反反：if 条件句中用过去完成时，主句用would（should/could/might）+have+过去分词。现在学习的是第6页，共18页条件从句条件从句结果主句结果主句与现在事实相反与现在事实相反If +主语主语+过去式过去式 主语主语+would/should/could/might do 与将来事实相反与将来事实相反If+主语主语+过去式过去式主语主语+would/should/could/might dowere to do/should/could do)与过去事实相反与

7、过去事实相反If+主语主语+had+过过去分词去分词主语主语+would/should/could/might have doneIf引导虚拟条件句中的谓语动词变化现在学习的是第7页，共18页与将来事实相反时从句中的三种谓语与将来事实相反时从句中的三种谓语v变形：变形：一一般般过过去去时时 w we er re e +t to o d do o S Sh ho ou ul ld d/c co ou ul ld d d do o 注注：这这三三种种均均可可用用，不不同同的的是是在在表表示示推推测测将将来来的的时时候候，可可能能性性的的程程度度不不同同。I If f i it t s sn no

8、ow we ed d t to ommo or rr ro ow w,I I s sh ho ou ul ld d /w wo ou ul ld d s st ta ay y a at t t to ommo or rr ro ow w.（常用形式）I If f i it t w we er re e t to o s sn no ow w tomorrow,.（可可能能性性较较小小）If it s sh ho ou ul ld d s sn no ow w tomorrow,（可能性较大）现在学习的是第8页，共18页.虚虚拟拟条条件件句句中中if的的省省略略或或隐隐藏藏1.省略if 的虚拟条

9、件句隐藏 if 的虚拟条件句-无“条件”的虚拟语气句子现在学习的是第9页，共18页1.省省略略if 的的虚虚拟拟条条件件句句(主主要要用用于于书书面面语语)在虚拟条件句中，有时可将引导虚拟条件句的连词if省略，但此时应用倒倒装装句型，即将从句中的were,should,had 等提到句首。现在学习的是第10页，共18页1.省省略略if 的的虚虚拟拟条条件件句句如果她在这里，她也同意的。If she were here,she would agree too.Were she here,she would agree too.假若明天下雨，我们只好推迟这场比赛。If it should rain

10、 tomorrow,we should have to put off the match.Should it rain tomorrow,we should have to put off the match.现在学习的是第11页，共18页1.省省略略if 的的虚虚拟拟条条件件句句要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他。If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.Had we found him earlier we could have saved his life 现在学习的是第12页，共18页1.省省略略if

11、的的虚虚拟拟条条件件句句的的否否定定式式 注注意意，如如果果条件从句的的谓谓语语为为否否定定式式，其其中中的的否否定定词词n no ot t应应应应置置置置于于于于主主主主语语语语之之之之后后后后，而而不不能能与与w we er re e,s sh ho ou ul ld d,h ha ad d 等等缩缩略略成成WWe er re en n t t,S Sh ho ou ul ld dn n t t,H Ha ad dn n t t而而置置于于句句首首。我如不是警告了你，你就可能丧命了。正正：I If f I I h ha ad dn n t t w wa ar rn ne ed d y yo

12、 ou u,y yo ou u c co ou ul ld d h ha av ve e b be ee en n k ki il ll le ed d.正正：H Ha ad d I I n no ot t w wa ar rn ne ed d y yo ou u,y yo ou u c co ou ul ld d h ha av ve e b be ee en n k ki il ll le ed d.误误：H Ha ad dn n t t I I w wa ar rn ne ed d y yo ou u,y yo ou u c co ou ul ld d h ha av ve e b be

13、 ee en n k ki il ll le ed d.现在学习的是第13页，共18页1.省省略略if 的的虚虚拟拟条条件件句句有时省略if后提前到句首的had可能不是助动词，而是实义动词。如：Had I time,I would go with you.假如我有时间，我就同你们一起去。句中的had不是构成过去完成时的助动词，而是表示“有”，如果不省略if，其完整形式为：If I had time,I would go with you.现在学习的是第14页，共18页Exercises：He must have had an accident,or he then_.Awould have b

14、een here Bshould be hereChad to be here Dwould be there现在学习的是第15页，共18页 答案为A。or 在这里隐含了与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，表示if he had not had an accident,所以其后的主句用would have done 而不用其它的。现在学习的是第16页，共18页Exercises：1 1.GGi iv ve en n mmo or re e t ti imme e a an nd d mmo on ne ey y,h he e _ _ _ b be et tt te er r t th ha an n w

15、 wh ha at t i it t i is s.A A.d di id d B B.h ha av ve e d do on ne e C C.c co ou ul ld d h ha av ve e d do on ne e D D.w wo ou ul ld d d do o2 2.I If f y yo ou u e ex xp pl la ai in ne ed d t th he e s si it tu ua at ti io on n t to o y yo ou ur r s so ol li ic ci it to or r(律律师师)，he _ able to advise you much better than I can.(2005)w wo ou ul ld d b be e B B.w wi il ll l h ha av ve e b be ee en nC C.w wa as s D D.w we er re e 现在学习的是第17页，共18页感谢大家观看现在学习的是第18页，共18页