红楼梦_诗词英译研究_异化与归化之角度_毕春丽_0_2ResearchonPo.doc

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1、MA Thesis the translation, while domestication and foreignization are focusing on not only the linguistic level, but also on the cultural level (郭 建中 ， 1999). Foreignization and domestication are mainly used to deal with culture-loaded expressions. Poetry in Hong Lou Meng is typical of Chinese cultu

2、re and linguistic characteristics. 0.2 Research on Po etry and Poetry Translation in Hong Lou Meng Hong Lou Meng is a world famous masterpiece, which demonstrates clothing, food, architecture, social system, social customs, conventions, education, literature, art and philosophy etc. It is an encyclo

3、pedia of researching ancient Chinese literature and culture. The culture of Chinese Nation has a long history, in which poetry plays a very important role. The translation of poetry in Hong Lou Meng is not only an integral part of this novel, but also an important part of the translation of Chinese

4、classical poems. Hong Lou Meng is the summit of classical Chinese novels, and it is insurmountable. There are more than two hundred well-designed traditional verses in this novel, which form an inseparate part of the novel and reflect the typical personalities of different roles. Therefore, the accu

5、rate translation of verses in Hong Lou Meng is necessary for target language readers to understand the novel. In 1830, John Davis translated Hong Lou Meng into English and he 4 A Study on the Poetry Translation in the Two English Versions of Hong Lou Meng from the Perspectives of Foreignization and

6、Domestication was the first person to do that. In 1986, John Minford completed the translation of the last forty chapters of Hong Lou Meng, which meant nine English versions had been published by that time. There are only two full versions among the nine English versions and the rest are abbreviatio

7、ns of the novel. As for the first English version, John Davis only chose two pieces of poems in HLM to translate, and his version was entitled Chinese Poetry. These two poems are selected from chapter 3 in Hong Lou Meng, providing a vivid picture of Jia Baoyu. John Davis, the first English translato

8、r of Hong Lou Meng only rendered two poems in the whole book rather than translated the plot of the novel, which justified the charm and importance of poetry and poetry translation in HLM. In 1970, David Hawkes began to translate HLM, and he spent ten years to finish the translation of the first eig

9、hty chapters. His version was divided into three volumes and published respectively in 1973, 1977 and 1980. The translation of the last forty chapters was completed by his son-in-law John Minford in 1986. In the process of translating, Hawkes always had readers in mind. He got great pleasure in read

10、ing HLM, and he wanted to provide some of the pleasure for the target language readers. In a word, Hawkes and Minford mainly followed the norms of English, and they did their utmost to meet the target language readers expectancy. For example, they inclined to domesticate HLM to make 5 5 M A Thesis t

11、heir version largely accepted by the target language readers. In the process of translation, they got much freedom from their bilingual capacity of Chinese and English. Besides, their agreement with Penguin guaranteed their freedom to fulfill readers expectancy. Their freedom in translation made the

12、m prone to adopting domestication in translating HLM. However, no translation could be wholly domesticated. Hawkes and Minford also kept some otherness of HLM in their version. This otherness gives target languages readers a feeling of alienation. Therefore, foreignization and domestication are both

13、 adopted in The Story of the Stone. At the beginning of 1960s, Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang set about the translation of HLM. However, they put aside their works for some reason in the process of translation. But finally, their version, A Dream of Red Mansions, was fully completed in 1974. During 197

14、8 and 1980, it was published in three volumes by Foreign Language Press. In the process of translation, the Yangs retain much otherness of Chinese culture, such as culture associative images, daily life and thoughts in feudal society. It looks like that the characters actually live in feudal society

15、 of ancient China. By reading their faithful translation of poems in HLM, TL readers can comprehend original Chinese culture and feudal society. It can be concluded that the Yangs aim to convey Chinese culture by 6 A Study on the Poetry Translation in the Two English Versions of Hong Lou Meng from t

16、he Perspectives of Foreignization and Domestication foreignization. In the translated works, readers should take their own effort in comprehending other cultures. By reading foreignized version of HLM, they can acquire knowledge of Chinese culture after overcoming cultural obstacles at the very begi

17、nning. The Yangs also adopt domestication in their translation of poems in HLM. To be easily accepted by TL readers, they change Chinese poetry patterns according to norms of English poems in rhyming schemes and numbers of syllables. In Chinese poems, the personal pronouns are always vague or even o

18、mitted, while this condition is not true in English poems. Therefore, the Yangs add personal pronouns in their translation, besides they also domesticate some minor cultural factors. So it can be concluded that A Dream of Red Mansions is a compromise of foreignization and domestication. Since the pu

19、blication of The story of The Stone and A Dream of Red Mansions, many scholars referred to these two versions to carry on their researches on HLM translation. Many of them adopted the method of comparison-analysis-conclusion from different perspectives. In the following, some scholars viewpoints abo

20、ut the translation of HLM will be elaborated. Ke Wenli (1990) expressed that Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang translation is more faithful, while Hawkes and Minford version is different from the original novel. Although The Story of the Stone is 5 7 MA Thesis easily accepted by TL readers, it is a distor

21、tion of Chinese culture. The main translation strategy adopted by them shouldnt be preferred by translators. Wang Jing (2003) carried on her essay from the translating of culture elements in the two full versions. She stated that A Dream of Red Mansions adopted foreignization-oriented translating me

22、thod, while The story of The Stone had the inclination to domestication. Hawkes and Minford translated HLM by being faithful to authentic English expression and domesticated most of Chinese culture according to norms of English culture. Guo Jianzhong (1998) wrote that both domestication and foreigni

23、zation have advantages and disadvantages in his essay. According to different translating objectives, A Dream of Red Mansions and The story of The Stone fulfilled different readers expectancy. Cui Yonglu (2003) specifically analyzed Hawkes and Minfords inclination in translating HLM. They successful

24、ly transformed the thematic and artistic messages in the original text. While they mainly domesticated cultural message by adopting unequal cultural substitution and omitting typical Chinese culture. In fact, the first half of the twentieth century saw few researches on poetry in Hong Lou Meng, rega

25、rdless of researches on poetry translation. In the 1970s, a lot of monographs on poetry in Hong Lou Meng flourished. Cai Yijiang, a famous redologist, wrote a book named The 5 8 A Study on the Poetry Translation in the Two English Versions of Hong Lou Meng from the Perspectives of Foreignization and

26、 Domestication Commentary and Annotation of Poetry in Hong Lou Meng (2001). His book aroused great attention among Chinese intellectuals. There are still other famous monographs about poetry in Hong Lou Meng, such as Liu Genglu The Analyses of Poetry in ELM (1999), Wang Shizhao Appreciation on Poetr

27、y in /LM (2004), Shi Dejun On Artistic Values of Poetry in HLM (1995) and etc. There are also periodicals on poetry in HLM, such as Li Ping Resume of Research on Poetry in HLM (2005). As for the research on translation of HLM, the monographs are as the following: Feng Qinghuas 777e d 付 CVre/e (红 译艺坛

28、 ） in 2006， Liu Shicongs 7hms7ao (2004) , and Wang Hongyin The Comparative Research of Poetry English- Translation in HLM (2001) In recent years, a lot of masters theses researched on poetry translation of HLM. These researches are mainly from the following angles: the perspective of skopos theory,

29、the perspective of translators subjectivity, the perspective of reception theory, the perspective of Tourys norms and so on so forth. Some theses discussed translation of religious culture, some disserted translation of idioms with images in HLM, and some did with metaphors, lantern riddles, regulat

30、ed verses and etc. Of all these papers, some were based on poems in A Dream of Red Mansions, while some were based on The Story of the Stone. As for the involvement of the two versions, the papers largely analyzed several pieces of poems in HLM. Inspired by these 9 MA Thesis previous monographs and

31、papers, the author carries on the thesis from the dynamic unity of foreignization and domestication in poetry translation of HLM, which is a kind of novelty to some extent. 0.3 Research Purposes and the Thesis Structure China has a long history of composing and appreciating poems. Poems have become

32、typical features of Chinese classical culture, such as The .Book of Songs， The Songs of Chu. In translating poems in Hong Lou Meng, it is of great difficulty for translators to remain the original flavor without affecting readability for target language readers. Because the cultural differences betw

33、een China and the west, the poetry translation in Hong Lou Meng is very difficult. Many translators have tried from different angles. Some of them focus on the linguistic level of the translation, some on the cultural level and some combine the two aspects. It was discovered that the Yangs mainly ad

34、opted foreignization and Hawkes and Minford adopted more domestication. Venuti prefers the forignization strategy in translation. In his opinion, foreignization can keep the linguistic and cultural differences embedded in the original text. In this way, foreignization can send the target language readers abroad. And in doing so, it can resist the ethnic centralism of the target language. (享 P 建 中 ,1998). Foreignization or domestieation was considered and 10