NBA与CBA主场文化比较.docx

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1、A Comparison between NBA and CBA Home CultureAbstractNBA, the finest basketball culture in the world, provides a good example for the CBA in home culture. This article begins with a discussion of the impact of traditional culture on individual basketball concepts, and gradually discusses the selecti

2、on of home venues and their fans in home culture. Cultural differences such as fans, referees, and athletes have distinct personalities. This article compares the culture of basketball between CBA and the NBA through the example study method and comparative analysis method, and concludes the reasons

3、 for the differences. The thesis summarize the NBAs successful experience and draw lessons from it, find the shortcomings of the CBA, provide some theoretical basis for the future development of the CBA, and seek development strategies for the Chinese professional basketball culture. Then, there are

4、 some suggestions for promoting the improvement of the professional basketball level in our country and the continued health development of sports. Finally, sports culture is only one of the big family of culture. This article starts with the basketball culture and sees the differences between China

5、 and the United States in terms of collectivism and individualism, thus promoting the shaping and formation of our countrys sports culture, realizing the change of sports concepts, and constantly improving the level of national sports.Key words: Home Culture; NBA; CBA; Home Court Advantages; Individ

6、ualism VS CollectivismNBA作为世界篮球文化的精品，在主场文化的构建上，为CBA提供了良好的榜样，本文从传统文化对各自篮球观念的影响开始探讨，逐步论述了二者主场文化中诸如：主场所在地的选取、球迷文化、裁判员文化以及球员文化等较有鲜明个性的文化差异。本文通过实例研究的方法和比较分析的方法对CBA与NBA篮球文化进行比较，并总结出差异的原因。本文总结了NBA的成功经验并借鉴，找到了CBA的缺陷，为CBA的未来发展提供了理论依据，并寻求中国职业篮球文化发展战略。接着，对促进我国职业篮球水平的提高和体育运动的持续健康发展提出了一些建议。最后，体育文化只是文化大家族之一。本文从篮球

7、文化入手，从集体主义和个人主义角度分析中美之间的文化差异，从而推动我国体育文化的塑造和形成，实现体育观念的转变，不断提高国家的体育水平。关键词：主场文化；NBA; CBA；主场优势；个体主义与集体主义Chapter I Introduction1.1 Background of the studyWith the development of economic globalization, China has integrated into the world soundly in every aspect in these decades and has played an increasi

8、ngly important role in the world. During the process, more and more people are concerning about the differences of social values and customs. Culture exchanges is an unavoidable aspect for a country to open itself up, so we need to make sure that we can deal with it effectively and correctly during

9、the process.As an old Chinese idiomatic expression: right time, right place and favorable human conditions. Those three words contribute success to a large extend. When they won in a battle, ancient Chinese people would attribute this to those reasons. It also applies to sports fields, such as the f

10、ootball, basketball and so on. In my view, the three factors are best illustrated in basketball matches. As a necessary component of basketball games, an arena and a group of audiences are acquired, which, do a lot to help teams to win. Many scholars have studied the home advantages in sports, they

11、outlined some reasons why host teams have more chances to win over visiting teams. Yet to explore its root, this is a cultural phenomenon, which leads to a strong mental incentive for the home players to compete. However, owing to different cultures consciousness, players will act differently from e

12、ach other. There is a good example to explain this phenomenon, that is, the comparison of NBA and CBA, which, under the influence of different cultures but the same sport. Then I want to know whats the differences of home culture and why. I will learn from previous studies and conduct research in th

13、is direction to explore home culture in basketball arena.1.2 Significance of the studyAs we all know, cultural phenomena are everywhere, and sports culture is a part of them. Through the analysis and research of this article, we can clearly recognize the differences of home culture and recognize the

14、 impact of the differences on sports. By contrast, under the proof of specific examples and data, we can clearly see the gap between Chinas CBA and the United States NBA and the development direction of our countrys sports. This article starts with the basketball home culture, and analyzes the home

15、culture of the two basketball institutions under the guidance of research theories, so as to show the readers the differences and provide audiences and athletes with some feasible suggestions so that they can understand games and sports better. Different home cultures enhance the athletes competitiv

16、e ability and improve the countrys overall sports competition level. To understand sports cultural differences in the case of basketball, we can gain more insights and have a deeper understanding of different culture.1.3 Outline of the thesisThis thesis is composed of five chapters.Chapter 1 makes a

17、 general introduction to the background and aims of the study as well as the outline of the study. Chapter 2 provides a brief review of the previous work in relevant field, including a brief introduction of contributions made by numerous researchers to interpreting study, the study of Hofstedes cult

18、ural dimensions theory and the study of the differences of home culture. Chapter 3 introduces the research design of the study, including theoretical frameworkHofstedes cultural dimensions theory, data collection, research method and research steps. Chapter 4 devotes to elaborate the aspects and rea

19、son of the differences of home culture from Hofstedes cultural dimensions theory. Chapter 5 concludes the study with a discussion on major findings, limitations of this thesis and some suggestions for the further study.Chapter II Literature Review2.1 The studies of the concept of HomeAs we all known

20、, each sport is played at a certain arena or stadium where audiences get together and cheer up for their preferred teams. In sports,such a place is called home. Homeis the place andvenueidentified with ateam sport. Most professional teams are named for, and marketed to, particular metropolitan areas

21、. When they play in that venue, they are said to be the home team; when the team plays elsewhere, they are theaway,visiting. Home consists of many components, such as the audiences, the players, the advertisements, the DJs, the facilities and so on. The home plays a very important role in game-compe

22、tition, which to some extent, can decide the win or lose of the games. Therefore, home in sports become an increasingly theme for scholars to explore why it has such a magic power. Both Chinese and foreign researchers in sports field are eager to make it clear that how the home helps the home team t

23、o win the games. According to Zhou X, You X and Lan K(2006), subjective factors such as host-guest match system, athletes psychological status, technical and tactical level, as well as objective factors such as the environment, the audience and the referee, all those will all have an important influ

24、ence on the outcome of the competition. They illustrate the phenomenon by using an example, that is, during the Beijing Olympic Games, the Chinese National Basketball team had overcame difficulties and won the 8th place in the finals. We could not deny that the basketball players like Yao Ming, Sun

25、Yue, they played their best to win the games, but another important factor is that they played games in Beijing, the crazy audiences, the strong pressure, and the players eagerness to let the Chinese people know that they could be proud of them pushed the team to fight, to defense, and to win. As CB

26、A develops, those teams of CBA learn to mix up more and more elements into their home arenas. Liu. Z, Zhao. F and Yang. H(2007) said that one of the most important factors is the location of the home. “Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other rich cities tend to be the home of basketball teams in that

27、 they have more money and more audiences”, they said, “these two are the main reasons in deciding where to establish a team in China, because they need to make a profit by seizing more market shares.” whats more, the Sponsors and advertisers are also a vital factor in the process. When talking about

28、 home, we will extend to the home advantage. Home advantage describes the benefit that thehome teamis said to gain over thevisiting team. Liu. K, Li. Z and Wang. X(2002) describe home advantage is definitely exist, which, in the host-guest match system, the host team has more than 50% chances to win

29、 the game. This benefit has been attributed to psychological effects supporting fans have on the competitors or referees; to psychological or physiological advantages of playing near home in familiar situations; to the disadvantages away teams suffer from changing time zones or climates, or from the

30、 rigors of travel; and, in some sports, to specific rules that favor the home team directly or indirectly. In most team sports, the home or hosting team is considered to have a significant advantage over the visitors. Due to this, many important games (such as playoff or knockout matches) in many sp

31、orts have special rules for determining where to play the match.The term is also widely used in best-ofplayoff formats(e.g., best-of-seven of the NBA playoffs) as being given to the team that is scheduled to play one more game at home than their opponent if all necessary games are played, which cont

32、ributes a lot for the home team to win the series. Home in sports is a venue where the host team has more opportunity to win the game in that there are many beneficial factors to host team. Therefore, home advantage is a common term in sports and yields many great outcomes.2.2 The studies of Home Cu

33、ltureCulture is a very broad concept, even narrows the scope down to the home culture of sports, it still contains many factors and phenomena. Generally speaking, the home culture is determined by the location of the home arena, in assisting with players, fans, game activities, and a series of promo

34、tional efforts. To a great extent, the home culture is the citys culture. Yao. X(2016) illustrates it with an Wonderful case. Detroit is the United States automobile city, known as an industrial city, so blue-collar workers naturally become an important part of Detroit. As we see the players of the

35、Detroit Pistons are work hard just like the workers. This team is famous for its struggling spirits and passion, fierce physical confrontation and defense, and it made great achievements. However, the U.S. auto industry has been declining In recent years, the city of Detroit declared bankruptcy and

36、about 20% of workers lost their jobs. While the home of Detroit Pistons has become a gathering place for workers to vent their emotions, where full of abusive and insulting gestures. Worsen then, the infamous Auburn Hills Palace event happened there. As many famous companies sponsor sports teams, so

37、 we can see many company names in their home court. The advertisement is an important factor to the building of the home culture. According to Liu. Z, Zhao. F and Yang. H(2007), the names of CBA teams are largely depended on their sponsors, for example, BeijingDucksBasketball Club, which is sponsore

38、d by ShouGang Group, is controlled by the Group. While for NBA teams, they belong to individual owners or entrepreneurs, so the owners have right to allow any sponsors to support them and make profits in this process. Also, it is the first year that Nike has taken over the right to provide the jerse

39、ys and training clothes for players, and the first year for NBA teams to add one trademark on their new Nike jerseys, so we can see that both NBA and CBA are a commercialization organization. Advertisements and sponsorship are necessary for the teams and the owners. When refers to home culture, ther

40、e is one point that we cannot overlook, which is the audiences or the fans. Sun Fei(2009) made a research and he pointed out that the audience factor is vital in home culture, which, the presence of spectators in any sports events has a huge impact on athletes. If the team is fall behind, the home s

41、pectators would cheer on the players, using body language and gestures to motivate the players, whereas if the team leads a big score, the fans will feel as ease and will not put any pressure on the players. If the two teams are equally matched at the last minutes, then the audiences would make some

42、 bad noise on the visiting team, especially when the counterpart players have got the chance to foul shot. So the audiences achieve the goal of influencing the visiting team and helping the home team to win the games. All in all, home culture is a wide concept that consist of many elements and cultu

43、ral facts, which can be mixed up to contribute to the winning of games.2.3 Studies of comparison of the Culture between NBA and CBAAt the very beginning, we have to recognize that NBA has set up a good example for CBA to follow in almost every aspects. TheNational Basketball Association(NBA) is a me

44、nsprofessional basketballleagueinNorth America,which was founded inNew York Cityon June 6,1946; It is widely considered to be the premier mens professional basketball league in the world. On the other hand, TheChinese Basketball Association, often abbreviated as CBA, it is the first-tier professiona

45、l mens basketball league in China. It is widely regarded as the pre-eminent professional mens basketball league in Asia. Jing Y. F and Yang H. C(2007) pointed out that the basic difference between NBA and CBA home culture lies in the different traditional cultures. China is a civilization with more

46、than 5000 years history and boosts many philosophies of harmony, which is totally different from the American culture featuring individualism, creative and eagerness to express themselves. For example, Yao Ming is the most successful Chinese player playing in NBA, while when the Chinese Basketball T

47、eam needs him, if there is no any other reasons, Yao will come back to the Team. Thats is the appealing power of collectivism and Chinese people even Asia nations under the influence of Confucius thoughts will admit the absolute principle. The second one, is about the difference in the management sy

48、stems, which is institutional origin of the comparison. Cai Wei(2014) described the different arrangement. As we talked above, we know that NBA teams are owned by individuals, on the contrary, CBA teams is controlled by the government, and then the sponsors. Therefore, CBA should serve the governmen

49、t and then the enjoyment of people, but for NBA, it is a place that everyone can achieve his basketball dream if you work hard and think big. That is to say, NBA has a free culture for players to express their ideas as well as the promotion of culture. At the same time, the training mechanisms of NBA and CBA are also different, which, NBA has a perfected system of selecting players from middle school to high school on the basis of competence, and the players are endowed both knowledge and basketbal