New英语复合句翻译.docx

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1、The translation of the antient Chinese architectural style摘要：关于建筑的文本中，其中存在大量结构复杂的复合句。因此，复合句的恰当翻译对保证该著作的翻译质量至关重要。本论文以中国古代建筑结构为例，通过对比英汉句子在造句策略、句子结构以及重心位置方面的差异，分析了英语复合句中在转换成汉语时所面临的各种困难，提出了相应的翻译策略和翻译技巧，并且以具体的翻译例句验证了这些策略的有效性。从文化翻译理论的视角,本文探讨了我国古代建筑文化中复合句的翻译技巧，主要包括顺序法、分割法、断句法、分流法和逆序法。文章的研究对于英文复合句的翻译具有重要的意义

2、。关键词：古典建筑；复合句；翻译技巧Abstract： In the text of architecture, there are many complex sentences. Therefore, the proper translation of complex sentences is very important to guarantee the quality of translation. In this paper, the author takes the Chinese ancient architecture as an example to compare the d

3、ifferences between English and Chinese sentences in terms of sentence structure, sentence structure and the position of the center of gravity. It analyzes the difficulties in English complex sentence into Chinese when facing, and it puts forward corresponding translation strategies and translation s

4、kills, and it uses specific translation examples to verify the effectiveness of these strategies. From the perspective of cultural translation theory, this paper discusses the translation of complex sentences of ancient Chinese architectural culture, including the sequential method, segmentation met

5、hod, segmentation method, distribution method and reverse order method. The study of the thesis is of great significance to the translation of English complex sentences.Key words: classical architecture; complex sentence; translation skillsCatalog1 Instruction12 The basic language features of 2 comp

6、ound sentences12.1 sentence composition complex12.2 word order is very different from Chinese22.3 sentence making is mainly use the hypotaxis method23 current problems in the translation of English complex sentences24 the translation of Chinese architectural culture44.1 Sequential translation44.2 Re

7、verse translation44.3 Segmentation method44.4 Shunt method54.5 Reverse translation55. Conclusion6Reference documentation71 InstructionThere are great differences between the two languages, Chinese and English. There are one or more independent clause or some components of the subordinate clause in E

8、nglish complex sentence. Time and logical sequence is not exactly the same between the main clause and subordinate clause in complex sentences of Chinese and English. So their positions are not exactly the same. English has SVO structure; That is, the time of each component is closely linked through

9、 grammar. The seven sentence patterns of English are derived and extended by the SV stable structure. Chinese has TC structure; thats the topic and the model. This is very different from the sentence structure of English. To grasp this is the premise of translation.The treatment of Noun Clauses is t

10、ranslation in regular sequence and the division in the translation. At the same time, the sentence level should be adjusted according to the logic of the sentence. Before translating noun clauses, we must first classify the meaning groups. This can accurately determine the sentence is composed of wh

11、at information and then be processed into Chinese sentences based on the information. Here is more commonly used translation in regular sequence and the division in the translation. If close to English and Chinese word order, we can directly use ordinal translation. This can not only ensure the tran

12、smission of the original information, and it is also more convenient to do. If the English sentence structure and Chinese differences too large, at the same time the components are closely connected; Use the division in the translation here. We will be connected to the information in accordance with

13、 the characteristics of Chinese that are split into several sentences. So that readers can easily understand, but also it is in line with the characteristics of Chinese language. At the same time, we should find out the logic of the sentence. Because the characteristics of the paper are logical, the

14、 translation should be logical. The implicit logic of sentences must be expressed in Translation to ensure that the implicit logic can be embodied in the translation. Only in this way can we meet the characteristics of academic papers.2 The basic language features of 2 compound sentences2.1 sentence

15、 composition complexThe compound sentence is constituted by a main clause and one or more clauses in the sentence. In a sentence, usually it is the main body of the whole sentence, and can exist independently; However the clause is a sentence, which cannot exist independently. Although a clause cann

16、ot exist alone, it contains a subject and a predicate, just like a sentence. But the difference is that clauses often require an associated word to guide. Complex sentences can be roughly divided into two categories: principal and subordinate complex sentences and compound sentences. These two types

17、 of complex sentence can be subdivided into several different types of complex sentences, which leads to the difficulty of understanding of the original translation increases, so complex sentence has become a big problem in English translation.In some application articles, especially articles in tra

18、de, complex sentence is quite common, which mainly is the subordinate compound complex sentence, such as subject clauses, attributive clauses and appositive clauses etc. This kind of complex sentence and general articles in English complex sentence be quite different in meaning aspect, that there is

19、 a clause and at least one clause sentences. In this kind of professional English, the compound sentence is often long, the sentence is modified and combined, and a complex sentence usually contains multiple clauses. This also brings a lot of trouble to English translation work.2.2 word order is ver

20、y different from ChineseCompared with the Chinese, the main component of English sentence is roughly the same in word order, but due to different ways of thinking and expression of habit, two languages do exist some differences in word order indeed. these differences are mainly embodied and logical

21、order is not the same place. When expressing or asking questions in English, people tend to take the idea of expressing the parts first and then expressing the whole, from small to large; The Chinese language is just the opposite, the Chinese like to take the first expression of the whole, re expres

22、sion of the concept of the part, that is, from large to small way. For example, in the expression of the name, the English speaking countries are to make the name in the front, after the surname, while China is the opposite;When asked about the concept of expression, the order of the English speakin

23、g countries is the date in the former, the year after, however the order of the Chinese is years, months and days.2.3 sentence making is mainly use the hypotaxis methodEnglish sentence mainly adopts the shape method, with associated words explicit language means the connection, to express the logic

24、and grammatical meaning; While Chinese sentences mainly use the hypotaxis method, clauses expressing grammatical meaning and logic relation by word or sentence. As Liu Biqing pointed out in the new Chinese English comparison and translation, the Chinese emphasis on the concept . The hypotaxis method

25、 of English sentence focus on explicit cohesion, and reflecting the morphological structure of relationship words through conjunctions, prepositional phrases and inflections and other grammatical meaning, the small sentence according to the state information classification. The main sentence express

26、es the main information, and the clause is of free expansion and extension , and nested clauses can also be found in the clause . However Chinese parataxis focus on implicit coherence with even less conjunctions.3 current problems in the translation of English complex sentencesIt is not easy to mast

27、er the skills of translating English into Chinese. This is the reason why we encounter all kinds of difficulties when we translate English into Chinese; The first is the difficulties to understand English. This is the common feeling of learning and using English. Because of the different of history,

28、 culture, customs and habits, English in Britain seems logical, but in Chinese upside-down, for it is intermittent and extremely uncomfortable. Second, it is difficult to express in Chinese. We are often very dizzy in order to find suitable vocabulary equivalence in English Chinese translation. Seem

29、s to be in the mind of a box to open the box, but we do not have. In addition, the English translation of the Han Dynasty to master the requirements of a variety of cultural knowledge is high. Because of the content of the article we have translated, it may involve a very wide range of knowledge and

30、 most of these areas of knowledge are unfamiliar to us. If you do not have the appropriate cultural knowledge, there will inevitably be some errors or mistakes in translation. It is precisely because of the difficulties in translating English into Chinese, so we have to go through the practice of tr

31、anslation. This paper compares and analyzes the characteristics of two different languages in English and Chinese in order to find out the general rules of expression to avoid some errors that we should not make. These expressions are what we call translation techniques.In Chinese, the associative w

32、ords are mainly used as conjunctions, which are used to connect words with words, phrases and phrases or sentences and sentences to express a logical relationship. The Related words can be used to express the logical relations such as juxtaposition, undertaking, turning, cause and effect, selection,

33、 hypothesis, comparison and concession, such as on the one hand. on the other hand. only. only. Etc. There are a lot of Related words, such as if and 如果 in the English Chinese complex sentences, and the relationship between the clauses is the same in the translation . In general, when the semantic r

34、elationship in Chinese sentences is obvious, related words can be omitted in English complex sentence. Take the saying where there is a will, there is a way (where there is a will, there is a) as an example, where there is a will is the sentence adverbial, and Where has indicated the location functi

35、on in the adverbial clause, indicating a certain place. But in the conversion into Chinese, according to the original meaning, apply Chinese existing expressions, will handle the relationship between the two sentences in the conditional relation Related words and where is omitted. In addition, in En

36、glish, some of the relevant word usage is very flexible, for example, as. as, can be treated as one side.one side , and also can be used as because solution, table causality, also can be expressed as. When. In the translation of such related words, clauses, we must scrutinize the word meaning and us

37、age, for it does not only need the help of grammar knowledge and recognition of its syntactic function, but also requires a combination of context specific analysis to determine. If it is not handled properly, it will cause ambiguity.In English sentences, some components of sentence (or fixed phrase

38、s) should be put together tightly associated, such as subject and predicate, verb and predicative etc. Sometimes, however, they are far apart from other components, and this phenomenon is known as separation. There are structural components separated, and they mainly are various kinds of phrases and

39、 the structure and the main clause in addition to the main sentence, such as parentheses, appositive clauses etc.The separation structure is just like the node in the tree structure, the more nodes, the more branches, and the more complex the sentence is. In English complex sentences, this phenomeno

40、n is particularly evident. In the complex structure of the separated compound sentence, the relationship between sentence meaning and its various components, on the basis of Chinese expressions, with Chinese word association said equivalence relations, re rational allocation and separate structure h

41、elp through a. In the complex structure of the separated compound sentence, clarifying the relationship between sentence meaning and its various components, and reallocating the separate structure on the basis of Chinese expressions, with Chinese word association said equivalence relations, helps to

42、 understand the meaning of a sentence.4 the translation of Chinese architectural culture4.1 Sequential translationThe sequential translation is to translate the original sentence structure according to the order. In the part of the object clause complex sentences in English, the main verb is realize

43、, show, claim etc. These verbs are heavily dependent on the object clause that. Then, in view of the translation of this sentence pattern, we usually use the translation method.For example: 刘碧青声称，中国强调的重点是新的中英之间对比的概念。 Liu Biqing claimed the Chinese emphasis is on the concept in the new comparison bet

44、ween Chinese and English.4.2 Reverse translationIt is necessary to use the method of translation to require the syntactic or pragmatic similarity of the original sentence. However, due to the great differences between the two ways of thinking and the syntactic and pragmatic functions under the influ

45、ence of the two languages, we can not translate the original text in the actual translation. According to Chinese expressions, we need to reverse the order of the original sentence structure.For example: 中国古建筑木构架不但作为承重结构，而且这种结构用于很多房屋的建造。木梁柱体系在春秋战国时期左右得到了广泛的应用。The ancient Chinese timber frame is not

46、only used as a load-bearing structure, but also used in the construction of many houses. The Mu Liang Zhu system was widely used in the spring and autumn period and the Warring States period.The semantic focus of complex sentence in the main part of the back, and the author intends to emphasize that

47、 this part of the contents. At the beginning of translation, the author ignores this point. Sequential translation leads to deviation from the original text. Therefore, when translating, the author applies the reverse order method, and he uses the word not only but also . This can emphasize the posi

48、tive sentence, to make it close to the original style.4.3 Segmentation methodThe methods of English long sentences translation method called open punctuation. In the English compound sentence, the same finger often uses two or more than two nouns or noun structures to be repeated. These nouns or nom

49、inal structures often appear in the form of parenthesis, and are often followed by a clause or a clause. This long sentence usually takes sentence translation. The repetition refers to the second nouns or nominal structures of the same name, and is separated into independent sentences. Combined with the context, we can identify the function of the related words and phrases.For example: O