中考英语基础词汇重点知识点 拓展学习讲义与练习（10）.doc

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1、初中英语 基础词汇 重点知识点 拓展学习讲义【10】（全国通用）（含答案与解析）bedroom    cn.卧室bee    cn.蜜蜂短语搭配as busy as a bee忙忙碌碌beef   un.牛肉beer   un.啤酒before   prep.在前面;在以前             adv.以前             c

2、onj.在前面短语搭配1.It was not long before 不久就2.It will be not long before 不久就会3.long before很久以前(和过去时态连用)4.before long不久以后(和将来时态或过去时态连用)近义辨析 before和ago 的区别见ago.冲刺中考1.The roof fell _he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.A.after  B.as  C.before  D.until2. Someone called me up

3、 in the middle the night , but they hung up _I could answer the phone. Aas   Bsince  Cuntil   Dbefore3.He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation_it got worse. (Auntil  Bwhen  Cbefore  Das答案：1.C.2.D.3.C.强化练习1.All of us went out of the house before

4、the house _.A.fell down  B.didnt fall down  C.had fallen down  D.hadnt fallen down2.It is five years _he married me.A.before  B.since  C.when  D.after答案与解析1.A.before 后的谓语动词不用否定式.2.B.beg      vt.乞讨,乞求            vi.请求,恳求句型用法1.

5、beg for sth.请求得到2.beg sth of sb. 请求3.beg sb. to do sth.请求(恳求)某人做某事4.beg to do sth请求做某事4.beg that从句(should/may) 请求,恳求短语搭配1.beg ones pardon请原谅2.beg sb. off为某人说情;辞退某人近义辨析 beg和ask的区别beg指带有诚意且谦卑的请求,语气较强,用法较为正式.ask是普通用语,指一般的请求.强化练习1.They failed ,but they begged _another chance.A.to give  B.

6、giving  C.to be given  D.being given2.He worked hard and begged _a better salary.A.for  B.by  C.to  D.of答案与解析1.C.2.A.begin    vt.&vi.开始,着手短语搭配1.to begin with首先,第一2.begin with   以开始近义辨析 begin和start的用法区别：两个词都有 “开始”的意思，很多情况下

7、能通用。start较为口语化。两个词后面都既能接不定式也能接动名词。在下面几种情况下后面接to do 较好:1)主语是物而表示人时.e.g. The water began/started to boil.2)begin/start是-ing形式时.e.g. I am just beginning/starting to do my homework.3)begin/start后面接的是与想法,感情有关的动词.e.g. They began/started to realize the fact.冲刺中考The research is so designed that once_nothing

8、 can be done to change it. A. begins  B. having begun  C. beginning D. begun答案：D.注意：begin既可作不及物动词，也可作及物动词。强化练习1.Had you found that the ice _.A.began melting  B.started melting  C.began melt  D.started to melt2.They _what I said.A.began understanding  

9、;B.began to understand  C.start understanding  D.start understand答案与解析1.D.2.B.achieve         vt. 达到，取得 近义辨析 achieve, gain和get的区别achieve通常指通过努力而获得成功或达到某种目的。gain多指通过努力或奋斗，获得利益，好处，或经验。get表示用某种方法或手段得到某种东西，多用于口语中。强化练习1.They finally _their purpose th

10、rough their hard work.A. get  B. gain  C .achieve   D. have2.We _much experience from our job.A. get  B. gain  C .achieve   D. have3.Suddenly I _a good idea.A. get  B. gain  C .achieve   D. occur4.Flying across the Atlantic for the first ti

11、me is a great_.A. achieve  B. achievement  C. achievable  D.progress答案与解析：1.C.2.B.3.A.4.Bachievement是achieve的名词形式,指具体的一次成就或伟绩时是可数名词。achievable是achieve的形容词形式。progress是不可数名词,故在此不合适。across       prep  1）横过 穿过  2）在-的另一边 3）交叉  4）经过（一整段时间）   

12、60;           adv.  1）横过 穿过  2）在-的另一边 3）交叉   4）横,阔短语搭配1.across from在的对过e.g. My company is across from the bookstore.2.across-the-board  adj. 全面的；全盘的；包括一切的 (电台或电视节目)在固定时间播送的.e.g. It is said that there is to be an across-the-board tax cut here.(据说这里将要有

13、全面的减税.)近义辨析 across和through的区别across穿过,横过；强调从表面穿过;含义与on相关。through穿过强调从当中穿过;含义与in相关。此外，over也可表示横过，越过，它强调“翻越”到较高的物体的另一边。 强化练习1.It takes me 3 hours to swim_ the  river.A.across  B.through  C.over  D.cross2.You are not allowed to walk_the forest alone.A.across  B.throug

14、h  C.over  D.cross3.Its really difficult for the young boy to push _ the crowds to the front .A.across  B.through  C.over  D.cross4.The teacher was looking _ my shoulder at my test paper.A.across  B.through  C.over  D.cross5.They cant went_the river by bike so

15、 they  _the river in a boat.A.across;cross  B.through;cross  C.cross;across  Dover;.cross6.My school is just _my house.A.across near  B.across from  C.cross  D.cross from答案与解析：1.A横穿河流用across.2.B.3.B在人群中穿行应用through，表示从中间穿过。4.C因为眼光越过我的肩膀才能看到试卷，所以用over强调“翻越”。5.Across是动词。6.B.