人教版九年级语法之定语从句精讲精练.docx

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1、上学期九年级同步语法之定语从句精讲精练1， 概述：作为九年级乃至整个初中阶段的复合句的收官之作，可以说是当之无愧的大boss，河南省取消了单选之后，对于定语从句的考查也变得相当不确定，即便完形填空、盲填分流了单选，可是出题也不是很多。有些省份保留了单项选择，出题也多集中在关系代词引导的定语从句。可见，定语从句在初中阶段是相当难的，因此出题会很慎重。初中课程标准（2011版），对于定从的考查主要集中在限制性定从，由关系代词引导的定语从句。关系副词暂不做讲练。2， 定义：定语从句说白了就是，由一个句子来充当定语，而不再是一个形容词、名词、代词、不定式等来担任。在复合句中，修饰某一名词或者代词的从句

2、叫做定语从句。定语从句通常置于它修饰的名词或代词后，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。例如： I like music that I can dace to.我喜欢我可以跟着摇摆的音乐。 先行词 关系代词 注意： 由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词music,定语从句起形容词的作用。 特别注意：关系代词不仅在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，而且在句子中充当一定成分。3， 结构： 由关系代词引导的定语从句：who 修饰人 在句子中作主语、宾语whom 修饰人 在句子中作宾语which 修饰物 在句子中主语、宾语that 修饰人或物 在句子中作主语、宾语、表语whose 修饰人或物 在句子中作

3、定语如：I love movies that are funny.我喜欢搞笑的电影。（that作主语) He is the man who lives next door.他就是住在隔壁的那个人。（who作主语） Do you know the girl whose Japanese is excellent?你认识那个日语非常优秀的女孩吗？（whose作定语） The train which has just left is for Shenzhen.刚开走的火车是开往深圳的。（which作主语）4， 使用定语从句的注意事项： 定语从句中是从句中比较复杂的一类，既涉及先行词、关系代词、关系副

4、词的用法，也涉及各种句法结构、时态、语态、语气等，因此要注意。1. 关系代词的省略：在句中作动词的宾语，可以省略。如： I have never regretted the decision (that/which) I made two years ago. 我从来没有为我两年前做出的决定感到后悔。2. 宜用that不宜用which的情况：（1）当先行词是： all,little,few,much,something,anything,everything,nothing,none,some等不定代词时。如：All that can be done has been done.一切能做的都已

5、经做完了。（2） 当先行词被： all,every,no,some,any,little,the only,the very,the last,few等修饰时。 如：This is the only thing that interests me.这是唯一能让我感兴趣的东西。（3） 当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。如： The hotel is the most expensive that I have ever stayed in.那家宾馆是我住过的最贵的宾馆。（4） 当先行词既有人又有物时。如： She described in her novel the

6、people and places that impressed her most.她在小说中描述了给她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。3. 宜用who不宜用that的情况：（1） 先行词是one,ones,anyone时。如：One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.一个无所畏惧的人敢于说实话。（2） 先行词为指人的those时。如： Those who are polite will be respected by people. 那些懂礼貌的人会受到人们的尊重。（3） there be句型中主语是指人的名词时

7、。如： There is an old man who wants to see you.有位老人要见你们。 专项习题精练1， 用适当的关系代词that,who,whose,whom,which填空。1. The street performers_interest us a lot are from the US.2. Thats the old man_house has burned down.3. The thief handed in everything_he had stolen these days.4. There will be a robot show in the sc

8、ience museum_we visited last weekend.5. Do you know the man_I spoke to?6. Is there anyone in your class_family is in the countryside?7. The tall man_wears black jacket is my cousin.8. Everything_you learn becomes a part of you and changes you.9. The notebook_is on the table is mine.10. Id like to co

9、ngratulate all the students_are here today.2， 用适当的关系代词将下列句子并列成含有定语从句的复合句。1. The man is my uncle. He lives on the farm. _2. We have a classroom.The door of the classroom is broken. _3. I like the movies.The movies are about Chinese history. _4. Do you know the girl?Her mother is a math teacher. _5. T

10、here is some coffee in the fridge.The coffee was bought by my father. _3， 单项选择。1. Do you know the girl_is giving the speech? A.whichB.whoC.whomD.what2. -What are you looking for?-I am looking for the dictionary_my brother gave me last week. A.that B.whatC.whoD.whom3. We will never forget those_lost

11、their lives for our country. A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose4. I know that “piano” is a word_was originally borrowed from Italian. A.whereB.whoC.whichD.whose5. Finally they reached a lonely island_was completely cut off from the outside world. A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.where6. Once there was a rich man_wanted

12、to do something for the people of his town. A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom7. We all miss Wu Mengchao_saved thousands of lives in his medical work. A.whichB.whatC.whoD.whose8. He is the only man_has reached the top of the mountain. A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whom9. This the most beautiful park_we have visited. A

13、.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose10.One_has a strong will can do things better. A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whose 参考答案一，1.that/who 2.whose 3.that 4.that/which 5.whom/who/that 6.whose 7.who/that 8.that 9.which/that 10.that二，1.The man who lives on the farm is my uncle.2. We have a classroom whose door is broken.3. I like the movies which/that are about Chinese.4. Do you know the girl whose mother is a math teacher?5. There is some coffee which/that was bought by my father.三，1-5BAACA 6-10ACABB