名词性从句高三复习精选PPT.ppt

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1、关于名词性从句高三复习第1页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日基本概念基本概念:名词性从句是相当于名词的句子在句中名词性从句是相当于名词的句子在句中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语作主语、宾语、表语、同位语,因此分别称因此分别称为为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。从句。第2页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日 1 1、主语从句主语从句 (1)(1)引导主语从句的关联词有三类引导主语从句的关联词有三类:从属连词从属连词that(不充当句子成分不充当句子成分,没有词汇意义没有词汇意义)That they were in truth sisters was clear f

2、rom the facial resemblance between them.从属连词从属连词whether“是否是否”(不能使用不能使用if)Whether he will come here is not clear.连接代词连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever whatever,whichever,whoever=anyone who whatever=anything that whichever=anythat)第3页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日Examples:Who will give the speech is not known yet

3、.Who the prize will be given to is not decided yet.Whose room it is is clear.What he said at the meeting was true.What he said at the meeting is not known yet.Which(one)you like has nothing to do with me.Whoever comes is welcome.Whatever I have is at your service.Whichever(of you)comes first will re

4、ceive a prize.Whichever you want is yours.第4页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日连接副词连接副词where,when,how,why.Where the meeting will be held depends on the weather.When they are leaving is being discussed.How this happened is not clear to anyone.Why he was absent yesterday was that he was ill at home.第5页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日(2)(2

5、)主语从句常用主语从句常用it it作形式主语的有作形式主语的有 It+be+形容词形容词(obvious,true natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc)+that-It is probable that he told her everything.It+be+名词词组名词词组(no wonder,an honour,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc)+that-It is no surprise that our team should

6、 have won the game.It+be+过去分词过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,suggested)+that-.It is announced in todays newspaper that Bush will pay a visit to China next week.第6页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日 It+seems/appears,happens 等不及物动词及短语等不及物动词及短语+that-It happened that I was out that day.It doe

7、snt matter(makes no differences etc)+连接代连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句词或连接副词引导的主语从句It makes no differences where we shall have the meeting.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时当主语从句出现在感叹句中时,用用it it 作形式主语作形式主语.How strange it is that they are so quiet.第7页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日2._we cant get seems better than _ we have.A.What,what B.What,that C.Th

8、at,that D.That,what1._ you dont like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether that 不充当任何成分不充当任何成分 what 充当宾语Consolidation 第8页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日3._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where4._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who

9、B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever whoever=anyone who 凡凡者者5._ wants to do computer students should sign _on this paper.A.Who,his name B.The one who,her name C.Those who,their name D.Whoever,their names第9页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日6._is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This

10、C.That D.It it 作形式主语作形式主语7.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A.while B.that C.if D.for8._ seems strange to us is _ the troublesome boy is getting along well with all his teachers.A.It,that B.What,how C.It,how D.What,that what 作主语作主语,充当成分充当成分第10页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日9.It was only when I rerea

11、d his poems recently_I began to appreciate their beauty.A.until B.that C.then D.so 10.It was about 600 years ago_the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A.that B.until C.before D.when第11页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日1.I remember_this used to be a quite village.A.when B.how C.where D.what2.-Do you kno

12、w _Mr Blacks address is?-He may live at No.18 or No.19 of Bridge Street.Im not sure_ A.what,which B.where,which C.where,what D.what,where宾语从句：宾语从句：第12页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日 3.A computer can only do_you have instructed it to do.(2001)A.how B.after C.what D.when4.It is generally considered unwise to give a c

13、hild_he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever第13页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日5.These wild flowers are so special that I would do_I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever 6.-My foot hurts terribly,doctor.-Well,I wonder _it has been like this.A.since when B.since then C.how D.when

14、第14页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日 7.-Do you remember_he came?-Yes,I do.he came by car.A.where B.how C.that D.if8.Please tell me_you would like to have your coffee-black or white.A.what B.where C.when D.how9.Those children are wild.I feel sorry for _ has to be their babysitter.A.whoever B.who C.whomever D.someone第1

15、5页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日The question is who can complete the difficult task.He looks as if he was going to cry.The question is whether the film is worth seeing.表语从句表语从句第16页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日 1.-I drove to ZhuHai for the air show last week.-Is that _you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 2._she could

16、nt understand was_fewer and fewer students showed their interest in her lessons.A.what,why B.That,what C.what,because D.why,that第17页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日3.The reason_their failure you know is _they didnt get fully prepared for the experiment?A.why,that B.that,why C.for,that D.why,become 4.Go and get your c

17、oat.Its _you left it.A.there B.where C.there where D.where there第18页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日 5.That is _I was born and grew up?A.there B.in which C.where D.the place 6.-I rang you at about ten,but there was no reply.-Oh,that was probably _I was seeing the doctor.A.when B.why C.what D.that7.Air is to us_water

18、is to fish.A.that B.what C.where D.howA is to B what C is to DA之于之于B犹如犹如C 之于之于D第19页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日同位语从句：同位语从句：引引导同位同位语从从句的名句的名词主要有主要有 fact,news,fact,news,promise,idea,truth,hope,question,belief,promise,idea,truth,hope,question,belief,suggestion,thought,order,problem,fear,suggestion,thought,order,prob

19、lem,fear,doubt,etc.doubt,etc.连接接词用用thatthat(不能省不能省)不用不用 whichwhich，还用用how,when,where,why,whetherhow,when,where,why,whether（不用（不用if if）etcetc.第20页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日Eg:1.Where did you get the idea that I could not come?2.Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.3.I have no id

20、ea whether he will come or not.4.The question who should do the work requires consideration.5.We havent settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.第21页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日练习：练习：1.Information has been put forward_ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.w

21、hile B.that C.when D.as2.Tom left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon.A who B that C as D which 3.There is a feeling in me _ we will never know what a UFO is-not ever.A that B which C of which D what 第22页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日1.名词性从句考点名词性从句考点 1 1、引导词、引导词 that that 与与 whatwhat；that

22、that 与与 whetherwhether；if if 与与 whetherwhether；what what 与与 howhow等的区别；等的区别；2 2、名词性从句的时态和语序问题；、名词性从句的时态和语序问题；3 3、名词性从句的语气问题；、名词性从句的语气问题；4 4、同位语从句与定语从句的比较区别。、同位语从句与定语从句的比较区别。第23页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日1、名词性从句的引导词问题、名词性从句的引导词问题问题问题1：Great changes have taken place in that school.It is no longer _ it was 20 year

23、s ago,_ it was so poorly equipped.（05安徽安徽卷）卷）A.what;when B.that;which C.what;which D.which;that 前句考查的是前句考查的是 that 与与 what 的区别。的区别。that 在名词性从句中不充在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，而当任何成分，而 what 可充当名词性的成分。前句的表语从句可充当名词性的成分。前句的表语从句中还缺少表语，故只能用中还缺少表语，故只能用 what。后句是定语从句，修饰。后句是定语从句，修饰 20 years ago，所以须用，所以须用 when。第24页，讲稿共35张，创作于

24、星期日问题问题2：1)Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.(上海2001)A.whenB.if C.whetherD.why2)Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand_itisroughorsmooth.（05天津卷）A.不填B.whetherC.howD.what在名词性从句中表示在名词性从句中表示“是否是否”这一概念时，连词这一概念时，连词 if 一般只能引一般只能引导宾语从句，而题导宾语从句，而题1是表语从句，故不能

25、选是表语从句，故不能选B；注意；注意doubt 的用的用法，如果是肯定句，用法，如果是肯定句，用 whether，如果是否定句，用，如果是否定句，用 that。宾。宾语从句中，以下情况只用语从句中，以下情况只用 whether 不用不用 if：与与 or 连用时；连用时；后后接不定式短语时；接不定式短语时；在在 decide;be sure 等动词后。等动词后。第25页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日问题问题3：_leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.(MET1988)A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Whowhoever 引导

26、名词性从句时表示引导名词性从句时表示“无论哪一个无论哪一个”，相当，相当于于 anyone who；who 引导名词性从句时表示带有疑问的引导名词性从句时表示带有疑问的“谁谁”。根据该题的意思不难作出选择。选项。根据该题的意思不难作出选择。选项A,B后都缺少了后都缺少了 who，而引导定语从句的，而引导定语从句的 who 是不能省略的。是不能省略的。同时还需要注意同时还需要注意 whoever 与与 no matter who;whatever 与与 no matter what 等的区别。等的区别。wh-ever 既可引导名词性从句也可既可引导名词性从句也可引导状语从句，而引导状语从句，而

27、no matter wh-只能引导状语从句。只能引导状语从句。第26页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日问题问题4：1)Iwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognize_sillymistakesIhadmade.（05湖南卷）A.whatB.thatC.howD.which2)Parentsaretaughttounderstand_importanteducationistotheirchildrensfuture.（04广东）A.thatB.howC.suchD.sowhat 与与 how 引导感叹句时，引导感叹句时，what 后加名词，后加名词，how

28、 后加形容后加形容词和副词。其结构为：词和副词。其结构为：What+(a)+(adj.)+n.但要注意在但要注意在 what 后不能加表示数量的后不能加表示数量的 many;much;few;little 等词。等词。How+adj.+(a)+(n.)，要注意的是要注意的是 how 后的名词只能为单数名词。题后的名词只能为单数名词。题1中是复数名词，只能用中是复数名词，只能用 what；题；题2中的正常语序是中的正常语序是 education is important to their，所以选，所以选B。第27页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日1、Scientiststhinkthatthecon

29、tinents_alwayswherethey_today.(05北京卷)A.arent;areB.arent;wereC.werent;areD.werent;were2、Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.Oh!Ithoughtthey_withoutme.(05江西卷)AwentBaregoingChavegoneDhadgone当主句的动词为现在和将来时态时，名词性从句中的动作根据所发生的当主句的动词为现在和将来时态时，名词性从句中的动作根据所发生的时间来定，可以有各种时态；当主句的动词为过去时态时，从句中的动时间来定，

30、可以有各种时态；当主句的动词为过去时态时，从句中的动作一般都要使用相应的过去时，除非表示客观真理。作一般都要使用相应的过去时，除非表示客观真理。2 2、名词性从句中的时态问题、名词性从句中的时态问题第28页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日1、Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.(全国全国2000)A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is 2、The photographs will show you _（MET1989）A.what does our village look like B.

31、what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like 名词性从句中都用陈述语序，不用倒装语序。题名词性从句中都用陈述语序，不用倒装语序。题1中的干扰项中的干扰项是是B，对想要知道的人提问或应答都用，对想要知道的人提问或应答都用 it 而不用人称代词而不用人称代词 he,I,you 等。题等。题2只要注意是介词宾语就行了。只要注意是介词宾语就行了。3、名词性从句中的语序问题、名词性从句中的语序问题第29页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日4.名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的

32、虚拟语气 A、宾语从句中的虚拟语气、宾语从句中的虚拟语气在动词suggest,order,demand,request,desire,insist,require,decide,determine,advise,recommend,deserve(值得提及)后需用should型的虚拟语气。1.Theteacherdemandedthatthework_before4oclock.A.finishedB.befinishedC.shouldfinishD.finish2.-Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmothersillness?-Hesuggestedthatshe

33、_anoperationatonce.A.musthaveB.hadC.have D.hadhad第30页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日B、主语从句中的虚拟语气、主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型：基本句型：a.It is suggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted；+(should)do b.It is important,necessary,natural,desirable,strange,advisable,imperative that+(should)do c.It is a pity,a shame,no

34、wonderthat+(should)do 1.Is it necessary that he _ the examination?A.takesB.has to takeC.must takeD.take2.It is strange that he _ you this.A.would tell B.should tell C.had told D.has told第31页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日C、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在在 suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice 等名词后面等名词后面的表语从

35、句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动动词原形。词原形。My idea is that we(should)get more people to attend the conference.I make a proposal that we(should)hold a meeting next week.1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A.try B.tries C.must try D.can try第32页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日5、it 作形式主语或

36、形式宾语的问题作形式主语或形式宾语的问题 问题问题1：1、_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET1995)A.There B.This C.That D.It2、I like_ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（04全国全国I）A thisB that C itD one 3、The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak

37、at the meeting.（05全国卷全国卷1）Athat Bit Cthis Dhim 主语、宾语从句常用先行词主语、宾语从句常用先行词 it 代替，而将其置于句末。但由代替，而将其置于句末。但由 whatever,whoever 引导的主语从句一般不用引导的主语从句一般不用 it 代替。代替。第33页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日6、其它需要注意的几个问题、其它需要注意的几个问题1)在在 think,believe,suppose,expect,guess 等动词后的否定等动词后的否定 前移问题；前移问题；2）在）在 hope,believe,imagine,suppose,guess,

38、think,expect,tell,say,fear 以及以及 be afraid 等词语后，可用等词语后，可用 so 代替一个宾语从句代替一个宾语从句(指代上文涉及之事指代上文涉及之事)。3）记住同位语从句的记住同位语从句的“先行词先行词”，如：，如：“advice,belief(信念信念),doubt(怀疑怀疑),fact,fear,hope,idea,knowledge,news,order,problem,question,remark(意见意见),reply,report,suggestion,thought(想法想法),wish,”等。等。4）同位语从句与定语从句的区别）同位语从句与定语从句的区别第34页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第35页，讲稿共35张，创作于星期日