中考英语复习-代词课件.pptx

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1、中考英语（江苏专用）,专题三 代词,中考英语,目录,一 考点讲解,二 历年真题,三 知识点思维导图,一 考点讲解,考点一 人称代词、物主代词及反身代词（一）人称代词人称代词的主格和宾格，表格如下：,人称代词的用法（）人称代词的主格在句中作主语; I love my mom.,（）人称代词的宾格在句中作动词、介词的宾语或表语; I dont know him.,人称代词的语序,几个人称代词并列作主语时，它们的顺序是：单数形式（二、三、一）you, he/she/it and I复数形式（一、二、三）we, you and they,（二）物主代词物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性主代词，表格如

2、下：,形容词性物主代词放在名词前作定语，不能单独使用; His parents are both middle school teachers.,名词性物主代词常用来代替前面已提及的名词，相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”。His bag is quite different from mine.,名词性物主代词可用在 of 后面与of 共同作定语，相当于“of名词所有格”，表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。Adel is a friend of mine.,（三）反身代词反身代词的单复数形式，表格如下：,反身代词的常用词组,teach oneselflearn by oneselfenjoy

3、oneself,help oneself tohurt oneselfby oneself,考点二 的用法及指示代词（一）代词 的用法指代前面提到过的事物;This is not my book. It is Jims.用来代替指示代词 this 或thatWhats this? Its a pencil.指婴儿或不明身份的人What a beautiful baby! Is it a boy?指时间或季节What day is it today? It is Monday.指天气Whats the weather like today?It is sunny.指距离How far is it

4、 from your school to your home?,7. 作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：,（1）It is + adj + (for/of sb.) to do sth.（对某人来说）做某事是的It is nice of you to help me so much. (2) its time to do/for/that到做的时候了Its time to get up. (3) It seems that 看起来好像It seems that he is quite happy.（4）its said that据说It is said that she lived to be o

5、ver 100.(5) its ones turn to do轮到某人做Its your turn to sing.(6)its +adj+that 从句It is necessary that you (should) be present at the meeting.,作形式宾语Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line?用在强调句型“it is/was被强调部分that/who其他成分”中;It was in the street he lost his watch.,（二）指示代词指示代词的单复数形式，表格如下：,指示代词的用

6、法（1）this/that近指；This is my bag.指下文要提到的事； Please remember this: No pain, no gain.（2）that/those(1)远指； That is her kite.(2) 指前面刚刚提到过的事; he was ill. That was why he didnt go to school.(3) 打电话时用this介绍自己，用that询问对方。This is Winnie speaking. Who is that?,易混易错,it, one, that 的区别1. it指上文提到的同一对象或同一事物，同类且同物。The b

7、ook is mine. Its very interesting.2. one 泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类而不物;Who has a pen? I have one.3. that常用于比较级结构中，代替前面提到的可数名词单数或不可数名词，以避免重复.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.,考点三 不定代词（一）普通不定代词初中阶段常用的普通不定代词如下：,二 历年真题,考点一人称代词、物主代词及反身代词.单项选择1.(2019广东,35)Nobody taught the old lad

8、y how to use WeChat. She learned it all by.A.sheB.herC.herselfD.hers答案C句意:没人教那位老太太怎么用微信,她全是自学的。本题考查代词的用法。learn.by oneself为固定短语意为“自学”,故选C项。,2.(2019重庆,22)Their plants dont grow very well, but look really good.A.weB.ourC.oursD.ourselves答案C句意:他们的植物长得不太好,但是我们的看起来很好。 本题考查代词的用法。设空处作主语,且后面没有名词,故应用名词性物主代词,相当

9、于our plants。故选C项。易错警示如果审题不仔细,本题极易错选A,即理解为“我们看起来很好”。但是通过仔细审题后我们不难发现,前半句的主语是Their plants,所以后半句的主语应该是相应的our plants,为了避免重复,用名词性物主代词ours代替。3.(2018上海,28)My father is a good doctor. works hard to help his patients.A.He B.Him C.HisD.Himself答案A句意:我的爸爸是一名好医生。他努力工作,帮助他的病人们。本题考查代词的用法。空格处作句子的主语,人称代词作主语时用主格。故选A项。

10、,4.(2018广东,34)Boxing Day, the 26th of December, got name from a time when many rich families gave boxes of gifts to poor people who had to work at Christmas.A.itsB.itsC.onesD.one答案B句意:12月26日节礼日,得名于很多有钱人家把一盒盒的礼物送给圣诞节当天都得工作的穷人的那个时候。本题考查代词的用法。根据句子结构可知,此处要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词name。故选B项。易错警示its和its的读音相同,但用法完全不同。

11、its是it is的缩写形式,在句中作主语和谓语。its是it的所有格形式,一般作定语修饰后面的名词。,5.(2018天津,22)She is too busy to help us finish the work.Lets do it .A.herselfB.myselfC.itselfD.ourselves答案D句意:她太忙了以至于无法帮助我们完成这项工作。让我们自己完成它吧。本题考查反身代词的用法。herself她自己;myself我自己;itself它自己;ourselves我们自己。根据题干中的us和Lets可知,应用ourselves与之呼应。故选D项。知识拓展too.to.为固定

12、搭配,意为“太而不能”,具有否定含义。6.(2017河南,22)His name is James, but he usually callsJim.A.heB.himC.hisD.himself答案D句意:他的名字是James,但他通常称呼自己Jim。本题考查代词的用法。动词call后跟代词的宾格,排除A、C两项;根据句意可知,此处应用反身代词作宾语与主语he呼应。故选D项。,.词汇运用1.(2020云南,66)Great changes have taken place in (we) hometown.答案ourhometown前应用形容词性物主代词修饰,故填our。2.(2019浙江衢

13、州,70)The sight of my father made (I) smile. I began dancing confidently.答案me此处为make+宾语+宾补结构,应用人称代词的宾格形式。3.(2019山东临沂,62)The little boy said, “I am old enough to take good care of (my).”答案myself根据语境可知,此处应用反身代词作介词of的宾语,并与主语I呼应。4.(2018浙江宁波,41)I met a friend of (她的) in the street yesterday.答案hers介词后应用代词的

14、宾格形式,且空格处后面没有名词,故应用名词性物主代词,a friend of hers相当于one of her friends。,5.(2017吉林,21)Is that Johns ball?No, its mine. is under the chair.答案His/Johns设空处作句子主语,且后面没有名词,故用his或Johns指代Johns ball。考点二it的用法及指示代词.单项选择1.(2020天津,22)I bought a present for. I hope you like.A.your;thisB.yours;thatC.you;itD.you;one答案C句意:

15、我给你买了一个礼物,我希望你喜欢它。本题考查代词。第一空作介词for的宾语,需用人称代词宾格形式,排除A、B两项;第二空替代上句中的a present,故填it。综上所述答案为C项。,2.(2017甘肃兰州,35)Do you think acceptable for a group of women to dance to loud music on the square near your house?A.itB.thatC.thisD.its答案A句意:你认为一群女人在你家附近的广场上伴随着高声音乐跳舞可以接受吗?本题考查代词的用法。在sb. think it+adj.+for sb.

16、to do中,it为形式宾语, 不定式的复合结构for sb. to do为真正的宾语。故选A项。3.(2017内蒙古包头,31)The population of our city has increased40%, compared withof 3 years ago.A.by;thatB.to;thoseC.with;onesD.of;it答案A句意:我们城市的人口数与三年前相比已经增长了40%。本题结合介词考查代词的用法。in-crease by 指增长了几倍或百分之几,后面加倍数或百分数;that指代The population。故选A项。,4.(2016天津,22)I cant

17、find my ticket. I think I have lost.A.itB.oneC.thisD.them答案A句意:我找不到我的票了,我想我把它给丢了。本题考查代词的用法。it指代同一物;one作代词时,表示同类不同物;this这个;them他们。根据句意可知,此处it 指代上句中的ticket,是同一张票。故选A项。.词汇运用(2016浙江金华,66)When he was hungry he would carry his food dish in his mouth and drop at my moms feet. 答案it空格处指代前文所提到的his food dish,故

18、填it。,考点三不定代词.单项选择1.(2020安徽,26)This time, we must depend on ourselves to solve the problem.I agree. but we ourselves can find a way out.A.EverybodyB.NobodyC.SomebodyD.Anybody答案B句意:这次我们必须依靠自己来解决这个问题。我同意。除我们自己之外没人能找到解决办法。本题考查代词。everybody每人;nobody没有人;somebody某人;anybody任何人。本句中but表示“除之外”,因为要依靠自己解决问题,故除自己外

19、没有人能找到解决办法,故选B。,2.(2020辽宁营口,3)Linda, Mothers Day is coming. What will you buy for your mother as a gift?I find scarves beautiful, so I plan to buy for her.A.itB.oneC.thisD.that 答案B句意:琳达,母亲节快到了。你将买什么作为礼物送给你的母亲?我发现围巾很漂亮,所以我计划买一条给她。本题考查代词的用法。it它;one一个;this这个;that那个。one表示一类中的一个。故选B。归纳总结it指代前文中出现的东西;one指

20、代同一类中的任意一个;this指代近处的东西;that指代远处的东西,二者是指示代词。,3.(2019湖北武汉,38)This room is too small. Id like to ask for.Sure. We have rooms available here.A.anotherB.the otherC.oneD.it答案A句意:这个房间太小了,我想要另要一间。当然可以,我们这里有可用的房间。本题考查不定代词的用法。another(三者或三者以上的)另一,再一,又一;the other(两者中的)另一个;one一个(泛指);it它(前文提到的物品)。根据语境和关键词rooms av

21、ailable可知,不止两间房。故选A项。4.(2018内蒙古包头,32)Everyone can help inway or another to make our city more beautiful.A.anyB.oneC.everyD.either答案B句意:每个人都能以这样或那样的方式帮助我们的城市使它更美丽。本题考查代词的用法。由句中的another可知此处填one。in one way or another 以这样或那样的方式。故选B项。,5.(2018浙江温州,8)Do you like rock music or light music?. I like Beijing O

22、pera.A.EitherB.NoneC.BothD.Neither答案D句意:你喜欢摇滚乐还是轻音乐?都不喜欢。我喜欢京剧。本题考查代词的用法。ei-ther两者中任一;none三者或三者以上都不;both两者都;neither两者都不。根据I like Beijing Opera.可知, 我两样都不喜欢,故选D项。6.(2018上海,31)Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, andis noisy.A.anotherB.the otherC.other D.others答案B句意:Catherine有两个表弟。一个安静,另一个吵闹。本题考查代词

23、的用法。another(三者或三者以上)另一,再一;the other(两者中的)另一个;other另外的,后接名词;others其他人/物。根据语境可知,此处指Catherine 的两个表弟,故选B项。解题关键解题关键在于审题时发现关键词two和One,one.the other.一个,另一个,适用于两者。,7.(2017内蒙古呼和浩特,5)There are fifty students in Class One. Twenty of them are boys; are girls.A.the otherB.the othersC.othersD.another答案B句意:一班有五十名学

24、生,他们中的二十名是男孩,其他的是女孩。本题考查代词的用法。the other两个中的另一个;the others其余所有,有一定的范围;others泛指别的人或事。设空后谓语动词为are,排除A、D两项;再根据题干第一句There are fifty students in Class One.可知,本题有明确的范围,故选B项。8.(2016河南,23)What a bad day!Everyone has one of those days whengoes right.A.nothing B.anythingC.everythingD.something答案A句意:多么糟糕的一天啊!每个

25、人都会有一天一切都不顺利。本题考查代词的用法。根据What a bad day!可知,说话者认为一切都不顺利,nothing没有事情,符合语境。故选A项。,.词汇运用1.(2020山东青岛,46)In the face of danger, all the firefighters were brave and (没有一个) of them gave up. 答案none根据all the firefighters可知,消防员不止两个,故填none。2.(2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔,61)Some students are learning exam skills, oare taking up

26、hobbies to develop themselves.答案otherssome.others.一些另一些。3.(2017山东泰安,62)Wow! Youve got so many skirts.But nof them are in fashion now. 答案none根据转折词But可知,前后句表示相反意义,再根据给出的首字母及语境可知,裙子不止两条,应用none表示全部否定,none of+名词复数/代词表示中没有一个。,4.(2016安徽,33)Helen has got two brothers. of them likes chocolate, but she loves it.答案Neither根据前一句中的two可知,此处应用表示两个人的不定代词;再根据第二句中的likes可知,此处应用表示单数的不定代词;再根据but可知,前后句为转折。故填Neither。5.(2016山东聊城,68)I think(两者都) of you are right. 答案both句意:我认为你们两个都是对的。根据汉语提示可知填both。,三 思维导图,