高考英语一轮复习阅读理解 七选五分组练八.docx

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1、高考英语阅读理解+七选五分组练八Part A（1） Six annoying “facts” people have to finally stop believing in1. Walt Disney did not create Mickey Mouse.His close friend and collaborator Ub Iwerks did, though he was “denied credit” for creating this major piece of pop culture history. Iwerks came up with the character in

2、1928.2. Albert Einstein never flunked a math class as a child. When the adult Einstein was shown a newspaper article claiming he had, he replied, “Before I was 15, I had mastered differential and integral calculus.(微积分)” While Einstein achieved high grades throughout his childhood education, he “hat

3、ed the strict protocols followed by teachers and rote learning demanded of students” at the schools he attended.3. Napoleon Bonaparte was not short. Despite the fact that his name has become synonymous with “angry short man,” Napoleon Bonaparte was actually of average height for the time period in w

4、hich he lived. His contemporaries described him as being 52, but the French measured height differently back in the day, so he was actually around 55. That made him just “an inch or so below the periods average adult male height.”4. Isaac Newton didnt discover gravity because an apple struck him on

5、the head. Rather, he witnessed an apple falling and wondered why objects always fall down instead of up or sideways, a thought that inspired his Law of Universal Gravitation.5. Bats are not blind. No, bats are not blind. Bats have small eyes with very sensitive vision, which helps them see in condit

6、ions we might consider pitch black. They dont have the sharp and colorful vision humans have, but they dont need that.6. Black holes. Not really “holes,” but rather hugely dense objects with massive gravitational pull.1. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Unable t

7、o achieve high grades at school, Einstein hated the rigid rules.B. Bats have small eyes but with the same sharp and colorful vision as humans.C. Newton discovered gravity out of curiosity but by accident.D. Black holes are huge objects with massive gravitational push.2. The text is written here in o

8、rder to_. A. present some common beliefs. B. clarify some popular myths.C. relate some interesting stories.D. list some historical facts.3. Which section of a magazine may this text be found in? A. Entertainment B. History C. Education D. Popular science（2）We all know that a healthy life means getti

9、ng both plenty of exercise and enough good-quality sleep, but reality often gets in the way. The new research indicates that doing enough exercise could make up for some of the unhealthy impacts of bad sleep. While the health benefits of exercise and sleep are nothing new, its the relationship betwe

10、en them that is interesting in this particular study it could even give doctors another option to suggest for patients dealing with sleep problems.“We found those who had both the poorest sleep quality and who exercised the least were most at risk of death from heart disease, stroke, and cancer,” sa

11、ys epidemiologist Bo-Huei Huang, from the University of Sydney in Australia. Participants were grouped into three levels of physical activity (high, medium or low) and were also given a sleep quality score from 0-5 based on the amount of shut-eye they got, how late they stayed up, insomnia, snoring

12、and daytime sleepiness.Those with the highest risk of dying from cancer or heart disease during the study period were those with the worst quality sleep and who didnt meet the WHO recommended guidelines for exercise. That risk went down for people with poor quality sleep but who did meet the exercis

13、e guidelines.In the case of all forms of cancer, for example, those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk of dying from cancer than those with good sleep scores who kept physically active. However, that risk just about disappeared for those who didnt sc

14、ore well on sleep but did score well on physical activity.For now its not clear why more exercise might make up for poor sleep, as far as our health goes. It could be that the increased activity is counteracting inflammation（炎症）, or reducing irregularities in glucose metabolism, suggest the research

15、ers.“Considering that physical activity is perhaps more modifiable than sleep, our study offers people more health incentives to be physically active.” says population health researcher Emmanuel Stamatakis, from the University of Sydney.4. This research is of particular interest in that _. A. its in

16、 this study that exercise is known to be beneficial to sleep.B. this study offers people more health treatments to be physical active.C. it could enable doctors to cure patients of their sleeping condition.D. the relationship between exercise and sleep is updated in this study. 5. Which of the follo

17、wing statements is true according to the passage? A. Those who had the poorest sleep quality were most at risk of death from heart disease.B. Those scoring lowest on sleep and exercise scale were more likely to die from cancer.C. Theres no risk of cancer for those who didnt sleep well but did score

18、well on physical activity. D. Its evident that in terms of health more exercise could make up for poor sleep.6. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 mean? A. interacting B. increasing C. preventing D. causing7.Where can this passage most probably be taken from? A. A research findings reportB

19、. A medical examination reportC. A poor sleep study reportD. A physical activity study report（3）A growing body of research is revealing associations between birth defects(缺陷) and a fathers age, alcohol use and environmental factors, say researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center. They say t

20、hese defects result from epigenetic changes that can potentially affect multiple generations.The study, published in the American Journal of Stem Cells, suggest both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring-a common sense conclusion which science is only now beginning to demonstrat

21、e, says the studys senior investigator, Joanna Kitlinska, PhD, an associate professor in biochemistry, and molecular and cellular biology.“We know the nutritional, hormonal and psychological environment provided by the mother permanently influences organ structure, cellular response and gene express

22、ion in her offspring,” she says.“But our study shows the same thing to be true with fathers his lifestyle, and how old he is, can be reflected in molecules that control gene function,” she says. “In this way, a father can affect not only his immediate offspring, but future generations as well.”For e

23、xample, a newborn can be diagnosed with fetal(胎儿的) alcohol spectrum disorder(FASD), even though the mother has never consumed alcohol, Kitlinska says. “Up to 75 percent of children with FASD have biological fathers who are alcoholics, suggesting that preconceptual paternal alcohol consumption negati

24、vely impacts their offspring.”Advanced age of a father is correlated with elevated rates of certain diseases, and birth defects in his children. A limited diet during a fathers preadolescence has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular death in his children and grandchildren. Paternal obesity

25、is linked to enlarged fat cells, changes in metabolic regulation, diabetes, obesity and development of brain cancer. Psychosocial stress on the father is linked to defective behavioral traits in his offspring. And paternal alcohol use leads to decreased newborn birth weight, marked reduction in over

26、all brain size and impaired cognitive function.“This new field of inherited paternal epigenetics needs to be organized into clinically applicable recommendations and lifestyle alternations,” Kitlinska says. “And to really understand the epigenetic influences of a child, we need to study the interpla

27、y between maternal and paternal effects, as opposed to considering each in isolation.”8. Whats the message the writer conveys in the passage?A. Both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring.B. Fathers age and lifestyle are tied to birth defects.C. Father plays a more critical role

28、in birth defects.D. Birth defects can potentially affect multiple generations.9. What can we infer from the example in Paragraph 5?A. FASD can only be diagnosed in a newborn whose father is addicted to alcohol.B. A newborn will not contract FASD if his mother has never consumed alcohol.C. A fathers

29、lifestyle can negatively impact his offspring.D. Most children have biological fathers who are alcoholics.10. Which of the following situations is less likely to lead to childrens birth defects?A. Having a father with a limited diet. B. Having a father who is an alcoholic.C. Having an overweight fat

30、her. D. Having a father with psychosocial stress.11. What will the research probably continue to focus on in the part that follows?A. The maternal epigenetic influences of a childB. The ways to avoid negative paternal influence on children.C. The clinical application of the research findings.D. The

31、interaction between maternal and paternal effects.（4）Ivy League schools are considered to be the most prestigious of all colleges in the United States. These schools are primarily located in the Northeastern part of the country. There are eight total colleges that are considered to be Ivy League. Th

32、ese schools are Brown, Harvard, Cornell, Princeton, Dartmouth, Yale, and Columbia universities and the University of Pennsylvania. Of all institutions of higher learning, these elite schools are considered to be the most outstanding and the most sought-after in terms of acceptance and graduation.The

33、 term “Ivy League” came about in 1954 when the NCAA athletic conference for Division I was formed. At the time, the elitism of these schools was really due to their prestige in the realm of sports like basketball. Although the term “Ivy League” was not created until the 1950s, many of these schools

34、were in existence as far back as 1636, when John Harvard became the first benefactor of Harvard University. Although this group of elite schools is considered to be part of one big league of the elite, there have been plenty of internal rivalries over the years. The sports that these colleges play w

35、ere so popular that some teams began playing games in New York City so spectators could come from far away and watch the games. The popularity of both the athletes who played and the college team rivalries brought in a good deal of attention to the schools as well as revenue from ticket sales. There

36、 have also been academic rivalries between schools. Mostly, these rivalries are a matter of opinion in terms of which school has the most honor graduates, which schools offer the most prestigious scholarships, and what famous graduates have come from each school.Each Ivy League college has its own u

37、nique accomplishments that make it important. All carry a certain reputation with them, and each school has programs that excel primarily in the medical and law fields, making them some of the most sought-after schools in the world. Their admission process is very selective, which helps the schools

38、ensure that they only accept the best and brightest. Many famous people have graduated from Ivy League schools, including recent presidents George W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and Barack Obama. This prestige leads many to believe that these colleges are only for the wealthy and elite. Often, companies loo

39、k for Ivy League graduates as potential employees, usually preferred by law firms, medical facilities, and large corporations. It has long been coveted to have earned a degree from an Ivy League school. Today, the Ivy League schools are still excellent in both academia and in sports, and they have l

40、eft a legacy of higher education with an exceptional track record and reputation to go along with them.12. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Ivy League schools were initially famous for their reputation in sports.B. Ivy League schools didnt come into existence unt

41、il the 1950s.C. Ivy League schools do not compete with each other within the league.D. Ivy League schools are most popular for their excellence in the medical and law fields.13. Which of the following aspects is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The history of the Ivy League B. The rivalry of the Ivy

42、LeagueC. The accomplishments and cultural impacts of the Ivy LeagueD. The future development of the Ivy League14. Why do many people believe that Ivy League colleges are only for the wealthy and elite?A. Because they are the most sought-after schools in the world.B. Because they have selective admis

43、sion process to help ensure the quality of their students. C. Because many famous people have graduated from Ivy League schools.D. Because many companies look for Ivy League graduates as potential employees.15. What does the underlined word “coveted” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. advocatedB

44、. desiredC. restrictedD. sponsored Part B阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mindless Eating :You may also be a mindless eater!Every one of us has moments of mindless eating. For example, you may unintentionally munch through a whole bag of chips while watching TV._16_. People tend to reach out

45、for food as an easily available when they are upset, bored or stressful. However, when we consume various snacks mechanically, we end up feeling more unhappy and even guilty.Mindful eating: enjoy your food!_17_. It means paying attention to the present moment with curiosity, openness as well as kind

46、ness.It means being present with your food and eating process with all your consciousness and awareness.Before eating, you should assess whether you are hungry or not. Ask yourself honestly: Am I truly physically hungry or do I just want to use food as a way to escape the unwanted feelings hidden in

47、 the depth of my heart? If it is so, what are they? Boredom, depression, stress or fear? _18_.You should eat only when you are hungry.During the eating process, you should eat slowly without distractions of any kind. Dont watch TV or be glued to your cell phone screens._19_.Chew and savor each and e

48、very bite and fully appreciate this moment.It is also very important that you should never lose track of your feelings: feel the decrease in hunger and increase in fullness of your stomach. About halfway through the meal, you need to check in with yourself and ask the question: Am I satisfied? Do I need to keep eating? Stop when you are satisfied and no longer hungry. _20_.Start practice mindful eating now and you will benefit a lot from it!