Unit 5-Unit 6 Grammar动词不定式讲义牛津译林版英语八年级上册.docx

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1、牛津译林版 8A Unit 5-Unit 6 Grammar动词不定式动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to+动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin，start，want，forget，remember，show，learn，like，hate，love，ask等。I want to tell you a story.我想给你讲个故事。They begin t

2、o work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。Dont forget to lock the door. 别忘了锁门。如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省略to。He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我们一起去游泳。【例一】Im very strong, so nothing will make me _ my mind.A.changeB.to changeC.changingD.to changing【例二】We advise parents _ their children at ho

3、me alone in order to keep them away from danger.A.not leaveB.not to leaveC.leaveD.to leave【例三】He is busy working at school, but he never forgets _ his mom a phone call every day.A.givingB.to giveC.giveD.gives1. 动词不定式常用在go，come，hurry等不及物动词后，表目的。in order to是不定式作目的状语的强调形式。如：They got up early in order t

4、o catch the early bus. 他们早起去赶早班车。有时可以把不定式（短语）提前，放于句首，表示强调目的。如：To learn English quickly and well, he went to England.为了更快更好地学英语，他去了英国。2. 动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作。如：The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.老师常告诉吉姆不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词可以归纳为以下三种情况：（1） 后接带 to 的不

5、定式作宾语补足语的动词构成形如：tell sb. to do sth.的搭配，类似的动词有 tell/ask/want/would like/ wish/like/invite/encourage/teach等。如：Her parents wish her to be a teacher. 她父母亲希望她当老师。（2） 后接不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语的动词构成形如：make sb. do sth.的搭配，类似的动词有：feel，hear，listen to，let，have，see，make，look at，watch，notice。（巧记为：一感、二听、三使、四看）如：Let the

6、boy go out now. 让那个男孩现在出去。My mother often listens to me play the piano. 我妈妈经常听我弹钢琴。（3） 后接不定式作宾语补足语，不定式可带to也可不带to的动词：help。构成形如：help sb.（to）do sth.的搭配。如：I often help my mother（to）do housework. 我经常帮妈妈做家务。动词不定式的否定式是直接在原来的不定式之前加 not。（原来有to的在to之前加not；没有to的在不定式动词原形之前加）如：Tell them not to play football in th

7、e street. 告诉他们不要在街道上踢足球。【例一】We should do what we can _ our environment.A.protectB.to protect C.to protectingD.protecting【例二】What did Mr Green say to his son?He told him _.A.didnt smokeB.dont smokeC.not to smokeD.not smoke【例三】你何不在错误的旁边写下正确的拼写呢？Why dont you _ _ the correct spelling next to the mistake

8、?【例四】Excuse me, havent you been told _(not smoke) in the reading room?【例五】When you leave, please turn off the light _ energy.A.saveB.savingC.savedD.to save【例六】He asked his brother _(not make) a noise.【例七】Do you want _(try) on these shoes to see if they are the right size?【例八】Let him _(finish) the work at once.【例九】Ill help you _(solve) this problem.【例十】Please tell her _(come) here on time.