一带一路”的成就、挑战及前景研究(英文版）.docx

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1、分 类 号：学校代码：11106学 号：201516210112本 科 生 学 士 学 位 论 文“一带一路”的成就、挑战及前景研究Study on the Achievement ,Challenge and Prospects of the Belt and Road Initiative所在院（系）： 航运经贸学院专 业： 商务英语（国际商务）学 生： 李小梅指 导 老 师： 李宪徐研究起止日期：2018年10月至2019年5月二一九年五月Study on the Achievement ,Challenge and Prospects of the Belt and Road Init

2、iativebyLi XiaomeiA ThesisSubmitted to School of Foreign Languages ofGuangzhou Maritime Universityin Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree ofBachelor of ArtsSupervised byProfessor Li XianxuMay, 2019Abstract Since the Belt and Road Initiative was put forward in 2013, although it has been

3、 controversial in the international arena, after nearly five years of practice, the construction achievements have been obvious to all. Countries around the world have a basic understanding of the connotation of the Belt and Road Initiative. The Belt and Road Initiative is not an entity and mechanis

4、m, but the concept and initiative of cooperative development, aimed at promoting the orderly and free flow of economic factors, efficient allocation of resources and deep market integration, to promote economic policy coordination among countries along the route, to carry out a larger scope, Deeper

5、regional cooperation to create an open, inclusive, balanced and inclusive framework for regional economic cooperation. However, the Belt and Road Initiative involves a large number of countries, a wide geographical area, a large population, a variety of cultural types, coupled with the current inter

6、national situation is complex. And different countries on the Belt and Road Initiative level of understanding differences. Therefore, the Belt and Road Initiative construction is realistically facing a variety of risks, including political risks, economic Cultural risks, ethnic racial risks, geograp

7、hical risks and project risks. However, due to the Belt and Road Initiative has a good social foundation, a solid material base, a strong capacity base, and so on, it must have a bright future.Key words: The Belt and Road; connotation; achievement; risk; opportunity; foreground摘要自2013年提出“一带一路”倡议后，虽然

8、在国际上备受争议，但经过近五年的实践，取得的建设成就有目共睹。世界各国对“一带一路”的内涵有了基本的认识，“一带一路”不是一个实体和机制，而是合作发展的理念和倡议，旨在促进经济要素有序自由地流动，资源高效配置和市场深度融合，推动沿线各国实现经济政策协调，开展更大范围，更高水平，更深层次的区域合作，共同打造开放，包容，均衡，普惠的区域经济合作架构。不过，“一带一路”毕竟涉及国家多、地域广、人口多、文化类型多样，加之当前国际形势复杂，以及不同国家对“一带一路”的认识水平有差异，因此，“一带一路”建设现实地面临着各种各样的风险，包括政治风险、经济风险、文化风险、地缘风险等。然而，“一带一路”倡议有良

9、好的社会基础、坚实的物质基础、强大的能力基础等，因此，它一定拥有一个美好的前景。关键词：一带一路；内涵；成就；风险；机遇；前景 CONTENTS1.Historical inheritance and development of Belt and Road11.1The expansion of basic connotation11.2 The significance of constructing Belt and Road21.2.1 Achieving global Rebalancing21.2.2 Shaping the comparative advantage of glo

10、balization strategy22. The achievement of Belt and Road32.1 The historical achievements of the ancient Silk Road32.2 The construction achievement of Belt and Road32.2.1 Accelerating the advancement of infrastructure connectivity32.2.2 Significant results in trade cooperation and financing42.2.3 The

11、hearts and minds of the common spirit have steadily advanced43.Risks to the Belt and Road53.1Geopolitecal risk53.1.1 Geopolitical instability in the Middle East and Central Asia63.1.2 Potential threats to the Belt and Road construction63.2 Investment risk73.2.1 The risk of large amounts of capital e

12、xporting to the outside world73.2.2 The risk of capital going Out73.3 Economic risk83.3.1 Cooperation risks of different economic types83.3.2 Economic project risk84. The future prospect of Belt and Road94.1 Bright prospect of Belt and Road construction94.2 Proposal to promote the Belt and Road: str

13、engthening youth programmes94.2.1Developing young leaders94.2.2 Influencing young people in the way of young people10Conclusion10Bibliography:11Acknowledgements12 Study on the Achievement ,Challenge and Prospects of the Belt and Road InitiativeDuring his visit to Kazakhstan in September 2013, Chines

14、e President Xi Jinping first proposed a strategic vision for the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt. For more than five years, the Belt and Road Initiative has received wide attention and active participation from countries along the route. This shows that the Belt and Road is not a strateg

15、y to challenge the Western developed countries, but an open economic development initiative that is in the interests of all countries in the world. Belt and Road in achieving substantial achievements at the same time, but also exposed a lot of practical problems. Nevertheless, under the general tren

16、d of peace, cooperation, development and win-win world, it is the consensus of the countries along the route to promote the construction of Belt and Road. Therefore, despite the many risks and challenges, new problems continue to appear, but the One Belt, One Road future prospects are still good.1.H

17、istorical inheritance and development of Belt and Road1.1The expansion of basic connotationThe ancient Silk Road is not only the path of silk trading, it covers silk, tea, porcelain, spices and other transactions, is the more than 2000 years of East-west trade and cultural exchanges collectively. At

18、 that time, silk was not the main driving force of East-west trade, just because silk is a specialty of China, so in this name. Belt and Road is the abbreviation of Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st century Maritime Silk Road, the ancient land and sea Silk Road to achieve the intersection today, this

19、 is no longer just the Silk Road, because silk can not represent Chinas productivity and technology, China is not only a thick country. However, the One Belt, One Road inherits the historical spirit of opening and accommodating the ancient Silk Road, so the historical code of the Silk Road has also

20、been continued to be used. In addition, the Silk Road Economic Belt in the context of the era of globalization, has been given a new mission, so to achieve innovative development on the basis of inheritance, and the concept of economic belt is the innovation of regional economic cooperation model, a

21、imed at linking the EU and the Asia-Pacific region, and ultimately the formation of economic radiation zone, thus creating new opportunities. 21st century Sea wire thick Road emphasizes 21st century, China does not pursue the alliance policy, so put forward the new concept of maritime cooperation in

22、 the 21st century, indicating that China will neither follow the old path of maritime expansion, conflict and colonization of Western powers, nor take the wrong way of maritime hegemony confrontation, but create a harmonious symbiosis, The road to a new type of marine civilization for sustainable de

23、velopment.1.2 The significance of constructing Belt and Road1.2.1 Achieving global RebalancingTraditional globalization is born from the sea, leading to a series of negative effects, land development depends on the development of the sea, the east lags behind the west, the countryside lags behind th

24、e city. The developed maritime transport has led to the development of coastal areas first, while landlocked countries and regions have developed slowly, thus creating a gap between rich and poor. Belt and Road to promote the concept of inclusive development of globalization, to encourage the develo

25、pment of the western region and landlocked countries, such as Central Asia, Mongolia, etc., to open up land globalization. Belt and Road is Chinas initiative to promote Chinas high-quality production capacity and comparative advantage of the industry to Chinas capital, technology in exchange for the

26、 Eurasian market. This will help to solve the problems of the gap between rich and poor and regional development caused by traditional globalization, and the balanced development of all countries to create a harmonious world of common prosperity.1.2.2 Shaping the comparative advantage of globalizati

27、on strategyIn recent years, Chinas relations with the world have changed. It used to be China to keep up with the pace of globalization, with Chinas comprehensive strength continues to improve, in the international has more voice, now China to begin to create new standards for globalization, assume

28、the responsibility of a large country, which is the basic background of building the Belt and Road. The establishment of various regional cooperation has changed the international rules and order of the past, so China should create new international rules. As can be seen from the Trans-Pacific Strat

29、egic Economic Partnership Agreement (TPP) and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership Agreement (TTIP) pursued by the United States, its attempts to exclude China are evident. Moreover, it has proved that Chinas Made in model is unsustainable and that the technology of developed countries

30、 cannot be exchanged for opening up markets. Now our country in some areas of technology has been in a leading position, and foreign exchange reserves are abundant, we have both technology and capital, we need a larger market to turn technology and capital into the advantages of Chinese standards, t

31、o achieve the Made in China to Chinese standards transformation. One Belt, One Road is the key to Chinas global industrial chain from the low end, the mid-to-high-end forward. Belt and Road is a larger, more practical and more inclusive strategy, in accordance with the strategic layout of globalizat

32、ion, Eurasian integration, to create a community of interests and a community of responsibility in China and neighboring countries. China is no longer a stakeholder who needs a WTO ride-by-car, but a leader in globalisation, putting Asia and Africa on Chinas Fast Train.2. The achievement of Belt and

33、 Road2.1 The historical achievements of the ancient Silk RoadDespite the changing history of the Silk Road, it has been enduring and has made great contributions to cultural exchanges and trade between China and the west. First of all, the Silk Road business trade is showing a prosperous state. In c

34、ommercial activities, a wide variety of goods are traded, which greatly advances the material prosperity of China and the West in the course of trade, and promotes the flow of wealth, people and resources. Frequent trade and commerce have led to cultural exchanges, people understand each other and r

35、espect different national cultures, so that the possibility of war conflicts between ethnic groups is reduced and the stability between ethnic groups is promoted. In addition, the national cultures of the Silk Road blend with each other and realize the progress of the nation in cultural exchanges. F

36、inally, the Silk Road is a combination of economic and trade road and cultural road, all kinds of civilizations converge here, with its open and inclusive spirit, to develop the diversity of the world culture. In addition, some denominations have been introduced successively, which is of great signi

37、ficance to the people to enhance their spiritual realm and maintain social stability.2.2 The construction achievement of Belt and RoadFor more than five years, the Belt and Road Initiative has received wide attention and active participation from countries along the route. This shows that this great

38、 initiative is not only in line with Chinas development trend, but also in line with the interests of countries along the route. It is also because of this, since the proposed, Belt and Road has achieved substantial results, of course, also exposed a lot of problems.2.2.1 Accelerating the advancemen

39、t of infrastructure connectivityInfrastructure connectivity is the primary goal in the Belt and Road construction. After the initiative, China has actively promoted cooperation with relevant countries in infrastructure construction, and has made efforts to lay a good foundation for the smooth flow o

40、f trade and financing. As of June 2017, the number of AIIB members had increased to 80, providing 727 million of dollars in loans to 9 infrastructure projects in 7 Asian developing countries. In addition, Chinas high-speed rail has made a huge contribution to the One Belt, One Road facility Unicom,

41、and in July 2014, the first high-speed rail project in Europe, Iankau, was completed and opened to traffic, from Ankara, Turkey, to Istanbul. In April 2015, China and Pakistan signed a framework agreement for a joint feasibility study on the upgrading of the main railway line 1th, which is 1726 km l

42、ong, from Karachi to north via Lahore, Islamabad to Pak Sha WA, connecting the Kashgar Railway to the south to the port of Gwadar. Goods imported from China to the Middle East, Europe or Africa can be shipped to Xinjiang through the above railways and then transported to coastal areas. In August 201

43、5, China and Thailand reached an agreement on the construction of the Sino-Thai Railway, from Kunming, Yunnan, to Bangkok, Thailand, in May 2016, the first standard rail railway in Thailand. The opening ceremony of the Sino-old railway, which connects Kunming, Yunnan, and Vientiane, the capital of L

44、aos, was also held in December 2015 and is expected to be completed in 2020, with railways at both ends being part of the Trans-Asian Railway. Thus, the Belt and Road construction in China and the countries along the route of high-speed rail cooperation has been very deep. In the 2016, China, Belaru

45、s, Kazakhstan, Germany, Mongolia, Poland, Russia and other seven railway departments formally signed the agreement on deepening China-EU cooperation, which not only guarantees the opening of the central European class, but also further deepens the economic and trade cooperation between China and the

46、 above-mentioned countries, and boosts the construction of the Belt and Road.2.2.2 Significant results in trade cooperation and financingAfter the Belt and Road initiative was put forward, China is committed to building free trade zones with relevant countries, so as to promote the implementation of

47、 the Belt and Road. At present, China has built 15 free trade zones with 28 countries and regions on five continents, and nine of the 10 FTAs signed have already begun to be implemented. Cooperation countries and regions include ASEAN, Pakistan, Singapore, Chile, New Zealand and so on. According to

48、the Ministry of Commerce, Chinese enterprises have built more than 50 overseas economic and trade cooperation zones in countries along the route, with a cumulative investment of more than $18 billion, creating more than 1 billion dollars in taxes and more than 160,000 jobs for the host country. Financial cooperation is an important part of international cooperation and an important task in the construction of One Belt, One Road. Founded in 2014 with an initial capital of $10 billion, th