2020-2021学年辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中高二下学期期末学业质量监测英语试题 解析版.docx

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1、辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中2020-2021学年高二下学期期末学业质量监测英语试题一、阅读选择Amid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.PotatoesShelflife ： 2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark placeYukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoes will la

2、st from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelflife. Dont store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.

3、TeaXShelf life： 6 to 12 months past sell - by dateDried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the lea does tend to lose flavor over lime.Peanuts Shelflife ： 1 to 2 mon

4、thsPeanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.Canned fruits and vegetables Shelflife ： 1 to 2 years past sell - by” dateCanning is an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods arent

5、subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?A. Potatoes.B. Tea.C. Peanuts.D. Canned fruits and veget

6、ables.2. What is special about tea?A. The flavor of tea can always remain (he same.B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.知，本段主要关于用豆渣制作食物包装的方式，应选C。13. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的bul Chen says that most are made from wood or com, grown fbr that purpose. By contrast, his wrap is made from a waste p

7、roduct,which doesnt compete with other crops for land and is more sustainable.但是陈先生说，大多数塑料薄 膜都是用木材或玉米制成的。相比之下，他的塑料薄膜是用废弃的产品制成的。可知， 陈的包装与其他纤维素塑料包装最大的区别它是由食物残渣制成的。这种产品不会与其 他作物争夺土地，而且更具可持续性.分析选项可知C项符合题意，应选C。14. 推理判断题。倒数第二段中的 Chen adds, The soy - based wrap costs almost nothing to make in the lab becaus

8、e the raw materials are free. Commercial production would involve additional expenses, such as storage and quality control, however, we have not calculated those costs yet. ”陈补充道：“大豆基包装材料在实验室几乎不需要花费任何本钱，因为 它的原材料是免费的。商业生产将涉及额外的费用，如储存和质量控制，但我们尚未计 算这些费用。”由此可推断出食品包装的商业化生产会导致生产本钱的增加，D项符合 题意，应选D。15. D推理判断

9、题。阅读全文可知，文章主要表达了新加坡南洋理工大学的食品科学和技术教 授依靠科学技术利用豆渣制作出环保的食品包装。可知文章涉及科学，由此可知，本文 应选自科学杂志。应选D。二、七选五How to Avoid Identity TheftEvery year, a large quantity of personal information is leaked into the wrong hands.Millions of people suffer the identity theft. Maybe theres spyware on their computer, or a service

10、 they use has a security problem, leaving customers at risk of exposure. But there is no need to fear. Its a lot easier than you might think to set up proper defenses. 16.Heres how.Clean your computer and smart-phone17. before you put new security measures into place. This means fixing a good anti-v

11、irus program and taking the time to clear out any spyware that may have already infected your system.Ensure your Wi-Fi safetyNow that your computer is clean, you should plug any holes in your home network. Its fairly easy fbr potential criminals to gain access to your information if theyre able to s

12、hare your connection. 18. . Different routers （路由器）will have different setup pages, so the actual stcp-by-stcp will vary, but the end result will be the same. Heres what to do: Enable basic password protection. You also need to change the password that allows you to access your routers settings to b

13、egin with. Then change the original name of your wireless network. Dont use any personal infonnation here.19.Everything you just finished could be for nothing if a thief has your existing passwords, so you need to change them fbr every service you use. What youve heard is true: Passwords should use

14、a variety of special characters, numbers, letters, and cases when possible. 20., and there should be a different one for each website you use.Doing this or keeping track of it all is pain, which is why people dont do it and wind up with stolen identities. Try it, and theres no need to worry about al

15、l those problems. A. Dig deep with your passwordsThey should be close to randomUse the passwords in the same wayIn fact, you can easily do it all in a weekendE.However, it is a challenge to set up a defenseF.Make sure your devices are as spotless as possibleGThats why you want to be care fill when u

16、sing public Wi-Fi【答案】 16. D 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. B【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了怎样防止个人信息在网上被泄露。【详解】I.根据上文Its a lot easier than you might think to set up proper defenses” （建立适当的防 御比你想象的要容易得多。）同时根据下文提的方法，可知空白处与上文为顺承关系， 讲述防御的方法很简单。选项D.“In fact, you can easily do it all in a weekend （事实上， 你可以很容易地在个周末做到这切），说明做好防御是不需

17、要花费太多时间的，即 方法很容易。符合文意，应选D。2 , 根据下文“This means fixing a good anti-virus program and taking the time to clear out any spyware that may have already infected your system.（这意味着修复一个好的反病毒 程序，并花时间清除任何可能已经感染你的系统的间谍软件。）说明通过反病毒程序和 清理已经感染你的系统的间谍软件，就可以使自己的信息得到保护，而不泄露，所以前 文描述的是在你采取新的平安措施之前，要确保你的设备尽可能的干净。选项F.“Mak

18、e sure your devices are as spotless as possible （确保你的设备尽可能的干净）,符合题意， 应选Fo.根据本段标题“Ensure your Wi-Fi safety（确保你的无线网络平安）及设空前Its fairly easy for potential criminals （o gain access to your information if theyre able to share your connection（如果潜在的罪犯能够提供你的连接，他们很容易获取你的信息。）可知， 当你的连接被罪犯轻易获得后，他们就可以获得你的信息。所以设空处

19、要说明的是在使 用公共无线网时要小心。选项G“That，swhy you want to be careful whenusing public Wi-Fi（这就是为什么你在使用公共无线网时要小心），选项中“Wi-Fi”和标 题关键词一致，符合题意，应选G.3 .本句处于标题位置.，结合前文标题句式特点，可知句式要用祈使句。根据下文 Everything you just finished could be fbr nothing if a thief has your existing passwords, so you need to change them for every servi

20、ce you use. （如果一个小偷有你现有的密码，你 刚刚完成的一切可能都是徒劳，所以你需要为你使用的每个服务更改密码。）可知，要 对自己用的密码进行修改，选项A.“Digde印with your passwords”（深入挖掘你的密码）。符合题意，应选A。4 . 根据上 文“Passwords should use a variety of special characters, numbers, letters, and cases when possible”（密码应尽可能使用各种特殊字符、数字、字母和大小写。）可知， 密码的设置形式要多样化，所以下文应表述密码设置不要有规律，即设置

21、要近乎于随意。 选项B.“They should be close to random.（它们应该是随机的。）与题意相符，应选B。三、完形填空An English battleship was sailing at sea in the severe weather for several days. The visibility was poor 21 heavy fog, so the captain landed on the watchtower, 22all the activities.Shortly, a lookout reported that a light ahead w

22、as 23. The captain asked, uIs itsteady or 24 towards our ship? The lookout replied, The light was steady, but our _ 25 was going to 26 into that one. The captain ordered the lookout to send asignal to that ship and told them that the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other if they

23、didnt 27 course. Back came a signal, “Its 28 for you to change course. Then the captain shouted angrily. 4tSend, Tm a battleship. You,ll change course.” “Captain, Ive never seen you 29 your top before. the lookout said and did. Back came another signal, Tm a lighthouse!, The captain was extremely 30

24、 after knowing this, and they had to change their course 31.On our path in life, we sometimes have to change course: 32 we would run into the 33. Some people spend much time trying to change everything around them, notrealizing they can 34 it only by changing themselves. Theyre hitting their head on

25、 the barrier but expecting a good result. Its just as stupid as not changing their course When those are about to collide （相撞）with a lighthouse. So when life puts an unmovable 35 in front of you. stick to the secret: changing course and going on.21. A. in spile ofB. in addition toC. on account ofD.o

26、n top of22. A. keeping an eye onB. asking aboutC.engaging inD. turning a deaf eat to23. A. chargingB. fallingC. weakeningD.flashing24. A. shootingB. movingC. pointingD.looking25. A. instructionB. methodC. shipD.captain26. A. tradeB. changeC. crashD.compete27. A. affectB. readjustC. admitD.uncover28.

27、 A. typicalB. earlyC. challengingD.advisable29. A. blowB. reachC. stuffD.show30. A. heartbrokenB. innocentC. relievedD.shocked31. A. temporarilyB. instantlyC. slowlyD.merrily32. A. otherwiseB. howeverC. thereforeD.anyway33. A. top secretB. safe pathC. comfort zoneD.brick wall34. A. leamB. makeC. tak

28、eD.see35. A. opportunityB. targetC. objectD.fantasy【答案】CAD21. BCCB22. DADB23. ADBC【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一艘英国战舰差点与灯塔相撞的故事，告诉我们一 个道理：当生活把一个不可移动的东西摆在你面前时，你要改变的是你自己，所以，改 变方向，继续前进。21. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于大雾，能见度很低，所以船长登上瞭望塔上，密切注意 着所有的活动。A. in spite of 尽管;B. in addition to 除了； C. on account of 由于;D. on top of在 之上。

29、由本处的“The visibility was poor 1 heavy fog”可知，是由于大雾， 能见度很低。应选C项。22. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于大雾，能见度很低，所以船长登上瞭望塔上，密切注意 着所有的活动。A. keeping an eye on 密切注意;B. asking about 询问;C. engaging in 从 事；D. turning a deaf eart。充耳不闻。由上文语境可知，这般英国战舰在恶劣的天气下 在海上航行了好几天，雾大能见度低，因此船长上了瞭望塔，密切注意着船和船周边的 一切活动（以防发生意外）。应选A项。23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久

30、，瞭望员报告说前面有一盏灯闪着。A. charging收费： B. falling 落下;C. weakening 削弱;D. flashing 闪光。由下文的“The light was steady”可 知，前方有灯闪着。应选D项。24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个船长问：“它是稳定的还是朝我们的船移动的？ “A.shooting 射击；B. moving 移动；C. pointing 指出；D. looking 看。由下文的the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other”可知，船长问灯是稳定的，还是在向他们 的

31、船移动，如果灯是移动的，他们就有相撞的风险。应选B项。25. 考查名词词义辨析二句意：瞭望员回答说：“灯光是稳定的，但我们的船要与那艘船相 撞。A. instruction 说明书；B. method 方法;C. ship 船；D. captain 船长。由卜文的“the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other if they didnt 7 course”可知， 如果双方不重新调整航向的话，船长的船要与那艘船相撞，此处指“我们的船”（船长的 船）。应选C项。26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：瞭望员回答说：“灯光是稳定的

32、，但我们的船要与那艘船相 撞。A. trade贸易；B. change改变；C. crash碰撞；D. compete竞争，比赛。由卜文的“the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other if they didnt 7 course”可知， 如果双方不重新调整航向的话，船长的船要与那艘船相撞。应选C项。27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：船长命令瞭望员向那艘船发出信号，并告诉他们，如果双方 不重新调整航向，就有相撞的危险。A. affeci影响；B. readjust重新调整；C. admit成认； D. uncover揭

33、开。由下文的“they had to change their course”可知，船长立即改变航向（避 免了相撞），所以此处指重新调整航向。应选B项。28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回来了一个信号，“你们改道才是明智的。A. typical典型 的；B. early早的;C. challenging挑战性的；D. advisable明智的。由全文语境可知,这 里回信号的是灯塔，灯塔无法改变航向，为了防止相撞，船长的船改变航向才是明智的。 应选D项。29. 考杳动词词义辨析。句意：“船长，我以前从未见过你勃然大怒。瞭望员说了又（按 船长说的）做了。A. blow吹；B. reach到达；C.

34、 stuff填满；D. show展示。由上文的“Then Ihe caplain shouted angrily”可知，船长很生气，此处指瞭望员从未见过船长勃然大怒， 固定搭配blow ones lop （勃然大怒）。应选A项。30. 考杳形容词词义辨析。句意：船长知道这件事后大吃一惊，他们不得不立即改变航向。A. hear由roken 心碎的；B. innocent 天真的；C. relieved 放心的；D. shocked 吃惊的。由 上文语境可知，船长以为对面的是一艘船，然而实际上，对面的是灯塔，所以船长知道 后大吃一惊。应选D项。31. 考查副词词义辨析二句意：船长知道这件事后大吃一

35、惊，他们不得不立即改变航向。A. temporarily 暂时地;B. instantly 立即地;C. slowly 慢慢地；D. merrily 愉快地。由上 文语境可知，船长以为对面的是一艘船，一直叫对面改变航向以防止相撞，然而实际上， 对面的是灯塔，为了防止相撞，他们不得不立即改变航向。应选B项。32. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我们的人生道路上，我们有时不得不改变方向：否那么，我 们会遇到砖墙。A. otherwise 否那么；B. however 然而；C. therefore 因此；D. anyway 无论 如何。由上文语境可知，船长的船如果不改变航向就会撞上灯塔，人生路上也是一

36、样， 为了防止相撞我们不得不改变方向，否那么就会遇见砖墙（撞上去），前后两句是转折关 系，应用otherwise。应选A项。33. 考查名词短语辨析。句意：在我们的人生道路上，我们有时不得不改变方向：否那么，我 们会遇到砖墙。A. top secret绝密；B. safe path平安路径；C. comfort zone舒适区；D. brick wall砖墙。由上文语境可知，船长的船如果不改变航向就会撞上灯塔，人生路上也是一 样，为了防止相撞我们不得不改变方向，否那么就会遇见砖墙（撞上去）。应选D项。34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人花了很多时间试图改变周围的一切，却没有意识到只 有改变自

37、己才能成功。A. learn学习；B. make使；C. take拿走；D. see看见。由上文语 境可知，船长一直叫对面的船改变航向以防止相撞，然而，对面的船实际上是灯塔，最 后船长通过自己改变航向防止了相撞，人生路上也是如此，试图改变周围的一切是很难 的，只有改变自己才能成功，固定搭配make il （成功）。应选B项。35. 考杳名词词义辨析。句意：所以，当生活把一个不可移动的东西摆在你面前时，坚持这 个秘密：改变方向，继续前进。A. opportunity机会；B. target目标;C. object东西；D. fantasy 幻想。由上文语境可知，灯塔就是那个不可移动的东西，船长不

38、改变航向，就会撞上去， 但最后船长通过自己改变航向防止了相撞，所以在人生旅途中，当生活把一个不可移动 的东西摆在你面前时，你要学会自己改变方向，继续前进。应选C项。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的适当形式。You may remember back at the start of December, 36. China carried out their unmanned Change-5 mission and the spacecraft touched down on the moon to collect samples for

39、 research. Now it 37. (success) returned to the Earth. This is the most significant event in Chinas space field, and also one of the most notable space 38. (activity) globally. Change-5, 39. (launch) by a Long March 5 heavy-lift carrier rocket early on Nov 24, is the nations 40. (large) and most com

40、plex lunar probe. It returned with 1,731 grams of lunar rock and soil to the Earth, 41. (mark) a historic accomplishment 44 years after the last lunar substances were taken back. The 23-day mission was Chinas first space journey to claim extraterrestrial samples, making 42. the third country to acco

41、mplish the task, the first being (he USA in the 1960*8 and the second Soviet Union in the 1970s.The spacecraft 43. (enter) the Earths atmosphere at an altitude of around 120km. As soon as it was 10km above land, it released its parachute and landed smoothly in Chinas Inner Mongolia. Now the spacecra

42、ft has been air lifted to Beijing where the samples 44. (examine) by scientists very soon.The missions results will contribute 45. mankinds deeper understanding of the mooirs origins and the evolution of the solar system.【答案】whensuccessfully 38. activities 39. launched 40. largest 41. marking 42. it

43、entered43. will be examinedto【分析】这是篇说明文。本文介绍了嫦娥五号进行为期23天的太空之旅获取外星样本，使中 国成为第三个完成这项任务的国家。36. 考查定语从句。句意：你可能还记得去年12月初，中国执行了嫦嫉五号无人驾驶任务， 飞船着陆月球，采集样本用于研究。定语从句的先行词是the start of December,表示时 间，且在定语从句中充当时间状语。故填when。37. 考查副词。句意：现在它成功地返回了地球。空处修饰动词relumed,需要用副词。故 填 successfully。38. 考查名词。句意：这是中国航天领域最重大的事件，也是全球最引人

44、注目的航天活动之 一。根据one of可知空处应该用可数名词的复数形式。故填aciivities。39. 考查非谓语动词。句意：嫦娥五号于H月24 FI凌晨由长征五号重型运载火箭发射升空, 是中国最大、最复杂的月球探测器。空处的launch作定语，且与被修饰的Changd5为 被动关系，用过去分词。故填launched。40. 考查形容词最高级。句意：见上题。根据由and连接,并列的most complex lunar probe 可知,空处需要用最高级。故填largest。41. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它带回了 1731克的月球岩石和土壤，在最后一批月球物质被 带回44年后，这标志着一项历史

45、性的成就。空处为结果状语，且与句子的主语II为主 动关系，用现在分词。故填marking。42. 考查代词。句意：这次为期23天的任务是中国首次太空之旅获取外星样本，使中国成 为第三个完成这项任务的国家，第一个是60年代的美国，第二个是70年代的苏联。空 处需要用代词指代Chinao故填it0考查谓语动词的时态。句意：宇宙飞船在大约120千米的高度进入地球大气层。表示发 生在过去的动作，用一般过去时。故填entered。43. 考查谓语动词的时态。句意：现在宇宙飞船已经被空运到北京，那里的样本将很快被科 学家检测。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据very soon可知要用般将来时;且examin

46、e 与samples为被动关系，用被动语态。故填will be examinedo考查介词。句意：这次任务的结果将有助于人类更深入地了解月球的起源和太阳系的演化。contribute to.为固定短语,意为“有助于故填3【点睛】语法填空题目需要在理解文本意思的基础上，分析句法结构，综合做出判断。五、提纲类作文假如你是李华，你的英国朋友David是你校的一名交换生，六一儿童节期间他准 备参加当地帮助残疾儿童的志愿者活动，他想给一些残疾儿童送一些礼物，发来邮件询 问什么礼物合适。请你根据以下要点回复，并表示感激。1 .感谢他尽己所能去帮助残疾儿童；.说明自己决定和他一起去；.建议送些水果或儿童书籍

47、等，并说明理由。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear David,Im grateful that you want to help the disabled children. Reading your email, Im so moved that Ive decided to see the disabled children on Childreifs Day with you.As to what presents arc the best choice, its really a matter of personal preference.

48、Id like to recommend sending (he children some fruits or some books. On the one hand, fruits are good fbr childrens health, and it is also convenient to carry. On the other hand, disabled as they are, all of them, I think, are eager to study. Therefore, books may also be a good choice.Anyway, whatever presents you choose, youll be appreciated by those disabledTea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.C. The maximum length of time that lea can be store