八年级英语下册阅读理解-知识点归纳与练习经典.doc

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1、八年级英语下册阅读理解-知识点归纳与练习经典一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）1阅读理解 An old man was fishing in the bank of a river. A girl came to see him fishing. The old man was really good at fishing and it didnt take long for him to catch a full basket of fish. The old man saw that the girl was very cute, and he wanted to give

2、her a whole basket of fish. But the girl shook her head. The old man was surprised and asked Why dont you want the fish? The girl replied, I want the fishing rod（竿）in your hands.” The old man asked, Why do you want the rod? It doesnt take long to eat all the fish in a basket. But if I have the fishi

3、ng rod, I can go fishing by myself and I wont be afraid of not having any more fish to eat. I think you will certainly say that the girl is very smart. Wrong! If she doesnt know how to fish, she can not have fish to eat, even though she has the fishing rod. Its useless to only have a fishing rod. Fi

4、shing skills are the most important, not the fishing rod. Too many people think that if they have a fishing rod in their life, they will no longer fear the wind and rain. They are just like the girl, who thought that if she had a fishing rod, she would have fish to eat.（1）The old man was fishing on

5、the bank of a . A.riverB.lakeC.poolD.sea（2）Why did the girl refuse the fish the old man gave her? A.Because she didnt like fish.B.Because she wanted the old mans fishing rod.C.Because the old man had few fish.D.Because she didnt like the old man.（3）The writer thought the girl was after she explained

6、 why she didnt want the fish. A.smartB.hard-workingC.sillyD.lazy（4）What is the best title for the article? A.The Fish.B.The Fishing Man.C.The Fishing Girl.D.Learn to Fish.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】这篇短文给我们讲述的是老人在河边钓鱼, 一个女孩在一边观看。女孩拒绝老人给她的鱼反而要老人的鱼竿，女孩认为有了鱼竿就会自己钓鱼吃。作者认为她很傻，因为钓鱼技巧是最重要的而不是鱼竿。 （1）细节理解题

7、。根据短文中An old man was fishing in the bank of river.可知老人在河边钓鱼。故选A。 （2）细节理解题根据The girl replied, I want the fishing rod（竿）in your hands.可知女孩拒绝鱼，是想要鱼竿，故选B。 （3）细节理解题。根据Wrong! If she doesnt know how to fish, she cannot have fish to eat, even though she has the fishing rod.可知作者认为女孩是傻的，故选C。 （4）题目归纳题。根据Fishin

8、g skills are the most important, not the fishing rod.钓鱼技巧是最重要的而不是鱼竿。可知短文讲的是学会钓鱼，故选D。 【点评】此题考查阅读理解。阅读短文，理解短文大意。分析问题，弄清题意。带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出和问题相关的语句，确定问题答案。对于题目归纳题，要根据文章的主要内容确定。2阅读理解 Tony Wheeler was born to travel. His father worked for an airline. For the first 16 years of his life, Wheeler and his

9、family lived in many counties. In the early 1970s, Tony met a young woman named Maureen. Soon they got married. Before getting jobs, Tony and Maureen wanted to travel. They took a year-long trip from England, through Asia, to Australia. On the trip, they visited places like Iran, India and so on. Wh

10、en Tony and Maureen arrived in Australia, people asked many questions about their trip. To answer these questions, Wheeler wrote a book called Across Asia on the Cheap. The book told people about different countries weather, customs, and places to see. But unlike other travel books of that time, Ton

11、y Wheelers book also talked about places most tourists didnt go. He also wrote about special things to see and to do. The book was very popular. Tony and Maureen started a company called Lonely Planet. They went on traveling. They wrote books for each place they visited. Today, 800 people work for L

12、onely Planet. The company has over 650 books. Tony Wheeler, the great traveler, still writes about travels to many places and will bring us more surprises.（1）Tony Wheeler wrote the book Across Asia on the Cheap to _. A.make money for his next trip.B.tell people about his new companyC.draw peoples at

13、tention to his familyD.answer peoples questions about his trip（2）Across Asia on the Cheap was different from other travel books of that time because _. A.it was longer and more popularB.it was the first travel book in the worldC.it talked about places most tourists did not goD.it talked about a coun

14、trys weather and customs（3）Which of the following is true about Tony Wheelers company? A.His father started it.B.It is an airline.C.Hundreds of people work for it.D.It has no books about traveling.（4）The passage mainly talks about _. A.a great traveler and his booksB.a tour of different countriesC.a

15、 great writer and his familyD.different kinds of companies【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了一个旅行家和他写的书的事情，一开始汤姆结婚，后来他们夫妻二人开始环游世界旅行，并且谢了树，后来他们开了了一家公司，并且继续旅行。 （1）细节题。根据文章提到的 To answer these questions, Wheeler wrote a book called Across Asia on the Cheap 可知，他写这本书的目的是为了回答人们的问题，故选D。 （2）细节题 。根据文章提到的

16、 But unlike other travel books of that time, Tony Wheelers book also talked about places most tourists didnt go. 可知这本书说了人们不去的地方的情况，故选C。 （3）细节题。根据文章提到的 Today, 800 people work for Lonely Planet. 可知，数百人为这家公司工作，故选C。 （4）细节题。根据文章提到的一个旅行家和他的书，可知主要聊了旅行家和书，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解，考查了细节题，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，然后熟悉问题，带着问题到文章中找

17、出答案，注意细节。 3阅读理解 Imagine there is a bank that gives you $86,400 each morning. Every evening the bank deletes （删除） the part that you fail to use during the day. What would you do? Take out every cent, of course! Each of us has such a bank. Its name is TIME. Every morning, time gives you 86,400 seconds

18、. Every day it opens a new account for you. Every night it burns the remains of the day. If you fail to use the days savings, the lost is yours. To realize the value of ONE YEAR, ask a student who failed in SSC Exam. To realize the value of ONE MONTH, ask a mother who gave birth to a premature （早产的）

19、 baby. To realize the value of ONE WEEK, ask the editor of a weekly newspaper. To realize the value of ONE HOUR, ask the lovers who are waiting to meet. To realize the value of ONE MINUTE, ask a person who missed the train. To realize the value of ONE SECOND, ask a person who just avoided （避免） an ac

20、cident. Make good use of every moment that you have. Remember that time waits for no one. Yesterday is history. Tomorrow is a mystery. Today is a gift. Thats why its called The Present.（1）If you want to ask a person who just avoided an accident, you can realize the value of . A.one monthB.one weekC.

21、one minuteD.one second（2）If you want to realize the value of ONE WEEK, . A.you can ask a student who failed in SSC ExamB.you can ask the editor of a weekly newspaperC.you can ask a person who missed the trainD.you can ask the lovers who are waiting to meet（3）In this passage, the writer tries to tell

22、 us . A.to value （珍视） friendshipB.to spend time with our familyC.to value our timeD.to know the difference of time units（单位）【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章通过银行做例子逐渐过渡到了时间，通过一年、一个月、一周、一个小时和一秒钟来论述时间的价值，告诉我们要珍惜时间。 （1）细节理解题，根据 To realize the value of ONE SECOND, ask a person who just avoided （避免） an a

23、ccident. 可知，问一个刚躲过事故的一个人，才会意识到一秒钟的价值，故答案是D。 （2）细节理解题，根据 To realize the value of ONE WEEK, ask the editor of a weekly newspaper. 可知，要想意识到一周的价值，应该去问一下周报的编辑，故答案是B。 （3）推理判断题，根据 Make good use of every moment that you have. Remember that time waits for no one. Yesterday is history. Tomorrow is a mystery.

24、Today is a gift. Thats why its called The Present.可知，作者的写作意图是要告诉我们时间的珍贵，故答案是C。 【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题和推理判断题，细节理解题一般都可以在文中找到答案，而推理判断题则需要根据关键的句子进行合理的推断和想象，最后得出结论。 4根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 Animals grow up in different ways. Some newborn （新生的） animals are helpless but their mothers protect them. A newborn kangar

25、oo is very small. It is only a few centimetres （厘米） long. It closes its eyes and doesnt have hair. It stays safe in its mothers pouch（育儿袋） for a long time. A newborn monkey can not walk. Its mother carries it everywhere. Other baby animals can walk soon after theyre born. They learn to run with thei

26、r mothers when danger is near. A baby zebra can run, an hour after it is born. Some baby animals are born in a place that is safe. Baby wolves are usually born in big hales with little light. Other baby animals are born in the open. A baby elephant is often born on open land. Animals that drink thei

27、r mothers milk are called mammals （哺乳动物）. A mother bears milk is rich. Baby bears have milk for a few months. This is the same with baby zebras, As baby animals grow, they need solid （固体的） food. Baby lions cat what their mother can catch!（1）According to the passage, many newborn animals need their m

28、others help because the baby cant . A.Look after themselvesB.eat any foodC.walk by themselves（2）A newborn monkeys mother carries it everywhere because . A.it is very smallB.it cant walkC.it closes its eyes（3）Baby wolves are usually born in a（n） place. A.openB.brightC.safe（4）Newborn mammals main food

29、 is . A.Mothers milkB.solid foodC.smaller animals（5）How many kinds of baby animals are mentioned in this passage? A.Six.B.Seven.C.Eight.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）C（4）A（5）B 【解析】【分析】短文大意： 短文讲了一些新生的动物的生活方式，新生的动物的饮食及居住的环境等信息。 （1） 推理判断题。根据第一段句子A newborn kangaroo is very smallIt is only a few centimeters longIt clo

30、ses its eyes and doesnt have hairIt stays safe in its mothers pouch（育儿袋）for a long timeA newborn monkey can not walk，刚出生的袋鼠很小，只有几厘米长，它闭上眼睛，没有毛发，它在母体的育儿袋里呆了很长时间。一个刚出生的猴子不能走路，可知动物宝宝不能照顾自己。故选A。 （2）细节理解题。根据 A new born monkey can not walk. Its mother carries it everywhere.可知因为猴宝宝不能走路所以妈妈把它带到各处。故选B。 （3）细节

31、理解题。根据 Some baby animals are born in a place that is safeBaby wolves are usually born in big holes with little light有些动物宝宝出生在一个很安全的地方。小狼通常出生在大洞里，光线很少，可知狼一般出生在安全的地方，故选C。 （4）细节理解题。根据 Animals that drink their mothers milk are called mammals （哺乳动物）. 可知新生的哺乳动物的主要食物是妈妈的奶。故选A。 （5）细节理解题。根据短文的内容提到了袋鼠、猴子、狼、大象

32、、斑马、熊和狮子等七种动物。故选B。 【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先分析问题，掌握问题的关键，在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案 。5阅读理解 Sally Ride was born in California in 1951. She was the first American woman to travel into space. She loved to play tennis and wanted to be a tennis player when she was young. But after three months

33、professional（专业的）training, she changed her mind. She went to Stanford University and started to study science. She studied stars and planets. She did researches at the university and got her PhD in astrophysics（天体物理学博士学位）after several years hard work. In 1977, she took a test to become an astronaut.

34、 And then she was picked up from over 8, 000 people. In order to realize her dream of going into space, she had to get different kinds of special and difficult training. She learned how to fly a plane, how to jump out of a plane as well as how to operate（操作）special machines. Sally and four other ast

35、ronauts flew a spaceship called Challenger on Jun. 18, 1983. She became the first American woman to travel into space. Later, she taught at the University of California. Then she wrote seven books on space for children, encouraging children to study science. Unfortunately, she died in 2012. （1）When

36、did Sally Ride go into space? A.In 1951.B.In 1977.C.In 1983.D.In 2012.（2）Which is NOT true about Sally Ride? A.She learned how to fly a plane.B.She learned how to produce machines.C.She learned how to jump out of a plane.D.She learned how to use special machines.（3）Sally Ride taught at the Universit

37、y of California . A.before she got her PhD in astrophysicsB.before she went to Stanford UniversityC.after she wrote books on spaceD.after she travelled into space（4）Which is the best title（题目）of the passage? A.The first American woman writer.B.The first American woman astronaut.C.The first American

38、woman teacher.D.The first American woman scientist.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了第一位进入太空的美国女士萨莉赖德。年轻时她喜欢网球，想当一名网球运动员。但是三个月的特殊训练后，她改变了主意，经过几年的学习，她获得了天体物理学博士学位。1977年她参加宇航员考试，从8000多人中脱颖而出，经过各种不同种类的特殊而且困难的训练，她学会了开飞机、跳伞、操作特殊的机器。1983年6月18日，她与其它四位宇航员一起乘坐挑战者号宇宙飞船进入太空，成为第一位进入太空的美国宇航员。后来，她到加利弗尼亚大学教书

39、，并为儿童写了七本有关太空的书籍，鼓励孩子们学习科学。她于2012年不幸去世。 （1）细节理解题。根据 Sally and four other astronauts flew a spaceship called Challenger on Jun. 18, 1983. She became the first American woman to travel into space.莎莉和四个其它宇航员在1983年6月18日乘坐挑战号宇宙飞船。她成为第一个到太空旅行的女人。可知莎莉在1983年飞向太空的。故选C。 （2）细节理解题。根据 She learned how to fly a pl

40、ane, how to jump out of a plane as well as how to operate（操作）special machines. 她没有学会生产机器，可知选项B错误的，故选B。 （3）细节理解题。根据She became the first American woman to travel into space. Later, she taught at the University of California.可知她去太空后去加利福尼亚大学教学。故选D。 （4）题目归纳题。这篇短文介绍了美国的女飞行员莎莉一生的故事。故选B。 【点评】此题考查阅读理解。关键信息定位

41、法。这个主要是细节题， 在文章中快速圈出数字，再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息。 推理题解题技巧， 在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得到文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。主旨大意题解题技巧，根据文章的中心思想确定。6阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Come and see the Indian elephants and the new tigers from America. The bears are waiting to meet you, and the monkeys from China ar

42、e waiting to throw things at you. The lovely dogs from Australia are waiting to laugh at you, and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you. Tickets Adults: $2.00 Children: Over12 $1.00 Under12 Free Opening time: 9: 00 a. m. -4: 00 p. m. Except Friday: 10: 00 a. m. -3: 00 p. m. Attent

43、ions: Keep the zoo clean. Do not touch, give food or go near the animals.（1）How many kinds of animals are talked about in the passage? A.SevenB.SixC.FiveD.Four（2）Now Mr. Smith is in the zoo with his son aged 10, how much are the tickets together? A.$2.00B.$3.00C.$4.00D.$1.00（3）Which of the following is the visiting time? A.8: 30 a. m. MondayB.9: 30 a. m. FridayC.3: 00 p. m. SundayD.5: 00 p. m. Tuesday（4）From the passage we can guess the animal giraffe must b