虚拟语气幻灯片.ppt

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1、虚拟语气第1页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二虚拟语气虚拟语气the Subjunctive Mood(I)GRAMMER 语法语法第2页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二(The Subjunctive Mood)表示说话人所说的话表示说话人所说的话不是事实不是事实,而是一种而是一种假设假设,愿望愿望,怀疑怀疑,建议建议或或推推测测。虚拟语气主要用于。虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句条件状语从句,也可也可用于名词性从句等。用于名词性从句等。第3页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二What would you do if you won the lottery(彩票彩票)?If I w

2、on the lottery,I would第4页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二If I won the lottery,I would buy an expensive car.第5页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二If I had a lot of money,I might buy a villa(别墅别墅).第6页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二If I were a millionaire,I would travel around the world.第7页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二If I won the lottery,I would buy an ex

3、pensive car.If I had a lot of money,I might buy a villa(别墅别墅).If I were a millionaire,I would travel around the world.第8页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二条件从句If 从句主句的谓语形式现在过去时过去时/(were)would/could/should/might+v.(原原)一一.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。第9页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二a.If they _(be)here,they _(take)your advice

4、.b.If the world-war _(burst)out again,what _(happen)to our people on earth?werewould takeburstwould happenFill in the blanks.第10页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二If he had driven more carefully,the accident wouldnt have happened yesterday.第11页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二If he had driven more carefully,the accident wouldnt h

5、ave happened yesterday.If the rules of perspective had not been discovered,no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.第12页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二条件从句 If 从句 主句的谓语形式过去过去完成时过去完成时had donehad donewould/could/should/might+have done第13页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二a.If Tom _(be)more careful in the exam,h

6、e _(pass)it already.b.If I _(meet)you yesterday,we _(go)to the concert together.had beenwould have passed Fill in the blanks.had metwould have gone第14页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二If it should snow tomorrow,we would take photos.If it were to snow tomorrow,we would take photos.If it snowed tomorrow,we would tak

7、e photos.第15页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二条件从句If 从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式未来1.should+v.2.were to do3.过去时过去时 would/could/should/might+v.(原原)第16页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二假如他来了假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？我们对他说什么呢？If he were to come,what should we say to him?假如他看见我假如他看见我,就会认识我。就会认识我。If he should see me,he would know me.第17页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二注意：

8、省略注意：省略if倒装：倒装：Were I you,I would try it again.Had he been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.Should it snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.If I were you,I would try it again.If he had been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.If it should snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.若虚拟条件句中有若虚拟条件句中有

9、 were,had,should 时，可省略时，可省略 if 而将而将 were,had,should 移到句首。移到句首。第18页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法时态时态If 从句的形式主句的形式现在过去未来did/werewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+have done1.should do2.were to do3.过去时would/could/should/might+V.(原)had done第19页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二 含蓄的虚拟语气含蓄的虚拟语气有

10、时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是通过一个介词来表示或通过上下文或其他方式表示 如“but for”，“without”“supposing”“otherwise”等表示含蓄的虚拟：Without the new paints and new technique,we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces.Without the Impressionists,many of these painting styles might not exist.第20页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二1.I am not fre

11、e today.If I _free today,I _ and visit some of my friends.A.am will go B.were,would go C.shall be D.be,must go2.If there were no subjunctive mood,English _much easier.A.will be B.would have been C.could have been D.would be小试身手：小试身手：第21页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二3.If you _tomorrow,you _find the new manager

12、working in the office.A.should come;would B.would come;wouldC.will come;should D.comes;might4.I didnt see your sister at the meeting.If she _,she would have met my brother.A.has come B.did come C.came D.had come第22页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二5._it rain tomorrow,we should have to put off the visit to the Scie

13、nce Museum.A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will6.Without liberation(解放解放)we _ a new life.A.would not begin B.would not have been begunC.had not begun D.would not have begun第23页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二7.But for the help of my teacher,I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A.would not win B.would

14、not have wonC.would win D.would have won第24页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二Wish 在动词在动词wish后的宾语从句中后的宾语从句中,表示与现在表示与现在或过去的事实相反或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望或对将来的主观愿望,常用虚拟语气常用虚拟语气.1)表示对表示对现在情况的虚拟现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用从句动词用过过去式去式(be动词一般用动词一般用were)。第25页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二I wishI were as tall as you.第26页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二I wish every day we

15、re my birthday.第27页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二I wish I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.(2)表示对表示对过去情况过去情况的虚拟的虚拟:从句动词常从句动词常用用“had过去分词过去分词”。第28页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二(3)表示对将来的主观愿望表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形式从句动词形式为为“would/could/might动词原形动词原形”。I wish he could go with us tomorrow.We wish our parents _(not punish)us.wouldnt punis

16、h第29页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二1.How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden.A.has B.hadC.will have D.had had 2.How I wish I _to repair the watch!I only made it worse.A.had tried B.hadnt triedC.have tried D.didnt try第30页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二as if/as though由由as if(as though)引导的状语从句表示方式时引导的状语从

17、句表示方式时,从句从句谓语形式为动词谓语形式为动词的过去式的过去式(be用用were)或或“had过去分词过去分词”。他那样对待我他那样对待我,好像我是陌生人似的。好像我是陌生人似的。He treats me as if I were a stranger.第31页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二She talks about Rome as if she had been there herself.第32页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二2.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。常见动词：一个坚持：insist两个命令命令：order,command 三个

18、建议建议：advise,suggest,propose四个要求要求：demand,require,request,desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词气。即从句中的动词 使用使用should+动词原动词原形，形，should可以省略可以省略.第33页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二1.我们建议我们建议Tom 去休息一下。去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我们立即出发。他坚决要求我们立即出发。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。1.We suggested that Tom(should)have a rest.

19、2.He insisted that we(should)set out at once.3.The king ordered that the prisoners(should)be killed the next day.第34页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括句包括主语从句主语从句，表语从句表语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。即：样。即：(should)V.order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,req

20、uest,desire第35页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二Its suggested that the plan(should)be carried out.My demand is that she(should)come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory(should)be closed down.(主语从句主语从句)(表语从句表语从句)(同位语从句同位语从句)_第36页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二It is important/necessary/ess

21、ential/vital/strange that(should)It is strange that _.he should miss such a golden opportunity 第37页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二Libya第38页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二Discussion:If I were the president of Libya,I wouldIf I were a solider in Libya,I wouldIf I were a child in Libya,I wouldI wish I could go to school.my parents were with me.there were no war in the world.第39页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二Homework 1.Review 2.Finish the exercises on Page 第40页，共40页，编辑于2022年，星期二