英语语法名词和动词.ppt

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1、关于英语语法名词和关于英语语法名词和动词动词现在学习的是第1页，共59页（一）概述（一）概述 名词是表示人、地方、事物或抽象概念名称的词，可以说名词是万物之名称。它们可以是：人的名字 Li Ming,Tom,Gina地方名称 China,London,England职业称呼 teacher,doctor,worker物品名称 pencil,dictionary,pencil-case行为名称 study,invention 抽象概念 history,grammar 现在学习的是第2页，共59页（二）名词的分类（二）名词的分类专有名词&普通名词可数名词&不可数名词现在学习的是第3页，共59页1专

2、有名词专有名词主要指人名、地名及某些类人和事物专有的名称。主要指人名、地名及某些类人和事物专有的名称。如：如：Mary，Beijing，Americans,English，May,Saturday,EasterGonewiththeWind 2普通名词普通名词 除专有名词外，其它都属于普通名词。如：boy，classroom，book,bag,aunt,family,juice,milk,age,childhood现在学习的是第4页，共59页分类：专有名词（）or 普通名词（）？Saturday,tea,Zhanghua,rain,WestLake，enemy,computer,beauty,

3、Mrs.Greenweather,peace,ice-cream,Russians,JourneytotheWest 现在学习的是第5页，共59页1.可数名词（countable noun）/C 可以分清个体，以数目来计算的，有复数形式。可以分清个体，以数目来计算的，有复数形式。可以分清个体，以数目来计算的，有复数形式。可以分清个体，以数目来计算的，有复数形式。如：如：如：如：book,girl,ruler,room,apple,box,bus,watch,book,girl,ruler,room,apple,box,bus,watch,day,zooday,zoo2.不可数名词（uncoun

4、table noun）/U 不可以分清个体，不能以数目来计算，只有单数形式。不可以分清个体，不能以数目来计算，只有单数形式。不可以分清个体，不能以数目来计算，只有单数形式。不可以分清个体，不能以数目来计算，只有单数形式。如如如如:water,milk,coffee,tea,:water,milk,coffee,tea,rice,breadrice,bread,work,study,lovework,study,love现在学习的是第6页，共59页分类：可数名词（）or 不可数名词（）？boy,knife,peace,potato,wind,tomato,hero,music,pleasure,

5、map,radio,technology,desk,egg现在学习的是第7页，共59页当然，也有特殊的哦！1.既可以当可数名词又可以当不可数名词：既可以当可数名词又可以当不可数名词：可数可数不可数不可数glasspapertimeorangeadvicetiniron玻璃杯，眼镜玻璃杯，眼镜玻璃玻璃报纸，试卷报纸，试卷纸张纸张次数，时代次数，时代时间时间橙，橘子橙，橘子橙汁，橙色橙汁，橙色劝告劝告;建议建议 通知，公函，消息通知，公函，消息锡锡 罐头罐头铁铁 熨斗熨斗 现在学习的是第8页，共59页在中文是可数，英文却不可数：在中文是可数，英文却不可数：如：如：money，bread，hair，

6、meat，furniture，rice，news因此，平时要因此，平时要多积累哦！多积累哦！现在学习的是第9页，共59页可数名词的复数形式 1.规则变化：规则变化：一般情况一般情况在词尾加在词尾加-s：deskdesks；daydays；girlgirls 以以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词结尾的词在词尾加在词尾加-es：bus buses；boxboxes；watchwatches以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的词结尾的词变变y为为I再加再加-es：familyfamilies factoryfactories partyparties 以以f或或fe结尾的词结尾的词变变f或或fe为为v再加再加

7、-es:knifeknives;lifelives;wifewives;halfhalves Important!现在学习的是第10页，共59页Lets practice!I.写出下列名词的复数形式：1.house _ 2.village _ 3.map _ 4.orange _ 5.bag _ 7.dish _ 8.family _ 9.boy _ 10.monkey _ 11.box _ 12.knife _ 13.class _ 14.factory _ 15.leaf_ 16.dictionary _ 17.watch _housesvillagesmapsorangesbagsdis

8、hesfamiliesboysmonkeysboxesknivesclassesfactoriesleavesdictionarieswatches现在学习的是第11页，共59页2.不规则变化：不规则变化：1）以）以o结尾加结尾加-es：potatopotatoestomatotomatoesheroheroes NegroNegroes2)字母字母a变变e:manmen,womanwomen,FrenchmanFrenchmen,policeman-policemen3)字母字母oo变变ee:toothteeth,footfeet,goosegeese但：但：GermanGermanshum

9、anhumans现在学习的是第12页，共59页4)单复数同形：单复数同形：sheepsheep,deerdeer,fishfishChinese-Chinese,JapaneseJapanesecattlecattle5)其他：其他：childchildren,mousemice,mediummedia,basisbases现在学习的是第13页，共59页不同国籍的人的复数形式：1）加-s:Australian Australians Russian RussiansItalian Italians Greek GreeksAmerican Americans Indian IndiansCan

10、adian Canadians German Germans2)变变a为为e：Englishman EnglishmenFrenchman Frenchmen3）单复数同形：）单复数同形：Chinese Chinese Japanese JapaneseSwiss Swiss 现在学习的是第14页，共59页Exercises!1.match _ 2.man _ 3.German _ 4.tomato _5.policeman _ 6.kilo _ 7.human _ 8.potato _ 9.Chinese _ 10.shelf _11.Japanese _ 12.American_13.li

11、fe _ 14.tooth _15.wife _ 16.foot _ 17.knife _ 18.sheep _19.half _ 20.key_matchesmenGermanstomatoespolicemenkiloshumanspotatoesChineseshelvesJapaneseAmericanslivesteethwivesfeetknivessheephalveskeys现在学习的是第15页，共59页3.3.3.3.合成名词的复数形式：合成名词的复数形式：合成名词的复数形式：合成名词的复数形式：有有主体时，主体变为复数主体变为复数 father-in-law fatherf

12、ather-in-law fathers s-in-law(-in-law(岳父，公公）岳父，公公）岳父，公公）岳父，公公）无无主体时，结尾加结尾加“s s”grown-up grown-up grown-up grown-ups s（成年人）（成年人）（成年人）（成年人）go-between go-betweengo-between go-betweens s（媒介者媒介者媒介者媒介者;中间人）中间人）中间人）中间人）如果其中有如果其中有manman或者或者womanwoman，则两个都要变复数，则两个都要变复数 woman doctor womwoman doctor wome en do

13、ctorn doctors s man doctor m man doctor me en doctorn doctors s现在学习的是第16页，共59页Can you try?把下列名词变复数形式：looker-on woman singer sister-in-law man cookpasser-by housewifebride-to-be woman doctorschoolroomlookers-onwomen singerssisters-in-lawmen cookspassers-byhousewivesbrides-to-bewomen doctorsschoolroom

14、s现在学习的是第17页，共59页名词 n.Period 2现在学习的是第18页，共59页1、orange_ 2、class_ 3、text _ 4、monkey_ 5、piano_ 6、child_ 7、shelf _ 8、bed_ 9、country_ 10、family_ 11、toy _ 12、foot _ 13、Japanese_14、radio_ 15、photo_ 16.army_ 17.cattle_ 18.Australian_Brainstorm!orangesclassestextsmonkeyspianoschildrenshelvesbedscountriesfamil

15、iestoysfeetJapaneseradiosphotosarmiescattleAustralians现在学习的是第19页，共59页Lets learn more!现在学习的是第20页，共59页不可数名词的量的表达：不可数名词的量的表达：可以加上一个表示数量的修饰词来表示它的数量可以加上一个表示数量的修饰词来表示它的数量可以加上一个表示数量的修饰词来表示它的数量可以加上一个表示数量的修饰词来表示它的数量,如如如如:apieceof,acupof,abagof,aglassof,akiloof一张纸一张纸apieceofpaper三张纸三张纸threepiecesofpaper一包大米一包

16、大米abagofrice十包大米十包大米tenbagsofrice*可数名词也可以这样表达量可数名词也可以这样表达量可数名词也可以这样表达量可数名词也可以这样表达量,但要用复数形式：但要用复数形式：但要用复数形式：但要用复数形式：aboxofbooksfivebagsofapplestenkilosoforanges也就是短语里面可数名词可数名词要变复数的都变复数哦！现在学习的是第21页，共59页常用量词总结a glass of 一玻璃杯 a cup of 一杯a bottle of 一瓶 a bag of 一包，一袋a box of 一盒；一箱 a piece of 一张(一片,块)a ki

17、lo of 一公斤；一千克a basket of 一篮 a pair of 一对，一双，一副a group of 一群，一队，一组现在学习的是第22页，共59页Lets try!1、三杯水 2、五杯茶 3、一公斤米4、二十箱书5、三篮子蔬菜 6、八双鞋子7、十杯牛奶 8、五块肉 9、一副眼镜 three glasses of waterfive cups of teaa kilo of ricetwenty boxes of booksthree baskets of vegetableseight pairs of shoesten glasses of milkfive pieces of

18、 meata pair of glasses现在学习的是第23页，共59页名词所有格：名词所有格：1)1)一般情况加一般情况加一般情况加一般情况加-s-s：childrenchildrenssbooksbooks儿童图书儿童图书儿童图书儿童图书todaytodaysspaperpaper今天的报纸今天的报纸今天的报纸今天的报纸(2)(2)带词尾带词尾带词尾带词尾-s-s的复数名词只加的复数名词只加的复数名词只加的复数名词只加()()：girlsgirls schoolschool女子学校女子学校女子学校女子学校 theSmithstheSmiths carcar史密斯家的小汽车史密斯家的小汽车

19、史密斯家的小汽车史密斯家的小汽车（3 3）注意以下情况：）注意以下情况：）注意以下情况：）注意以下情况：TomTomssandJimandJimssroomrooms s 汤姆和吉姆汤姆和吉姆汤姆和吉姆汤姆和吉姆(各自各自各自各自)的房间的房间的房间的房间TomandJimTomandJimssroomroom汤姆和吉姆汤姆和吉姆汤姆和吉姆汤姆和吉姆(共同共同共同共同)的房间的房间的房间的房间现在学习的是第24页，共59页一一.用名词所有格填空：用名词所有格填空：1.Theyaregoingtotheir_home.(grandparents)2.The_shoesarebehindthedo

20、or.(boy)3.Thisshopsells_clothesonly.(men)4.Thosearemy_cars.(friends)5.Wearecleaningthe_stables.(horses)Exercisesgrandparentsboys/boysmensfriendshorses现在学习的是第25页，共59页6.Doyouknowwherethis_handbagis?(lady)7.Manyofmy_houseswererobbed.(neighbors)8.The_uniformsarered.(player)9.Thesearethe_toys.(children)l

21、adysneighborsplayerschildrens现在学习的是第26页，共59页1._roomisnexttotheirparents.1._roomisnexttotheirparents.A.KatesandJoansB.KatesandJoanA.KatesandJoansB.KatesandJoanC.KateandJoansD.KateandJoanC.KateandJoansD.KateandJoan2.June1is_.2.June1is_.A.childrensdayB.childrensDayA.childrensdayB.childrensDayC.Children

22、sDayD.ChildrensdayC.ChildrensDayD.Childrensday3.-Whoseroomisthis?-Its_.3.-Whoseroomisthis?-Its_.A.LiMingB.LiMingsA.LiMingB.LiMingsC.LiMingsD.LiMingsC.LiMingsD.LiMings4.Thewomanoverthereis_mother.4.Thewomanoverthereis_mother.A.JuliaandShelleysB.JuliasandShelleysA.JuliaandShelleysB.JuliasandShelleysC.

23、JuliaandShelleyD.JuliasandShelleyC.JuliaandShelleyD.JuliasandShelley 二.选择填空：现在学习的是第27页，共59页+English is spoken by many people in the world.主语主语主语主语+This is a pencil-box.表语表语表语表语+I like English,but I like Chinese better.宾语宾语宾语宾语+Our English teacher is drinking water.定语定语定语定语+Mr.Black,our teacher,is fr

24、om England.同位语同位语同位语同位语+I am going to see a film this evening.状语状语状语状语+Miss Wang is considered a good teacher.补语补语补语补语主语，表语，宾语，定语，同位语，状语，补语主语，表语，宾语，定语，同位语，状语，补语名词的功能名词的功能现在学习的是第28页，共59页Exercises P331.主语2.表语3.状语4.同位语5.宾语6.6.定语定语7.7.补语补语现在学习的是第29页，共59页Review：一一.变复数变复数：1.Chinese _ 2.shelf _ 3.Russian _

25、 4.American_ 5.life _ 6.tooth _7.deer _ 8.piano_9.mouse_ 10.goose_11.hero_ 12.Swiss_ChineseshelvesRussiansAmericanslivesteethdeerpianosmicegeeseheroesSwiss现在学习的是第30页，共59页一玻璃杯一茶杯一瓶一包，一袋一盒；一箱一张(一片,块)一公斤；一千克一篮子一对，一双，一副一群，一队，一组a glass of二、常用量词总结a cup ofa bottle ofa bag ofa box ofa piece ofa kilo ofa bas

26、ket ofa pair ofa group of现在学习的是第31页，共59页1.TodayisSeptember10th.Its_Day.A.TeacherB.TeachersC.TeachersD.Teacher2.Thisis_ball.Itsnot_.A.theboys,girlsB.theboys,thegirlsC.theboy,thegirlD.boys,girls3.Thisyear,_isonMay9th.A.mymothersbrithdayB.mymothersbrithdayC.mymothersbrithdayD.mymotherssbrithday4.Thesea

27、re_books.LiLinboughtsomeattheSunBookstoreandJillboughtsomeattheBlueSkyBookstore.A.LiLinsandJillB.LiLinandJillsC.LiLinsandJillD.LiLinsandJills 三三、名名词词所所有有格格现在学习的是第32页，共59页动词动词v.语法 Grammar现在学习的是第33页，共59页动词的基本形式动词的基本形式1.动词原形2.第三人称单数3.现在分词4.过去式和过去分词Important！现在学习的是第35页，共59页第三人称单数:1 1在动词原形后加在动词原形后加-s-s r

28、unruns runruns 2 2以以ch,sh,s,ch,sh,s,o o,x,x结尾的动词后加结尾的动词后加-es-es teachteachesteachteacheswashwasheswashwashesgogoes gogoes passpasses passpasses 3 3以辅音字母以辅音字母+y+y结尾的动词，先将结尾的动词，先将y y变变为为i i，再加，再加-es-es trytries trytries fly fliesfly flies现在学习的是第36页，共59页过去式与过去分词（规则变化）1.1.在动词原形后加在动词原形后加-ed;-ed;词尾有词尾有e e

29、的加的加-d.-d.work-workedwork-workedlike-likedlike-liked2.2.以辅音字母以辅音字母+y+y结尾的动词，先将结尾的动词，先将y y变为变为i i再加再加-ed-ed carry-carriedcarry-carriedstudy-studiedstudy-studied3 3以重读闭音节以重读闭音节一个辅音字母一个辅音字母结尾的动结尾的动词，先双写再加词，先双写再加-ed-ed stop-stoppedstop-stoppedrob-robbedrob-robbed现在学习的是第37页，共59页Exercises按要求写出动词的形式:1.wash

30、2.match3.stop4.make5.read6.play7.watch8.guess第三人称单数第三人称单数现在分词现在分词过去式过去式过去分词过去分词原形原形washeswashingwashedwashedmatchesmatchingmatched matchedstopsstoppingstoppedstoppedmakesmakingmademadereadsreadingreadreadplaysplayingplayedplayedwatcheswatchingwatchedwatchedguessesguessingguessedguessed现在学习的是第38页，共59

31、页 9.study10.finish11.go12.snow13.carry14.teach15.do16.say原形原形第三人称单数第三人称单数现在分词现在分词过去式过去式过去分词过去分词studiesstudiedstudiedstudyingfinishesfinishingfinishedfinishedgoesgoingwentgonesnowssnowingsnowedsnowedcarriescarryingcarriedcarriedteachesteachingtaughttaughtdoesdoingdiddonesayssayingsaidsaid现在学习的是第39页，共

32、59页动词Period 2&3现在学习的是第40页，共59页Letsreviewwhatwelearnedyesterday!现在学习的是第41页，共59页 e原形原形第三人称单数第三人称单数现在分词现在分词过去式过去式过去分词过去分词destroysdestroyeddestroyingcatchescatchingcaughtcaughtdancesdancingdanceddancedworriesworryingworriedworriedgetsgettinggotgotwasheswashingwashedwashedsingssingingsangsungcomescomingc

33、amecomedestroyed现在学习的是第42页，共59页动词的时态一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时现在完成时现在完成时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时现在学习的是第43页，共59页1、一般现在时的标志词：every时间状语（如时间状语（如everyday）,onSundays,attheweekend,often,always,sometimes,usually，没标志没标志等。如：She does her homework every day.My father usually goes to work by bus.2、一般过去时的标志词

34、：yesterday;“in+过去年、月份过去年、月份”，last短语；短语；ago短语；短语；justnow,once(从前从前)。如：I went to see a film yesterday.She worked in that factory last year.现在学习的是第44页，共59页用适当的动词形式填空：Exercises 1.There_atelephonecallforyoujustnow.(be)2.Peopleusually_(eat)dinnerintheevening.3.Hissisteralways_(go)toschoolat7:00a.m.4.Toman

35、dMary_(come)toChinalastmonth.5.JennyandDannysometimes_(play)gamesintheafternoon.6.Mike_(notgo)tobeduntil12oclocklastnight.waseatgoescameplaydidntgo现在学习的是第45页，共59页7.Mymother_(notdo)houseworkyesterday.8.She_(notvisit)heraunttwodaysago.9.There_(be)noonehereamomentago.10.LinTao_(like)hisnewsweater.11.Th

36、ere_(benot)anyhospitalsinmyhometown(家乡家乡)in1940.12.Where_you_(have)luncheveryday?didntdodidntvisitwaslikeswerentdohave现在学习的是第46页，共59页3、一般将来时的标志词：tomorrow(morning);next时间状语；时间状语；soon;“in+一段一段时间时间”；“in+未来年、月份未来年、月份”；beforelongMary will go shopping tomorrow.Jane is going to travel abroad in two days.4、

37、现在进行时的标志词：now;thesedays;look(at);listen(to)等等Look!The cat is chasing the mouse.My sister is doing her homework now.现在学习的是第47页，共59页Exercises!1.He _(come)back in a week.2.She_(be)a conductor of a train soon.3.Listen!She _(sing)in the classroom.4.Li Ming _(be)ten years old next year.5.Look!The boy over

38、 there _(play)a model plane.6.China _(become)a modern and strong country before long.willcomewillbeissingingwillbeisplayingwillbecome现在学习的是第48页，共59页7.We often_(buy)books and things like that in the shop.8.I _（leave）in a minute.I _（finish）all my work before I _（leave）.9.-What are you doing?-I_(do)my

39、homework.10.The day after tomorrow they _(watch)a volleyball match.11.They _(hold)a birthday party this Sunday.12._you _(work)hard from now on?buywillleavewillfinishleaveamdoingwillwatchwillholdWillwork现在学习的是第49页，共59页5、现在完成时的标志词：already;yet;just;ever;never;“for+一段时间一段时间”，“since短语或从句短语或从句”等I have alr

40、eady spent all of my money.We have seen that film before.现在学习的是第50页，共59页Exercises!1.Ialready(see)thefilm.I_(see)itlastweek.2.he(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.3.you(be)toHongKong?Yes,I_(be)theretwice.4.Myfatherjust(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.5.WheresLiMing?He(go)totheteachersoffice.haveseenHasfinish

41、edHavebeenhavebeenhascomehasgonesaw现在学习的是第51页，共59页6.I(work)heresinceI(move)herein1999.7.SofarI(make)quiteafewfriendshere.8.HowlongtheWangs(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.haveworkedmovedhavemadehavestayed现在学习的是第52页，共59页Remember?What have we learned?Lets review again!现在学习的是第53页，共59页Exercises 用动词的适当形式填空：用动词的适当形

42、式填空：1.Tom_(notlisten)totheradioeverymorning.2.I_(come)toseeyouagainbeforelong.3._youruncle_(have)ameetinglastFriday?4.Howmanyclasses_you_(have)everyday?5.Itssevenintheevening,Tomsfamily_(watch)TV.6.Listen!Who_（sing）inthenextroom?doesntlistenwillcomeDidhavedohavearewatchingissinging现在学习的是第54页，共59页7.D

43、ontmakeanoise.Grandma_（sleep）8.Sometimeshe_（help）hismotherwiththehousework.9.We_(have)ameetingatthattime.10.Tom_(nothave)breakfastyesterdaymorning.11.MrWang_(teach)usmathssince199012._yourfather_(go)toworkbybikeeveryday?issleepinghelpswerehavingdidnthavehastaughtDoesgo现在学习的是第55页，共59页1.Dontturnoffthe

44、lightI_areportnow.A.havebeenreadingB.readC.amreadingD.haveread2.John_thefirstpartyinhislifetomorrownight.A.isgivenB.isgivingC.hasgivenD.hasbeengiving3.Myuncle_toseeme.Hellbeheresoon.A.comesB.iscomingC.hadcomeD.cameExercises 现在学习的是第56页，共59页4.Ithinkshe_rightnow.A.readingB.readsC.isreadingD.read5.Befor

45、elong,he_allaboutthematter.A.willhaveforgottenB.willforgetC.forgetsD.forgot6.He_amodelplanewhenIcametoseehim.A.makesB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.made7.Look!Theboystudentsare_footballwhilethegirlsare_.A.playingdanceB.playingdancingB.C.playdancingD.playdance现在学习的是第57页，共59页长长长长元元元元音音音音/i:/i:/:/:/:/:/:/:/u:/u:/短短短短元元元元音音音音/e/e/双双双双元元元元音音音音/e/e/a/a/a/a/e/e/英英语语国国际际音音标标表（表（48个）个）元音（元音（20个）个）Review现在学习的是第58页，共59页2022/10/72022/10/7感谢大家观看现在学习的是第59页，共59页