2021_2022学年新教材高中英语Unit5Revealingnature单元素养提升含解析外研版选择性必修第一册202106082164.doc

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1、单元素养提升单元素养提升(五五)UnitUnit 5 5.根据语境写出黑体单词的含义1.She is ranked the fifth in the world and is the top seedseed in this competition.(种子选手种子选手)2.Ive been a bit distantdistant lately and she can feel it.(冷淡的冷淡的)3.We samplesample six different teas and eat multi-flavored pumpkin seeds.(品尝品尝)4.The suspectsuspe

2、ct had refused to give any details of his identity and had carried nodocuments on his person.(嫌疑犯嫌疑犯)5.With the development of the crust and its continents,a recognizable ancestorancestorof our present earth appeared.(原型原型)6.Mobile technologies generategenerate a lot of interest,and its easy to see

3、why.(引起引起)7.We had to declinedecline the invitation to visit our friends in another city.(谢绝谢绝)8.This book is suffused with Shaws characteristiccharacteristic wry Irish humour.(独特的独特的)9.Like a kid,he seems to instinctively avoid responsibility and blameblame.(过失过失)10.I think its important to be hone

4、st and be loyal and treasure your own culturalrootroot.(根源根源).选词填空be well-known that,come to an end,be similar to,adjustment to,convince.of,by contrast,it is said that,call off,make ones way,protect.from1.Its August,which is the time of year when all of these joys comecome toto anan endend,when the

5、hard work of preparing for winter begins.2.As you know,the roots of trees can help protectprotect soil fromfrom being washed away.3.It was not until dusk that they mademade theirtheir wayway home.4.ItIt isis saidsaid thatthat in Australia there is more land that the government knows whatto do with i

6、t.5.It isis well-knownwell-known thatthat the higher the ground is,the thinner the air therebecomes.6.I prefer to callcall offoff the meeting on account of the bosss absence.7.The coastal areas have mild winters,but byby contrastcontrast the central plains becomeextremely cold.8.He has convincedconv

7、inced us ofof the importance of English reading.9.We have made an adjustmentadjustment toto our price and give you a special discount of threepercent.10.We have a long way to go before AI can truly begin to bebe similarsimilar toto the humanbrain.完成句子1.The house thatthat isis beingbeing builtbuilt w

8、ill be served as a meeting room for our school.(定语从句)这座正在建设的房子将用作我们学校的会议室。2.The teacher suggested to us that every minute(should)(should)bebe mademade useuse ofof to improveour spoken English.老师建议我们要充分利用每一分钟来提高我们的英语口语。(固定结构)3.He is sitting by the window,lookinglooking backback onon his life with his

9、 mother in Paris.(分词作状语)他坐在窗边,回顾他和母亲在巴黎的生活。4.She felt uneasy withwith allall eyeseyes focusedfocused onon her.(with 的复合结构)所有的目光都集中在她身上,她感到局促不安。5.According to the drivers explanation,itit was not his carelessness but the badweather thatthat was to blame for the accident.(固定句型)根据司机的解释,造成事故的原因不是他的粗心大意,

10、而是恶劣的天气。.阅读理解(2021仙桃高二检测)For as long as weve known about it,humans have searched for a cure for cancer.Across the world,countless amounts of time and money have been spent on researchinga way to stop this terrible disease.But now,it seems like the answer could havebeen inside our own bodies the whol

11、e time.Recently,the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)in the US,a government agencythats responsible for healthcare,approved a new form of gene therapy(疗法)thatcould mean the end of a certain type of cancer.The therapy allows scientists to“train”the immune(有免疫力的)cells of sickpatients to fight leukemia

12、(白血病)a form of blood cancer that mostly affects youngpeople.The exciting new treatment works by removing healthy immune cells from the patient,known as T-cells,which are then changed to be able to“hunt down”cancer cells.The cells are then put back into the patient before they begin to get rid of the

13、patients leukemia over time,similar to how the body fights off other illnesses.“This is truly an exciting new day for cancer patients,”Louis J.DeGennaro,president of the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society,said in a news release.Up until now,a long and painful marrow transplant(骨髓移植)was the only optionfor

14、 many leukemia patients.In this procedure,healthy blood cells are taken from a donator and placed intothe sick patient,who also has to go through chemotherapy(化疗)to allow their bodyto adjust to the new cells.But with a recovery rate of around 83%according to a news release publishedby the FDA its ho

15、ped that the days of painful trips to the hospital,or evendeath,are over for leukemia sufferers.“Were entering a new frontier in medical innovation(创新)with the abilityto reprogram a patients own cells to attack a deadly cancer,”FDA representativeScott Gottlieb said in the release.“New technologies s

16、uch as gene and celltherapies hold the potential to transform medicine and our ability to treat and evencure many incurable illnesses.”【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章介绍了医学领域的一项重大进步。美国食品药品监督管理局批准了一项新的基因疗法通过“训练”患者有免疫力的细胞去杀死癌细胞。实验已经证明这一疗法相当有效,并且前景光明。1.What is the authors main purpose in writing the passage?A.To co

17、mpare different ways of curing leukemia.B.To report on a breakthrough in cancer treatment.C.To explore the potential of gene and cell therapies.D.To show scientists efforts in search of a cure for cancer.【解析】选 B。推理判断题。通览全文可知,文章介绍了医学领域的一项重大进步。美国食品药品监督管理局批准了一项新的基因疗法通过“训练”患者有免疫力的细胞去杀死癌细胞。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是要

18、报道一项癌症治疗领域的新突破。故选 B。2.How does the new treatment to fight leukemia work?A.By using changed T-cells to destroy cancer cells.B.By replacing sick blood cells with healthy ones.C.By removing sick blood cells during marrow transplant.D.By using chemotherapy to improve the patients immune system.【解析】选 A。细

19、节理解题。根据文章第三、四段可知,新的基因疗法是通过“训练”患者有免疫力的细胞去杀死癌细胞。故选 A。3.What can be inferred about the new therapy for leukemia sufferers?A.It can save them many more trips to the hospital.B.It can improve their ability to fight off all kinds of cancer.C.It can give them a better chance of survival and recovery.D.It c

20、an reduce their pain in the process of marrow transplant.【解析】选 C。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 its hoped that the days of painful tripsto the hospital,or even death,are over for leukemia sufferers.可知,由于这项新疗法,白血病患者有望战胜癌症,从病痛折磨中恢复,并活下来。故选 C。4.What is Scott Gottliebs attitude toward gene and cell therapies?A.Doubtful.

21、B.Optimistic.C.Worried.D.Casual.【解析】选 B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知,Scott Gottlieb 认为基因和细胞疗法有望让我们治疗甚至治愈一些难以治疗的疾病。因此 Scott Gottlieb 对于基因和细胞疗法持乐观态度。故选 B。.应用文写作假定你是李华,你的英国笔友 Jack 来信告诉你,他学习效率很低。请你给 Jack 回信,提供一些你提高学习效率的方法。主要内容包括:1.安静的学习地点;2.上课集中注意力(记笔记,回答老师问题);3.适当运动和休息。注意:1.词数 80 左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。_【参考范文】Dear J

22、ack,I have received your letter and known your problems.The following are somemethods of my own on how to improve study efficiency.It is recommended to find a quiet and tidy place to study.At the same time,Ill keep my cellphone away so that I wont be disturbed.Secondly,I try to attendduring the less

23、on as well as making notes.If possible,actively answer the questionsmy teachers put forward.Last but not least,exercise properly and ensure adequatesleep and rest.I hope my methods are helpful to you!Yours,Li Hua阅读理解(2021娄底高二检测)Babies made from three people approved in UKBabies made from two women a

24、nd one man have been approved by the UKs fertilityregulator.The historic and controversial move is to prevent children from being bornwith deadly genetic diseases.Doctors in Newcastle who developed the advanced form of In Vitro Fertilizationor IVF(人工授精)are expected to be the first to offer the proce

25、dure and havealready appealed for donor eggs.The first such child could be born,at the earliest,by the end of 2017.Some families have lost multiple children due to incurable mitochondrial(线粒体的)diseases,which can leave people with insufficient energy to keep their heartbeating.The diseases are passed

26、 down from only the mother,so a technique using a donoregg as well as the mothers egg and fathers sperm has been developed.The resulting child has a tiny amount of their DNA from the donor,but theprocedure is legal and reviews say it is ethical(伦理的)and scientifically ready.“It is a decision of histo

27、ric importance,”said Sally Cheshire,chairwomanof the Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority(HFEA).“Im sure patients willbe really pleased by what weve decided today.”But some scientists have questioned the ethics of the technique,saying it couldopen the door to genetically-modified(转基因)designe

28、r babies.The HFEA must approve every clinic and every patient before the procedure cantake place.Three-person babies have been allowed only in cases where the risk ofa child developing mitochondrial disease is very high.Prof Mary Herbert,from the Newcastle Fertility Centre,said,“It isenormously plea

29、sing that our many years of research in this area can finally be appliedto help families affected by these devastating diseases”.“Now that we are moving forward towards clinical treatments,we will also needdonors to donate eggs for use in treatment to prevent affected women transmittingdisease to th

30、eir children.”Prof Sir Doug Turnbull,the director of the Welcome Centre for MitochondrialResearch at Newcastle University,said,“We are delighted by todays decision.We will also provide long-term follow up of any children born.”NHS England has agreed to fund the treatment costs of the first trial oft

31、hree-person IVF for those women who meet the HFEA criteria,as long as they agreeto long-term follow up of their children after they are born.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,文章介绍了英国批准由三个人生产婴儿,以此来防止儿童出生时携带致命的遗传疾病。1.Why is it historically important to approve babies made from three people?A.It helps couples who lose th

32、e ability to give birth to a baby.B.It marks a foundation stone to change babies appearances before birth.C.It stops deadly genetic diseases passing down to newly-born babies.D.It turns out to be an advanced form of In Vitro Fertilization.【解析】选 C。细节理解题。根据第一段中 The historic and controversial move is t

33、o preventchildren from being born with deadly genetic diseases.可知,批准由三个人生产婴儿具有历史意义的重要性是因为它能防止儿童出生时携带致命的遗传疾病,也就是它能阻止致命的遗传疾病传给新生儿,故选 C。2.Which of the following is TRUE about mitochondrial diseases?A.They pass down on to babies from their parents.B.They prevent peoples heart from functioning normally.C

34、.Some children infected can be cured with proper treatment.D.Babies can be infected with them through a donors egg.【解析】选 B。细节理解题。根据第三段可知,线粒体疾病导致人们没有足够的能量来维持心脏跳动,一些家庭因为这种疾病失去了很多孩子,由此可知,线粒体疾病使人的心脏无法正常工作,故选 B。3.How can a clinic or a patient be approved of applying the three-person babytechnique?A.Only

35、when the baby to be born needs it to survive.B.Only when the patient gets financially prepared.C.Only when the clinic gets scientifically ready.D.Only when the technique is ethnically accepted.【解析】选 A。推理判断题。根据第八段第二句可知,只有在儿童患线粒体疾病的风险非常高的情况下(只有靠这种技术才能存活),才允许三人婴儿出生,故选 A。4.What is the authors attitude towards the approval of babies made from threepeople?A.Supportive.B.Indifferent.C.Worried.D.Objective.【解析】选 D。观点态度题。本文为新闻报道,作者引用了多位该领域的专家的言论,其中既有支持这一决定的观点,也有人提出这一决定是否会默认转基因克隆人技术的发展的疑问(第 7 段),而作者本身的观点并未在文中具体表露,因此,作者仍站在客观的角度看待这个问题。故选 D。