初中英语笔记大全.docx

《初中英语笔记大全.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语笔记大全.docx（47页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、初中英语笔记大全（精华版）电话号码电话号码at .sth.sbcallcall sb.=phone sb.=ring sb.upplease give me a call.请打电话给我family 指家庭时是单数，谓语动词用“is”，family 指家人时是复数，谓语动词用“are”。of 表示无生命物体的所有格，s 表示有生命物体的所有格。有生命物体的所有格也可以用 of，但有生命物体后要加“s”。以副词 there 或 here 开头的句子常要倒装，以示强调。Whats your name,please?=Could you tell me your name,please?=May I

2、haveyour name,please?Nice to meet you.=Glad to meet you.=Pleased to meet you.写启示的方法：1.启示的主题；2.描述细节；3.留下联系方式。表示惊讶、忧伤、微怒、失望等，可以用 dear 作感叹词。名词如果有数量词修饰它，使用谓语动词适应看他的数量词，如：keys of sets two are herekeys of set a is hereget to somewhere(get home 除外)到达)无生命物体的“有”(is there)有生命物体的“有”(have有肯定：Let+宾语（人称代词的宾格或名词）+

3、V 原型+否定：Dont let+宾语+V 原型+/Let+宾语+not+V 原型+have 表示“有”时才可以用来提问或写成否定“havent”。？you will问：)听话的人include不(us Let？weshall问：)说话的人和听话的人(includesLet联系动词be 动词+adj.作表语感官动词look 看sound 听smell 闻taste 尝fell 触反身代词：myself（我自己）yourself（你自己）himself（他自己）herself（她自己）itself（它自己）ourselves（我们自己）yourselves（你们自己）themselves（他们自

4、己）How much+be+商品？（答：Its/Theyre）=What is the price of？（答：It s）cent 美分 One dollar=100 centsother(两者中的另一个)another（三者中的另一个）越接近物品本身性质的形容词越靠近物品，如：big blue hat帮助某人做某事help sb.(to)do sth.help sb.with sth.with the help(n.)of sb.e.g.He studies math well,with the help of teacher.一般将来时的一般形式：主语+will+动词原形+Can I he

5、lp you?=What can I do for you?=(Is there)anything I can do for you?welcomea.受欢迎的v.欢迎n.欢迎get a warm welcome 得到热烈欢迎be 动词不加动词原形“hundred，thousand”与基数词一起表示具体数字时不加“s”。hundreds of 上百 thousands of 上千buy sth.for sb.=buy sb.（间接宾语）sth.（直接宾语）为某人买某物any body 在肯定句中表示任何人，在否定句和疑问句中不是。for 表示动词的对象或接受者，表示用途，表示目的，表示等价交换

6、或标注价格，表示时间持续多久，表示距离，表示理由或原因。each 强调两者或两者以上的每一个，强调个体+第三人称单数every 强调三者或三者以上的每一个，强调整体There are many trees on each side of the roadThere are many trees on both sides of the roadthe price is low(high)价格低（高）也also放在 be 动词、情态动词、助动词之后，实意动词之前either放在句末(疑问句、否定句)too放在句末(肯定句)on a cold morning 在一个寒冷的早晨when？答不用具体时

7、间what time？答要用具体时间比赛contest和智力或知识有关的竞赛gamematch有计划预先安排好的比赛持续一段时间的节日一般用“festival”.a kind of一种many kind of许多种all kinds of各种各样kind of 有几分如：The elephants are kind of cute.含有 think 的宾语从句中如果从句中有否定，要否定前移，如：She doesnt think theyare boring.(她认为他们不无聊)问：How are you？答：Im fine.(我很好。)/Just so so.(一般般。)表示时间、价格、距离的

8、名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：Two dollars is enough(足够)。怎么判断双音节单词中第一个音节是开音节还是闭音节：双音节单词中的两个元音是两个音节的中心，元音是由元音字母或元音字母组合发出的音，因此，首先找到单词中的两个元音字母或元音字母组合，两个中心就清楚了。两个中心之间的辅音字母（不是字母组合）则分别划归两个音节，第一个音节即为闭音节，如果两个中心之间的辅音字母为双写字母（包括“r”），分别划归前后，第一个音节按闭音节读音。如：paper/peip/(pa 为开音节)member/memb/(mem 为闭音节)happy/hpi/(hap 为闭音节)sorry/sri/

9、(sor 为闭音节)certainly/s:tnil/I am sorry.I cant go with you.（对不起。我不能和你一起去。）Thanks./Thank you./Thank you very much./Thank a lot./Many thanks.You are welcome./Thats OK./Thats all right.Its my pleasure./With pleasure.（这是我的荣幸。）make friend with sb.（和交朋友）Thanks for+n./v.ing=Thanks sb.for+n./v.ingbelow 在下方（非正

10、下方）反义词：above 在上面（非正上方，没有接触面）under 在下面（正下方）反义词：on（有接触面），over（没有接触面）在上面（正上方）keep+sth.+adj.使某物保持某状态。keep+adj.保持某状态。表示请求、建议、希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句用“some”。问：Let答：OK./All right./Thats a good idea./That sounds good./Sorry.sport 用来修饰名词要变为 sports。play+the+乐器 Erhu 除外be 动词后叫表语，修饰名词叫定语，修饰动词叫状语，前后两词对等叫同位语。人民币和日元变复数不变，其他

11、要。be good with sb.=get on well with sb.与某人相处的很好问：How often does Rick run on weekend?答：Rick usually runs on weekend.always(总是)usually(通常)often（经常）sometime（有时）seldom（很少）never（从不）频度副词放在 be 动词或助动词之后，实意动词或行为动词之前。感叹句：What+(a/an)+adj.+n.+(主)+（谓）！如：What beautiful flowers they are!How+adj./adv.+(主)+（谓）！如：How

12、 beautiful the flowers are!Can you think what his job is?含有宾语从句的复合句，宾语从句的从句必须是陈述句。Start to do sth.开始做某事be famous for 因出名忙于某事be busy doing sth.be busy with sth.对某人某事严格be strict with sb.be strict in sth./doing sth.for+时间段做某事持续多久问：How long do you have volleyball?答：I have volleyball for two hours.ask sb

13、.some questions.问某人一些问题ask sb.to do sth.叫某人做某事no=not anybecause 不和 so 同时使用，although(尽管)不和 but 同时使用。little修饰不可数名词几乎没有(否定)a little有一些(肯定)few修饰可数名词几乎没有(否定)a few有一些(肯定)either：两者中的任何一个都行。neither：两者中的任何一个都不。用“may”提问的句子回答用 can/can t 或 must/mustn t;用“can”提问的句子回答用 can/cant;用“must”提问的句子回答用 need/neednt.如：1.May

14、 I park my car here?Yes,you can/must./No,you cant/mustnt.2.Can I watch TV?Yes,you can./No,you cant.3.Must I clean the classroom this morning?Yes,you need./No,you neednt.be afraid of doing sth./be afraid of sth.害怕做某事/某物be fond of=likemake a continuation to sth.对有贡献do well in=be good at 擅长比较级+and+比较级越

15、来越give back=return归还法国人单数：Frenchman/Frenchwoman英国人单数：Englishman/EnglishwomanChinese 和 Japanese 单复数同形in the world 在世界上all over the world/around the world/the whole word 全世界in the school 在学校里in school 在学校学习outside 在外面outside the gate to the park 在公园门外turning 转角go down+沿着 路走go straight down+沿着 路直走enjoy

16、 doing sth.喜欢做某事enjoy oneself=have a good time=have funtake a walk=go for a walk=have a walkthe beginning of 的开始at the beginning of 强调在开始的那一刻in the beginning 起初，一开始from the beginning 开始时from beginning to end 从开始到结束visit+地点、参观某地a visit to+地点、参观某地have fun doing sth.做很开心地点+is a great place to do sth.是一

17、个做的地方be busy with sth.忙于某事the way to 去的路on the way to+地点 在去的路上on ones way to+地点 某人在去的路上on my way to home 在我回家的路上把某物递给某人sth.sb.passsb.to sth.pass小地方at大地方inarriveschool reachschool to getschool at arrive到达学校主语+hope(that)+从句主语+hope+to do sth.live on 靠为生主语为人主语为物（强调金钱）时间、金钱主语为人时间、金钱做某事要花某人多少时间、金钱主语为物花费pa

18、yyuan.3 me costsbook Thiscoststh.doing sth./(in)on spendspend sth.do.to sb.It takestakepay 金钱 to sb.for sth.为了某物付钱给某人pay 金钱 to sb.=pay sb.金钱pay sb.付钱给某人between 两者之间 among 三者或三者以上之间触面指从上空穿过、没有接指从内部穿过面指在表面穿过、有接触overthroughacrossWhy not do sth.？表建议：为什么不做呢？Why dont you do sth.?表疑问：你为什么不要？代词名词短语名词句子/beca

19、usebecauseillness.theof because school togot didn Iill.wasI because school togot didn I，如.nof kinds allof kindsmany of kind aadj.of kind如：People like this kind of animals,because theyre kind of cute.in the south of 在南部asleep 睡着的 adj.fall asleep 入睡be asleep 正睡着be friendly to sb.对某人友好dont forget to do

20、 sth.不要忘记做某事tell sb.to do sth.叫某人去做某事tell sb.not to do sth.叫某人不去做某事停下正在做的是事停下正在做的，去做某 sth.doing stop sth.do tostop介词+doing sth.would like to do sth.想要做某事Which place do you live in=Where do you live?Isnt he cute?否定疑问句Sam wants to play basketball,doesnt he?翻译疑问句Why not do sth.?=Why dont you do sth.?pr

21、actice doing sth.练习做某事use sth.to do sth.比较级中的代词用 that，如：The map of Beijing is better than that of Tianjin.said to oneself 自言自语be careful not to do sth.小心别做某事do ones best 尽某人的全力看不出原材料的看得出原材料的制作的由 from make be of made bebe satisfied with 对满意be full of 满是在外部的前面在内部的前面 offront in offront in the条件状语从句：主语为

22、将来时，从句为一般现在时。如：Well have a sports meetingif it doesnt rain tomorrow.Its(形式主语)+adj.+（for sb.）+to do sth.(主语)做某事怎么样。如：Its important for him to play the piano.弹钢琴对他很重要。Its+adj.+of sb.to do sth.（adj.应为 sb.的本身性质）如：Its kind of you to help me.你帮助了我，你真好。go across the bridge 过桥in+时间段（将来时）多久后（放在时间后）（放在时间前）之后，

23、多久之后在later after What does she do?=Whats she?=Whats her job?(CN)jobUN)work（一些时间几次间某时，某个不确定的时频度副词；有时 timesome timessome sometime sometimes如：I hope I can visit Hong Kong sometime.从某人那里得到某物间接宾语）直接宾语，给某人某物（.sb from.sthget.sb.sthsb.to.sth give.sth.sb give穿上穿的状态on put wear talk to/with sb.与某人交谈脱离危险处于危险中da

24、nger ofout bedanger in bebe out 外出叫某人做某事问某人某事sth.do to.sbask.sth.sbask waitress 女服务员 sth.work with sb.work with 工作与某物有关与某人工作be late for 做迟到了花需要被浇水。如：需要被需要做某事需要某物（实义动词）.wateringneed flowers The doing need sth.do toneed sth.need needlearn by oneself=teach oneself 自学 sth.do tosb.teach .sth sb.teach 教某人

25、去做某事教某人某事阅读强调看的过程、动作强调看的结果长时间的看看 readlook seewatch show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.lately 最近迫不及待地想要做某事等待做某事看到某人正做某事 sth.do tocawt wait sth.do wait tosth.doing.sb seethanks for+n./动名词表语一般放在 be 动词后，定语一般放在名词前。be with sb.与某人在一起可以指人，也可以指物指人 oneevery bodyevery oneevery 描述头发：漂亮+长短+形状+颜色描述人的长相：have/has+hair/eye

26、s/ears/mouth/nose is/am/are+tall/short/thin/heavy/good-looking/of medium height strong 的反义词：weak 虚弱的love to do sth.喜爱做某事wear 用进行时态时表示短时间内的状态。如：Miss Li is wearing a new dress today.李老师今天穿着一件新裙子。popular 流行；受欢迎的 pop 流行漂亮；英俊的相貌不好看的；相貌丑相貌平平性或物）外在美或内在美（指女）外在美（指男性或女性 handsome looking-ugly looking-ordinary

27、beautiful looking-goodkind of=a little bit+adj./adv.=a little bit of+n.别和别人开这种玩笑和某人开玩笑给某人讲笑话 others with jokes of kindsuch maket Don sb.with joke a make joke.sb tell多个形容词修饰名词时，顺序为：限定词（the；a）数词描绘词（大小、长短、形状、新旧、颜色）出处材料性质、类别名词.car sports Japanese expensivean.school medicalGerman famous a.tableround smal

28、l a如：记得做过某事记得去做某事 sth.doingremember sth.do oremember t.did students The-classroom thecleaned Who-？allat liket dontdoesnlittle alikemuch lot/very alike）一点都不喜欢：（有一点喜欢：特别喜欢：outgoing 外向的What fine weather it is！=How fine the weather is！sth.do tosb.sth.do to sth.like would Ibut tolike dI/to.like dI Yes-st

29、h.do tolikeyou Would-.thanks No/.please Yes-sth.likeyou Would-，？，？round the world 全世界junk food 垃圾食物.late beingfor reasonsyour me give/sth.doingfor reason thegivesth.for reason thegive sth.do reason to a make如：做某事的理由给出某事为做某事编一个理由be on a visit(n.)to =visit(v.)stay+adj.保持熟能生巧如：没有perfect makes Practicep

30、ractise)(n.)(practicesth./doingpron./n.)v(practicepractice.)v(practisemountain theoffoot at the mountain theup way half mountain theof topon the在山脚下在半山腰在山顶上be angry with sb.钱物金钱人金钱时间人做某事花某人多少时间时间 sb.cost .sbsth.for paysth.doing(in)sth.on /spend sth.do to sb.It takesmost of 中的大多数).(sth doing).(sth do

31、.sth/.sbwatch 看见正在做看见经常做或做过sth.do tosb.for sth.for sth.do to timeisIt He doesnt want to do anything.=He wants to do nothing.Help oneself to sth.受欢迎play a joke on sb.和某人开玩笑dress sb.为某人穿衣打扮动词原型及其过去式to+v.（不定式）可加可不加的不定式省略 sth.do(to)sb.helpsth.do sb.havesth.do sb.let sth.do sb.maketoanother+n.（单）|sth.doi

32、ngfun havesth.do fun to s it sth.do tosb.like wouldIts time for sb.to do sth.be worry(adj.)about(担心)=worry(v.)about结束去做某件事继续做同一件事 sth.do on to go sth.doingon gosothat 如此以致discuss with sb.sth.sth.doing sb.watch sth.doing sb.seesth.doing sb.find)sth.(do sb.see)sth.(doing sb.see看见整个过程经过时看到正在做as soon as

33、一 就Stand sth.Maybe adv.exercise(v.)=do exercise(n.)/do sports(cn.)exercises eyes/morning Dohealthier.be you will,(un.)exercise more Do有修饰词作为How oftenHow manyHow muchHow long 时间多久How far 距离多远How soon 多快例：How soon will you come back？In two days.How many times 多少次result for do sth.want sb.to do sth.感到谁

34、很有趣东西令人觉得很有趣 intered ginterestinThanks for doing sth.尝试做某事尽力做某事 sth.doingthy sth.do try to.)un(fruit.)cn(vegetablebe different from 与不同look after=take care of 照顾（重视）adj.healthy n.health style 风格、方式直观的分数评价mark gradesth.with sb.helpsth.(v.)do(to)sb.helpthe old 老人kind person 热心人the same as 与一样kind of=a

35、 little(bit)keep in good healthy=keep healthymake a plan for 为做计划although=though 让步状语从句：虽然、尽管雨下很大努力地努力的硬的难的 hardrainy sIt hardwork.adv working-hard stone hard a job hard a.adjhardstudent a bemay Hestudent a is he Maybe).(v.v bemay.adv maybe例原情态be good at sth./doing sth.advice(un.)建议 a piece of advic

36、e.部位后连续疼痛，多加在身体肌肉引发炎症，酸痛 ache sorelots of=a lot of fine.adj.advwellfinegood表示身体好？sb.tohappened sWhat sb.with.)wrong(adjsWhatsb.with trouble thesWhatsb.h matter wit thesWhat令人感到疲劳主观感受到疲劳 tieing.)adj(tired.)n(tirecertainly 当然sound like+名词/名词词组完成时一段时间，常用于现在时某个时候，常用于将来几次时有时，常用于一般现在 timesome sometime tim

37、essome sometimeswant sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事=would like sb.to do sth.尽力不做某事尽力做某事 sth.do not totry sth.do try tohope 表示有可能实现的愿望。hope to do sth.希望去做某事；hope+that 从句（that可以省略）。另外，hope 后面+so 表示“希望如此”；hope not 表示“希望不是这样。wish 表示的愿望有点难实现。wish to do sth.希望做某事；wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事；wish that 从句，从句所表示的希望一般是不可

38、能实现的，故用虚拟语气。(adj.)balancedof balance a.)n(tradition.)adj(ltraditiona句子名词短语像examplefor likeNeed sth./to do sth.Be good for sth./doing sth.get 变得)v.(may(adv.)maybe原be with sth.adj.much toon.(cn)many too(un)n.much toowestern 西方的形式主语Its+adj.to do sth.improve 提高have a pain in the+身体部位名词修饰名词：修饰词总为单数woman

39、man 跟着所修饰词单复数变化sport 作为修饰词总为复数there be+主语+doing sth.if：条件状语从句，用一般现在时表将来时。boy.sick a is Thissick.isboy Thesickill.isboy Theill定语：表语：表语：不擅长：be weak is擅长：be good atAngry with sb.about sb.为某事生某人的气。for 表目的，例：We come here for vacation.sth.doing(in)sth.on spend sb.sb.with timespend spend花时间在某人身上花费将来时：1.wil

40、l+v.(原)2.be going to do sth.3.用现在进行时表将来时计划好的事有方向性的词babysatgbabysittinbabysitsb.pay 钱 for sth.on.adjmorning.cold aon leaving is He.th28 of morning on the leaving is Hemorning.in the leaving is He修饰表示天气气候用有go away 离开Have a good time=Enjoy yourselfsend sb.sth.=send sth.to sb.show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb

41、.song.hisfor famous isJaychou beach.beautiful for the famous isShantou for famous besinger.a as famous isJaychou as famous be.)(famous而出名因出名作为adjthink(过去式：thought)：think about sth./doing sth.思考think of：想起decide(决定)to do sth./on sth./on doing sth.在某大洲中心 in：Greece is in Europe.（European 欧洲的）leave some

42、where 离开某地 leave for somewhere 离开去某地planplannedplanningnatural 自然的finish doing sth.完成某事hope to do sth./从句sth.plan sth.do plan to.v.nplanI cant wait to do sth.我迫不及待想做某事the number of 的数量depend on 依赖于in the mountain 在山区以致如此totoothatsokeep+宾语+adj.（宾补）closed)adj.closed(adj.v.openis windowsThe关着的开着的decide

43、 to do sth./on sth./on doing sth.宾语从句：陈述句语序get to=reach=arrive in/atWould/Will you please+v(原)sit at the table 用餐the final(adj.最后的)exam 期末考试How 提问方式方法s前面加确数不加十亿 billion百万 million千 thousandA地+is+距离+(away)from B 地有具体距离不再用 farschool.my from(away)kilometers 10 homeMy school.my from(away)far is homeMy It

44、s+距离+from A to B划线部分提问：Its ten kilometres from my home to school.How far is it from your home to school？It take sb.to do sth.例：It takes him about 10 minutes to ride to the station.ride 车程：An hours bus ride will take you there.walk.minutes 10 sIt.kilometers 10 sIt school tohomeyour fromit isfar How？f

45、inal=at last=in the endnot all（部分否定）并非所有：Not all students are here.(adj.)differencefrom(adj.)different bespend.togoing areyou money much howon dependsIt weather.on the dependsIt depend决定不能是可能肯定推测t can bemay bemust a lot/far/much 用来修饰比较级表示差别程度大，差别程度小用 a bit/a littlen.(pl.)ofnumber largegreat/a ofnumb

46、er small a ofnumber a少数的许多What do you think of？=How do you like？need（实义动词）+sth./to do sth.the number of 的数量，谓动用单数（is）The number of the students is 100.worry（v.）（.adjworry bet Doninvite(v.)invitation(n.)谓主谓主.adjHow).(n.adj)an/a(What 00.5 before homeget tohavet don Shedonight.last 00:12 untillstudy to

47、had I00.5 before homeget tohas She tohave：否定借助动词：人称及时态变化不得不（客观）discuss sth.讨论某事.adv&.adj fast.adj quick soon 移动速度快反应快间隔快训练员训练火车trainer.)n(training.v.ntrain照的照片：这是的照片：这是一张照Tomphoto sTom is ThisTomTom of photo a is Thison ones way to：谁在前往的路上by the way：顺便提一下inways：方面Excuse,youre in my way：你挡到我了th24 the

48、Oct.Oct.th24th24)the(Oct.读：一个整体days twoanother enjoy doing sth.be good at=as assth.do sb.maketo（原型）的不定式：省略/v.adv./adj.lot an.of slot oflot abit a adj.ofbit an.little a：像：喜欢prop.v.like对手项目奖项beatwinon the farm:在农场上take part in=join inlike helping othershowever错误错误!=but？宾格：？主格：谁的宾格谁 with goingyou are W

49、hombest theis Whowhowhowhom whose whomake sb.adj.(宾补)lielyinganother+数字+复数名词by plane=by airbreakbrokebrokenbe+过去分词 被动语态it do toHowdo What tohealthyhealthierbeatbeatwonwin ginterestinsth.doingsth.in interested beinterestedlot.a me interests movie This.v.ninterest感兴趣：使carefullyadj.carefuladj.afterlook

50、 of care taken.about care.vcare：would like to do sth.Youd better do sth./not do sth.view vju:n.观点face to face 面对面another 在做形容词时意为“又一个，再一个，另外的”，其后可以接可数名词的单数或复数。如：I have another two books to read.another，the other，others，the others1another 既可作形容词又可作代词，泛指“再一个，又一个”，表示“总数为三个或三个以上中任意的另一个”，表示泛指，可以单独使用；作定语时