状语从句精讲课件.ppt

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1、关于状语从句精讲第1页，此课件共96页哦在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语或是整个句从句，它可以用来修饰谓语或是整个句子。子。状语从句第2页，此课件共96页哦状语从句状语从句状状语语从从句句时间状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句第3页，此课件共96页哦时间状语从句时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连词有：引导时间状语从句的连词有：when,while,as,the

2、 moment,before,when,while,as,the moment,before,after,till,until,since,as soon as after,till,until,since,as soon as 等。等。I will tell him when he comes back.I will tell him when he comes back.第4页，此课件共96页哦连接词连接词when的用法小结的用法小结1.when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是可延续可以是可延续也可以是表短暂性动作的动词也可以是表短暂性动作的动词(非延续性非延

3、续性)。如如Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.WhenIlivedthere,Iusedtogototheseashore.2.可用作并列连词，其意义为可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时那时，这时”，相当于，相当于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：。常用于下列句式：(刚要刚要这时突然这时突然)记忆记忆Sb.wasdoingsomethingwasabouttodosth+whenwasonthepointofdoingsth.hadjustdonesthI was walking along the street,when I met

4、himIwasabouttofallasleepwhenmysistercamein.3.还可以表示原因还可以表示原因“既然既然”，相当于，相当于since;consideringthat。如：。如：Why do you walk when you have a car?既然你有车为什么要步行呢？.第5页，此课件共96页哦连接词when的用法1 when1 when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词可以是延续性动词也可以是表短暂性动作的动词也可以是表短暂性动作的动词(非延续性非延续性)。When the film ended,the people went

5、 back.When the film ended,the people went back.When I lived there,I used to go to the seashore.When I lived there,I used to go to the seashore.第6页，此课件共96页哦2 2 whenwhen表示表示 “就在这时就在这时”在下列结构中，表示某件在下列结构中，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。事正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。be about to dobe about to do when whenbe doingbe doing w

6、hen whenhad donehad done when whenWe were about to start when it began to rain.We were about to start when it began to rain.I was playing computer games when mom came in.I was playing computer games when mom came in.第7页，此课件共96页哦连接词while的用法1.while1.while引导的动作必须是持续性的，在引导的动作必须是持续性的，在期间，期间，往往指一段时间。如：往往指

7、一段时间。如：While we were talking,he came in.Please dont talk so loud while others are working.第8页，此课件共96页哦2.while2.while作为并列连词，意为作为并列连词，意为“而，却而，却”，侧重主句，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。动作和从句动作相对比。We are cleaning the classroom while We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the footballthey are playing the foot

8、ball.3.while3.while可表示尽管，相当于可表示尽管，相当于althoughalthough。第9页，此课件共96页哦while 含义：While I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend.(while=_)He likes pop music,while I am fond of folk music.(while=_)While I really dont like art,I find his work impressive.(while=_)While there is life there is

9、hope.(while=_)whenalthoughas long as but第10页，此课件共96页哦连词when，while，as的用法1 1whilewhile引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的，续的，而而whenwhen引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是可延引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是可延续的，也续的，也 可以是表短暂性动作的动词。可以是表短暂性动作的动词。When/While he was eating his breakfast,he heard When/While he was eating his breakfast,he hea

10、rd the doorbell ring.the doorbell ring.When I stopped my car,a man came up to me.When I stopped my car,a man came up to me.(不可延续，短暂性动词，只可以用不可延续，短暂性动词，只可以用whenwhen，不可，不可用用while)while)第11页，此课件共96页哦2 2表示表示“随着随着”，连词用，连词用asas，不用，不用whenwhen或或whilewhile。AsAs the day went on,the weather got worse.the day we

11、nt on,the weather got worse.3 3如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，动作时，when,while when,while 与与as as 可互换使用。可互换使用。When/While/As When/While/As I was walking down the street,I I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine.came across a

12、n old friend of mine.第12页，此课件共96页哦4.4.从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用whenwhen引导引导这个从句，不可用这个从句，不可用asas或或whilewhile。WhenWhen you have finished your work,you may have a you have finished your work,you may have a rest.rest.WhenWhen the children had gone to bed,she began to the children had gone to

13、bed,she began to prepare her lessons.prepare her lessons.第13页，此课件共96页哦连接词beforeWehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.Wehadntrunamilebeforehefelttired.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.“才”“不到就”“趁”“还没来得及”第14页，此课件共96页哦BeforeBefore从句中谓语不用否定式从句中谓语不用否定式 Be

14、fore they reached the station,the train Before they reached the station,the train had gone.had gone.第15页，此课件共96页哦句型句型It will be/wasIt will be/was一段时间一段时间beforebefore“还要过还要过多久才多久才”句型句型It will be/was notIt will be/was not一段时间一段时间beforebefore“多久就多久就”It will be two years before he leaves the It will be

15、two years before he leaves the country.country.It wasnIt wasnt two years before he left the t two years before he left the country.country.第16页，此课件共96页哦连接词since在在it is/has been+it is/has been+段时间段时间+since+since从句中，时间的从句中，时间的计算从计算从sincesince从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。It is three years since I sm

16、oked a cigar.It is three years since I smoked a cigar.It is three years since I began to smoke.It is three years since I began to smoke.我不吸烟有三年了。我不吸烟有三年了。我吸烟有三年了。我吸烟有三年了。第17页，此课件共96页哦since在it is/has been+段时间+since从句中，时间的计算从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。如：It is three years since she was in our class.It is thr

17、ee years since he lived here 她离开我们班有三年了。他不住这儿有三年了。比较it is three years since I smoked a cigar.It is three years since I began to smoke.我不吸烟有三年了。我吸烟有三年了第18页，此课件共96页哦No sooner than-No sooner than-一一就就He had no sooner arrived than he went away He had no sooner arrived than he went away again.again.No so

18、oner No sooner had he arrived thanhad he arrived than he went away again.he went away again.no soonerno sooner than than 用于句首要求倒装用于句首要求倒装Hardly Hardly whenwhenScarcely Scarcely whenwhen第19页，此课件共96页哦till，until 和not until的用法1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词 是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到是延续性动词

19、，表示动作或状态一直持续到 until/till所表示的时间，意为所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时某动作一直延续到某时 间点才停止间点才停止”。We waited until he came.We waited until he came.2 2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句句 为肯定，意为为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始某动作直到某时间才开始”He wonHe wont go to bed till/until she returns.t go to bed till/until she returns.第20页，此课件

20、共96页哦3till不可以置于句首，而不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：可以。如：4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法：句型中的强调和倒装说法：Until you told me I had no idea of it.Until you told me I had no idea of it.It was not until you told me that I had any It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.idea of it.Not until you told me did I have any i

21、dea of Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.it.第21页，此课件共96页哦 It wasnt until nearly a month later _ I received the managers reply.A.since B.when C.as D.that2.It was nearly a month _I received the managerIt was nearly a month _I received the managers s reply.reply.3.It was nearly 9 oIt was

22、nearly 9 oclock clock _ _ _I received the I received the managermanagers reply.s reply.4.It was nearly at 9 oIt was nearly at 9 oclockclock _I received the _I received the managermanagers reply.s reply.beforewhenthat第22页，此课件共96页哦考点考点:易混淆句型易混淆句型itis+时间时间+sincebeforewhenthatItisfiveyears_hefinishedhis

23、research.It was five years _he finished hisresearch.It was five years later _he finished hisresearch.Itwas5oclock_hegothome.Itwasat5oclock_hegothome.whenthatsincebeforethat第23页，此课件共96页哦Once you see him,you will Once you see him,you will never forget him.never forget him.Once -Once -一但一但就就第24页，此课件共96

24、页哦引导状语从句的连接词有引导状语从句的连接词有:If,unless,as long as,in case,If,unless,as long as,in case,provided that,on condition thatprovided that,on condition that条件状语从句第25页，此课件共96页哦If-如果如果If you dont hurry up,you will miss the plane.If it snows tomorrow,the flight will be canceled.If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow m

25、orning,youd better get to bed now.第26页，此课件共96页哦Unless-如果不如果不,除非除非=if notWe cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight=We cannot get there on time if we dont book the earliest flight.第27页，此课件共96页哦Dont trouble trouble unless trouble troubles you.He will not join us unless he changes his

26、 mind.第28页，此课件共96页哦As long as-只要只要We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.You cant play games as long as you remember the rules.A man is not old as long as he is seeking something.第29页，此课件共96页哦As(so)far as-据据所知所知As far as I know,he speaks English very well.As/So far as I know,he is an expert on

27、 DNA.第30页，此课件共96页哦In case-假使假使,如果如果 万一万一The plane cannot take off in case it rains.Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.第31页，此课件共96页哦Provided that 如果如果,有时省略有时省略 thatThe plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.You can become a stewardess provided that

28、you are in good shape and you have got the proper education.第32页，此课件共96页哦On condition that-条件是条件是He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.The mother promised to the son to buy him a toy airplane on condition that he passes his English test.第33页，此课件共96页哦注注

29、:主从句的动作发生在将来时，主从句的动作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时则主句用将来时,从句用一般现从句用一般现在时。在时。If he arrives tomorrow,I will be waiting for him at the airport.He said he would not leave unless it was fine next day.第34页，此课件共96页哦地点状语从句地点状语从句 地点状语从句只有两个连词地点状语从句只有两个连词:Where,wherever第35页，此课件共96页哦Where-在地方Put the medicine where you can eas

30、ily get it.Where that high building stands,there used to be some low,deserted houses.Where there is a will,there is a way.第36页，此课件共96页哦Wherever-无论哪里无论哪里He follows her wherever she goes.Wherever you are,I will be right there waiting for you.第37页，此课件共96页哦 在地点状语从句之前，不要使用介词。【误】You should put the book at

31、 where it was.【正】You should put the book where it was.你应该把书放在原来的地方。【误】We should go to where we are needed most.【正】We should go where we are needed most.我们应该到最需要我们的地方去。第38页，此课件共96页哦原因状语从句原因状语从句 because,as,since,now that,和和considering that,for,seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示表这六个连词都用于表示表示原因示原因,但在语气上一个比一但在语气上一个比

32、一个弱个弱.第39页，此课件共96页哦Because-因为因为,通常从句放在通常从句放在主句后主句后.Mr Smith was very upset because he couldnt find his luggage.He said that he couldnt work because the computer was out of order.第40页，此课件共96页哦 because 和和for的区别。的区别。for 是并列连词，只用于连接表示原因的分句，因此不能用于句首。是并列连词，只用于连接表示原因的分句，因此不能用于句首。because表示原因时，可位于句首。表示原因时，可位

33、于句首。【误误】For he did not obey the rules,he was punished.【正正】Because he did not obey the rules,he was punished.第41页，此课件共96页哦As-因为因为,通常放在句首通常放在句首As it is quite windy today,he decidesAs he is honest and modest,all his friends like him.第42页，此课件共96页哦Since-既然既然 因语气较弱因语气较弱,常译常译为既然为既然Since everybody has come,

34、we can set off.Since the purser didnt tell us what to do,we can relax.第43页，此课件共96页哦Now that-既然既然Now that you are here,you can join us.Now that all airlines offer discount prices,we should do the same.第44页，此课件共96页哦considering that-顾及到顾及到 Considering that they are just beginners,they are doing quite a

35、 good job.第45页，此课件共96页哦seeing that-由于由于 Seeing(that)quite a few people were absent,we decided toput the meeting off.第46页，此课件共96页哦结果状语从句结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有：引导结果状语从句的连词有：that,so that,sothatsuchthat第47页，此课件共96页哦So that-太太以至于以至于 so 后面应用形容词或副词后面应用形容词或副词,有时省有时省略略so只用只用thatBoeing 747 is so large that people

36、 like to call it jet bomb.The flight scheduled so early that nobody wanted to look on it.第48页，此课件共96页哦So that-因而，以便，为了因而，以便，为了 有时有时so 可以省去可以省去Can you move your luggage a little bit away so that I can put mine in the overhead bin too.Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.第49

37、页，此课件共96页哦Such that-太太以至于以至于 用法与用法与sothat相同，但相同，但such 后面应用名词。后面应用名词。The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.第50页，此课件共96页哦 6.目的状语从句目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的主要连词有引导目的状语从句的主要连词有:that,so that,in order that,for fear that,lest第51页，此课件共96页哦Lets take the front seats(so)that we ma

38、y see more clearly.(So)that-以便以便,从句中常常使从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：用一些情态动词，如：can,could,may,might,should等等 第52页，此课件共96页哦in order that-为了为了,与与so that 相同从句中常常使用一相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：些情态动词，如：can,could,may,might,should等等 School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.第53页，此课件共96页哦fo

39、r fear that-生怕生怕;为了防止为了防止(某事发生某事发生)He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.The instructor emphasized on the issue three times for fear that the students did not pay enough attention to the problem.第54页，此课件共96页哦in case -万一万一 Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.You sho

40、uld bring a dictionary in case you need it.Please take an umbrella in case it rains.第55页，此课件共96页哦Lest-以防万一以防万一The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him.The manager of the workshop asked his staff to work overtime lest they wouldnt finish the task on time.第56页，此课件共96页哦

41、比较状语从句比较状语从句 引导比较状语从句的连词有：引导比较状语从句的连词有：Asas,not so(as)as,.than,the more the more.第57页，此课件共96页哦AsAsasas-像像一样一样If you donIf you dont want to miss the flight,you need t want to miss the flight,you need to be at the airport as early as to be at the airport as early as possiblepossible.My grandma told me

42、 that her eyesight was as My grandma told me that her eyesight was as good as good as 10 years before10 years before.Cultivation to the mind is as necessary as Cultivation to the mind is as necessary as food for food for the bodythe body.第58页，此课件共96页哦Not so(as)Not so(as)as as-不像不像The job is not so d

43、ifficult as The job is not so difficult as I thought it would I thought it would bebe.The flight was not so/as harmful as The flight was not so/as harmful as the captain the captain predictedpredicted.第59页，此课件共96页哦thanthan-比比怎么样，用于事物间的比较，怎么样，用于事物间的比较，more more 后面用形容词或副词后面用形容词或副词People believe that b

44、eing a stewardess is better than People believe that being a stewardess is better than most of the other jobs.most of the other jobs.I personally think that the American movies are I personally think that the American movies are more interesting than Chinese onesmore interesting than Chinese ones第60

45、页，此课件共96页哦The more,the more-越越 越越The more he listened to that song,the less he enjoyed it.The more things a man is ashamed of,the more respectable he is.第61页，此课件共96页哦必背：常见的比较句型。Hisfatheristwicedoubleasoldashe(is).Hisfatheristwotimesolderthanhe.他爸爸的年龄是他的两倍。他爸爸的年龄是他的两倍。Ournewschoolisthreetimesbiggerth

46、antheoldone.我们的新学校比老学校大三倍。我们的新学校比老学校大三倍。Ournewschoolisfourtimesasbigastheoldne.我们的新学校是老学校的四倍大。我们的新学校是老学校的四倍大。Ournewschoolisfourtimesthesizeoftheoldone.我们的新学校是老学校的四倍。我们的新学校是老学校的四倍。第62页，此课件共96页哦8.让步状语从句让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词有：引导让步状语从句的连词有：Although,though,as,even if,even though,no matter,however,whatever,w

47、hile,whether第63页，此课件共96页哦Although,though-虽然虽然 although 和和though 可以互换，可以互换，但但although 常放在句首。常放在句首。Though可以用于倒装。可以用于倒装。Although it was raining,the plane managed to take off.Although it was not his fault,he took all the blame.第64页，此课件共96页哦Though he did his best,he didnt succeed.Child though he was,he d

48、id quite well.第65页，此课件共96页哦As-尽管尽管 as 引导让步状语从引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。可与句时，句子通常倒装。可与though 互换。互换。Busy as he is,he never misses a football match.Hard as she works,she makes little progress.第66页，此课件共96页哦Even if/even though-即使即使Even if you dont like your boss,you should do your work.Even if you are not fond of

49、 flowers,you shouldnt miss the chrysanthemum exhibition.第67页，此课件共96页哦Even though I might be wrong,I will go my way.Even though his dean didnt mean it,he still felt embarrassed.第68页，此课件共96页哦However-不论，不论，however 引引导让步状语从句时，句子通常导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装倒装He couldnt get there on time however fast he drove.The fa

50、ther couldnt make his daughter smile however hard he tried.第69页，此课件共96页哦N o matter(what,when,where,how)-无论（什么，何时，何无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样）地，怎样）The old man wouldnt believe anything no matter what you said.Please tell me the result no matter when you get it.第70页，此课件共96页哦He wouldnt forgive me no matter how hard