中考英语语法专题 数词 课件.pptx

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1、中考数词,数词目录,1. 基数词2. 序数词3. 数词的特殊用法,定义：表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫做数词。数词有两种：表示数目多少的数词叫做基数词，如：one，two，three.，ninetyfour等；表示顺序先后的数词叫做序数词，如：first，second，third.，fifteenth等。,1. 我家有五口人。There are _ people in my family. 2. 我们住在一座高楼的第六层。We live on the _ floor in a tall building.3. 明天将会有十场足球比赛。There will be _ football game t

2、omorrow.4. 明天第八场比赛将会很激烈。The _ game tomorrow will be exciting.,five,sixth,ten,eighth,基数词(一)基数词的表示方法1基数词112是独立的词。1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve,(2)1319都以teen结尾，都是双重音：13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nin

3、eteen,2基数词2090整十位数都是以ty结尾,20 twenty / twentI/ 30 thirty / tI/40 forty / ftI/ 50 fifty / fIftI/60 sixty / sIkstI/ 70 seventy / sevntI/80 eighty / eItI/ 90 ninety / naIntI/,注：1319的teen/tin/都是重读音，而2090 的ty/ti/都是非重读音节；/tin/为长音， 而/ti/为短音。,3基数词2199都是由“几十”和“几”合起来构成，词中间加连字符(但音标里不加连字符)，并分别重读。21 twentyone 45

4、fortyfive 23 twentythree 56 fiftysix 34 thirtyfour 67 sixtyseven,4基数词101999，先说“几百”，再加“and”，再加末两位数。How many days are there in a year? 一年有多少天？_. 三百六十五天.,Three hundred and sixty five,51,000以上的数，先从后向前数，每三位加“，”，第一个“，”前为thousand，第二个“，”前为million，第三个“，”前为billion.1,234one thousand, two hundred and thirty- fo

5、ur1,234,567one million, two hundred and twenty- four thousand, five hundred and sixty-seven,6百(hundred)，千(thousand)，百万(million)等词与介词of连用时，须用复数形式，表示不确定数目，其前不可与数字连用。How many people went to Beijing for the Olympic Games in 2008?有多少人去北京看2008年奥运会？_，I think. 上百万，我认为。,Millions of,7表示“整十数”的数词的复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或

6、年代。结构：in ones 整十数复数 (在某人几十岁)in the nineties 在九十年代 Tom在二十多岁的时候结婚了。Tom got married in _ twenties.,his,8. 在表示“几十年代”时，可以用基数词的复数形式，也可用阿拉伯数字加“s”或“s”。,1). 在20世纪70年代，图画故事的卡通片是很受欢迎的。 _, picturestory cartoons were very popular.2). 中国近现代史始于19世纪40年代。Chinese Modern History bigan _.,In the 1970s(1970s),from the 1

7、840s(1840s),9基数词可与其他词构成合成形容词，常用来表示年龄，长度(距离)，质量等。,结构：基数词-单位名词-形容词一头5吨重的大象一个8岁的女孩子一段5000米的路程,a five-ton-heavy elephantan eight-year-old girla 5000-meter-long way,表示顺序的数词称为序数词。,序数词特点：1. 序数词一般词尾加th构成；2. 多个单词时，仅最后一个变为序数词；3. 序数词前一般需加“the”。,1.“基数词”变“序数词”的口诀一、二、三特殊记，结尾要用t,d,d;八去t，九去e，ve要用f替，整十数变序数，先把y变为ie，然

8、后再加th，若想表示几十几，只变个位就可以。,一、二、三特殊记，结尾要用t,d,d;one-first; two-second; three-third八去t，九去e， eight-eighth; nine-ninth ve要用f替， five-fifth; twelve-twelfth,整十数变序数，先把y变为ie，然后再加th，20 twenty- twentieth 30 thirty- thirtieth 40 forty- fortieth 50 fifty- fiftieth若想表示几十几，只变个位就可以。62 sixty-two - sixty-second 74 seventy

9、-four - seventy-fourth86 eighty-six - eighty-sixth,序数词用法,序数词相当于形容词，所以序数词在句中常作表语，定语等句子成分。1. We have English classes in the _(two) classroom.2. You can get off at the _ (five)stop.3. Tom is the _ (one) in his class.,second,fifth,first,数词的注意事项：,注1. 表顺序是，基数词和序数词可以互换。一号教室：classroom one 第五页：page five 第六单元

10、：unit six,= the first classroom,= the fifth page,= the sixth unit,注2. 分数的表达与读法。,结构：分子(基数词)-分母(序数词)1/3 2/3 1/2 1/4 3/4,one-third,two-thirds,one-second,one-fourth = a/one quarter,three-fourths = three quarters,a/one half,1. _ (1/3) of the students _(be)absent from the class.2. _ (4/5) of the apple _ (

11、be) eaten.3. _(3/4) of the milk _(be) spoiled.分数作主语，谓语动词的单复数由of后的名词决定。,One-third,are,Four-fifths,is,Three-quarters,is,注3百分数的读法：先读基数词，再读百分号“%”(读作percent)。5% 读作 five percent0. 5% 读作 _200% 读作 _Only _ (50%)of the students _(be) here.,zero point five percent,two hundred percent,fifty percent,are,注4. 时间的表

12、达1) 时分的表达6:12 6:306:456:50,six twelve,=twelve past six,=half past six,six thirty,=fifteen to seven,six forty-five,= ten to seven,six fifty,2) 日期的表达5月6日写作：May sixth(6th)/May 6读作：May the sixth 或 the sixth of May2020年5月6日写作：May sixth, 2020读作：May the sixth two thousand and twenty或 the sixth of May twent

13、y twenty,3)表示公元(后)在年份前或后加AD皆可，公元前一律在年份后加BC。从公元前200年到公元(后)500年from 200 BC to 500 AD/AD 500,注5. 一般序数词前都加the，但出现以下两种情况不加the。1) 序数词前有形物代或名词所有格修饰时，不加the。他是我的第一位英语老师。He is my first English teacher.Tom是Lily的第二个男朋友。Tom is Lilys second boyfriend.,2) 表达时期是序数词前不加the，但要读出来。10月5日 写作：October 5th读作：October the fif

14、th the fifth of October,特别注意：当序数词表示 “又一，再一” 时，序数词前加不定冠词 “a/an”.,1. 请再给我一次机会。Please give me a second chance.2. Tom的妻子又生了一个孩子。Toms wife had a third child.,1.(甘肃省天水市)_ students in our class _ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week.A. Two fifths; is B. Second fifths; areC. Second fifths; is D. Tw

15、o fifths; are2.(四川省广元市)On my _ birthday, I got a new schoolbag as a gift from my parents.A. nine B. ninth C. the ninth,D,B,3. (江西上饶)We are preparing programs to celebrate our countrys _ birthday.A. seventyB. seventiethC. seventeenth4.(广西省河池市)Please pass me _ book on the right.A. four B. fourth C. th

16、e four D. the fourth,B,D,5. (江苏淮安) Every year, _ books are donated to the children in poor areas. A. million B. millions C. millions of D. million of 6. (贵州贵阳)Karl Marx, a great thinker and politician, was born in Germany _ ago.A. the two hundredth year B. two hundred-year C. two hundred years,C,C,7

17、. (新疆乌鲁木齐)_people prefer HUAWEI phones, and about_of them are adults.A. The number of; four-fifthsB. A number of; four-fifthC. A number of; four-fifthsD. The number of; four-five,C,8.(湖南邵阳) My daughter is _ years old. Today is her _ birthday. A. nine; ninethB. nine; ninthC. ninth; nine,B,9. (甘肃武威)The number “23, 456” can be read as “_”.A. twenty-three thousand, four hundred and fifty-sixB. twenty-three thousand and four hundred fifty-sixC. two three thousand and four five sixD. two three thousand. four and five six_,A,