2021高三英语第一轮复习-学案-外研版必修4-42.doc

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1、(2021 年江西卷)学校即将举行以“Turning a bad mood(心情)into a good one为题目的英语作文比赛，请按以下要求写一篇 100 词左右的记叙文或议论文。记叙文：议论文：一、记叙文 Turning a bad mood into a good oneOne day，on my way to school by bus，I stepped on a young mans foot accidentally/quite by accident/chance，I said sorry to him politelyimmediately，but he called m

2、y names rudely.I was in a bad mood the rest of the day.Realizing my bad mood，my headteacher talked with me patiently about it.He said that in fact it is an insight attitude toward life.Itis known to us all that there is a famous saying“Everything depends on ones attitudeLife is like a mirror，if you

3、smile at it，it will smile back to yon.Through this matter，I realize that a good mood is actually an attitude toward life in essence，and that an active attitude toward everythingis very important.Ill face everything unpleasant tolerantly from now on and let my soul full of sunshine.二、议论文 Turning a ba

4、d mood into a good one A good mood is very important in ones daily life.It is actually an attitude to ones life and it is a good quality inside oneselfin essence.There is a famous saying that everything depends on ones attitude.If you have an active attitude toward what you have toface in life，you w

5、ill deal with everything smoothly and successfully whether it is pleasant or not.If we analyze the very cause of a good or a bad mood psychologically，we will find that it is an inner atmosphere in oneself.Whetheryou have a good mood or a bad mood depends on yourself indeed.A bad mood is a passive re

6、flection to outer factors in ones daily life.So how can we control our moods becomes especially fatal，we must form an active attitude and learn to control ourselves.If we can doso，no matter what happens around us，we can tolerant everything and make our life happy and successful.佳句展示佳句展示名师点拨名师点拨1.(20

7、211.(2021 年江苏卷，完形年江苏卷，完形)Students)Students arearealsoalso ableable toto learnlearn realreallifelife skillsskillsthatthatincludeincluderesponsibilityresponsibility，problemsolvingproblemsolving，andand workingworking asas partpart ofofa a team.team.学生也能够学会生活中的技能学生也能够学会生活中的技能，包包括责任感括责任感、解决问题的能力和团队解决问题的能

8、力和团队精神。精神。(that(that 引导定语从句，修饰引导定语从句，修饰先行词先行词 skills)skills)2.(20212.(2021 年 北京 卷，阅读，年 北京 卷，阅读，D)BecauseD)Becausemusicmusic isis anan expressionexpression ofof thethe beingsbeingswhowhocreatecreateitit，ititreflectsreflectstheirtheirthinkingthinking andand valuesvalues，asas wellwell asas thethesocial

9、social environmentenvironment itit camecame from.from.因为音乐是创作者的一种表现因为音乐是创作者的一种表现，它它反映了创作者的思想和价值观反映了创作者的思想和价值观，同同时也反映了音乐产生的社会环境时也反映了音乐产生的社会环境。(as(as wellwell asas 也，还也，还)3.(20213.(2021 年四川卷，年四川卷，7T)News7T)News camecame fromfromthethe schoolschool officeoffice thatthat WangWang LinLin hadhadbeenbeen a

10、dmittedadmitted toto BeijingBeijing University.University.学校办公室传来了王琳已被北京学校办公室传来了王琳已被北京大学录取的消息。大学录取的消息。(同位语从句同位语从句)1adj.主要的 2n人物 3vt.出版 4vt.支持 5vt.改变；转换 6vt.出口 7vt.取代；以代替 8n数量 9vt.诊断 10n受害者leadingleadingfigurefigurepublishpublishsupportsupportconvertconvertexportexportreplacereplacequantityquantitydi

11、agnosediagnosevictimvictim 11adj.简短的；简洁的 12adj.个人的 13vi.逃跑；逃避 14vi.(烟雾)消散 15vt.教育educationn教育educatorn教育者 16adj.农业的agriculturen农业 17adj.原来的；最初的originn起源 18vi.毕业graduationn毕业 19vi.爆炸explosionn爆炸；爆炸声briefbriefpersonalpersonalescapeescapeclearcleareducateeducateagriculturalagriculturaloriginaloriginalg

12、raduategraduateexplodeexplodesupportv支持；支撑；资助；维持；供养；养活；证实；(戏)替当配角；U 支持；拥护；供养；生计 support sb.in sth.在方面支持某人 support ones family 养活家人 support ones opinion 支持某人的观点 in support of sb./sth.支援某人/某事 That bench wont support four people.那张长椅承受不了 4 个人。I will support myself after graduation from college.我大学毕业后要自

13、力谋生。He has a large family to support.他要养一大家人。I wont support your opinion.我不支持你的观点。Mr Wang spoke in support of the proposal.王先生发言支持该项提议。quantityn量；数量；大量(1)a large quantity of 大量的 large quantities of 大量的；许多的 in quantity 大量地(2)qualityn质量 Your work has improved in quantity and quality this term.本学期你的作业在

14、数量上和质量上都有提高。If you buy it in quantity，its a lot cheaper.大批量购置要廉价得多。A quantity of money has been spent in bringing up his children.Quantities of money have been spent in bringing up his children.他在教育孩子方面花了许多钱。Large quantities of books were sent to the library.大量的书被送到了图书馆。There is a quantity of books

15、in the library.图书馆里有大量的书。(2021 年福建卷)Why does the lake smell terrible?Because large quantities of water_.Ahave pollutedBis being polluted Chas been pollutedDhave been polluted【解析】句意为：这湖水怎么这么难闻？因为大量的水已经被污染了。此题考查时态、语态及主谓一致问题。water 与 pollute 为被动关系，故排除 A 项；B 表“正被污染，故排除；large quantities of 后加名词，谓语动词应与 qua

16、ntities 保持一致，故排除 C 项，答案为 D 项。【答案】Dgraduaten毕业生；vi.毕业(1)graduate from 从某所学校毕业 graduate in 毕业于(某专业)(2)graduationn毕业 They graduated from high school last year.他们去年高中毕业。He graduated in law from Beijing University.他毕业于北京大学法律系。Hes a graduate of Harvard in medicine.他是哈佛大学的医学毕业生。After graduation from colleg

17、e，he devotes himself to scientific research.自从大学毕业后，他致力于科学研究事业。escapen&v逃跑；逃脱；逃避(1)escape(doing)sth.逃脱(做)某事 escape from/out of.从逃跑，逃走 escape ones attention/notice 逃过某人的注意，被某人无视(2)have a narrow escape 九死一生 a fire escape 紧急出口，平安门 make ones escape 逃跑 The fire spread quickly but luckily all the people m

18、anaged to escape from the burning house.火势蔓延得很快，但幸运的是所有的人都设法从燃烧的房子里逃出来了。She was lucky to escape punishment/being punished.她逃脱了惩罚真是幸运。Im afraid your name escapes me.我恐怕记不起你的名字了。The party was boringwe couldnt wait to make our escape.聚会很无聊，我们迫不及待地要溜走。He had a narrow escape.他九死一生/幸免于难。clearvt.使清澈，使清楚，扫清

19、；vi.变清澈；(天)变晴；(烟雾)消散；adj.清澈的；晴；清晰的；畅通的(1)clear the table 收拾桌子 clear ones throat 清清嗓子 clear snow from the streets 去除街上的积雪 clear ones mind of doubt 消除心中疑团(2)clear away 把收拾走，去除掉 clear up(天气)转晴 clear sth.up 整理，使整洁(3)make.clear 清楚说明，讲清楚 It was a fine day once the mist had cleared.雾消散后是个晴天。The sky cleared

20、 after the storm.暴风雨过后，天转晴了。Wed better start clearing up.我们最好开始收拾吧。Clear the rubbish，please.请去除垃圾。To make yourself clear without using facial expressions can be very difficult.不借助面部表情就能清楚地表达自己的观点会很难。They cleared up the misunderstanding and made up.他们消除误会和好了。1Hi，havent seen you for ages！How are you?E

21、r.，Im sorry，but your name_me.AforgetsBmisses CescapesDescapes from【解析】句意为“很抱歉，我忘了你的名字了。sth.escapes sb.(某事)逃过某人的注意、记忆等，此时 escape 用做及物动词。【答案】C 2Generally speaking，_graduate from _wellknown university is more likely to find a job.Aa；aBa；the Cthe；aDthe；the【解析】考查冠词。在本句中，graduate 与 wellknown university 都有

22、“泛指之意。【答案】A 3With more forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth _each year.Ais washing awayBis being washed away Care washing awayDare being washed away【解析】句意为“森林正在被毁，大量的好土地正在被冲走。故应用现在进行时的被动结构。句子的主语是“quantities of不可数名词时，谓语动词应用复数形式。【答案】D 4Mum，it is nice weather.Id like to go skating this

23、 afternoon.Dont you think the ice on the lake is too thin to_your weight?AstandBcatch CsupportDtake【解析】表示“负担、支撑要用 support，too thin to support your weight 太薄承受不住你的重量。stand，take 意为“容忍、忍受，常与cant 或 couldnt 连用。【答案】C 5The old lady came in，_herself with a walking stick.AraisingBsupporting CliftingDrising【解

24、析】考查动词辨析。raise 举起，升高；support 支撑，支持；lift 举起；rise 升起。句意为：老妇人用拐杖支撑着自己进来了。【答案】B 6On his mothers arrival，the crying babys face_.Acleared upBcleaned up Cwarmed upDsmiled【解析】“clear up指人的表情时，为“喜笑颜开。【答案】A 1因而知名/闻名 2谋生 3掌权 4偶然 5转变成 6培养；养育 7由于的结果 8与作战 9带来；引进 10做得好be_known_for.be_known_for.earn_oneearn_ones_liv

25、ings_livingcome_to_powercome_to_powerby_accidentby_accidentconvert_toconvert_tobring_upbring_upas_a_result_ofas_a_result_ofat_war_withat_war_withbring_inbring_inwell_donewell_donecome to power 开始执政，当权，上台 in power 当权 have/hold power over sth.对有控制权 beyond ones power 不能胜任，力所不能及 out of/outside sb.s powe

26、r to do sth.做某事超出某人的能力 within ones power 有能力；力所能 及 The Labor Party came into power in 1945.工党在 1945 年开始执政。Things became worse since he came into power.自从他上台后情况变得更糟。Its beyond my power to help you.我没有能力帮助你。The situation is beyond our power to control.这种情形是我们所不能控制的。bring in 请来，带进；引进，赚钱，收割庄稼 bring abou

27、t 引起；导致 bring back 归还；使记起；使恢复 bring down 使落下；降低；减少 bring up 教育；养育；提出；呕吐 New ideas have been brought in since China was opened to the outside world.中国自对外开放以来，引进了很多新的思想。Could I just bring in some members of the audience to get their views？我可以邀请一些观众来听取他们的意见吗？The thief was brought in，with his hands tied

28、 back.那个贼双手反绑着被带了进来。He brings in an extra hundred dollars a month from his new job.他的新工作使他每个月多赚 100 美元。I shall bring up this question at the next meeting.这个问题我要在下次会议上提出。1What political party _in France currently?Acame to powerBcomes into power Cis in powerDwas put into power【解析】时间副词 currently 意为“目前，

29、所以应用一般现在时态表示目前的状态，come into power“上台，执政为结束性动词短语，be in power“掌权，执政表状态。【答案】C 2He_for ten years but she still doesnt want to leave office.Ahas been in powerBhas come to power Ctook officeDcame into power【解析】由时间状语 for ten years 和 doesnt want to leave office 可知应填表示状态的短语动词，故 A 项正确。【答案】A 3Thanks to the Ref

30、orm and Open policy，we have been_much modern technology.Abrought inBbrought about Cbringing inDbringing about【解析】句意是“多亏改革开放的政策，我们引进了很多先进技术。句子中所用的时态是现在完成进行时(have been doing)，表示动作在过去发生，现在仍在进行，还可能继续下去。【答案】C 4The policeman _two thieves caught stealing in the supermarket.Abrought upBbrought into Cbrought

31、 inDbrought out【解析】bring 短语辨析。bring up 教育，养育，呕吐，提出，bring.into.固定短语，bring sth.into line 使某事物一致，bring in 请来，带进来，收入，bring out 阐释，出版，发挥。句意为：警察带进来在超市里被发现行窃的两个小偷。【答案】C 1_ _the worlds population regularly_rice.世界人口中有三分之二的人经常吃大米。【答案】2/3 of；eat 2But_ _ wanted to use rockets in battles.但不是每个人都想在战争中使用火箭。【答案】no

32、t everybody 3He thought that the_ _ _people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly.他想，养活世人的关键是更多更快地生产水稻。【答案】key to feeding 450 thousand square kilometers of rice fields_ _ _growing vegetables and other cash crops.五万平方公里的稻田被转而种植蔬菜和别的庄稼。【答案】were converted toBut not everybody wanted to us

33、e rockets in battles.但不是每个人都想在战争中使用火箭。Not all friends can share in sorrows as well as joys.并非所有的朋友都能同甘共苦。None of the predictions comes true.没有一个预言会变成现实。All that glitters is not gold.发光的不都是金子。Both of them dont like drawing.不是两个人都喜欢绘画。Neither of them doesnt like drawing.他们两人中没有一个不喜欢绘画的。Its yield is mu

34、ch greater than the yield of other types of rice grown in Pakistan.它的产量比巴基斯坦所种植的其他品种的水稻产量都要高得多。much 修饰比拟级，意为“得多。常见的修饰比拟级的词还有：a little，a bit，a lot，rather，by far，far，even，still，any 等。She speaks English far better than her classmates.她讲英语比她的同学好得多。After the first failure，he studies even harder now.第一次失败

35、后，他学习更加努力了。I did rather worse this time.这次我做得相当糟。1Its impossible for all the people to get the job because _ of them are not fit for it.AnoneBall Cnot allDevery one【解析】not 与 all 连用为局部否认，表示“并非所有的都；D 项中 every one 与 not 连用也可表示局部否认，但谓语动词要用单数。【答案】B 2(2021 届福建局部重点中学联考)The situation of the global finance c

36、risis was_worse than expected.AratherBfairly CveryDany【解析】考查副词。此题中所使用的副词必须能够修饰形容词的比拟级，rather 与 any 符合条件，但是 any 用于否认句或疑问句中，因此选 rather。【答案】A 3After several years research，scientists now have a_better understanding of the HIV.AveryBfar CfairlyDquite【答案】A.单词拼写 1His work is good in respect of quality but

37、 bad in respect of_(数量)【答案】quantity 2The director cast her in a_(主要的)part when she was a young unknown of 16.【答案】leading 3If you look_(直接的)ahead，youll see the church in the distance.【答案】straight 4The country is heavily dependent on its exports of_(农业的)commodities.【答案】agricultural 5He has got_(杰出的)ac

38、hievements in the field of physics.【答案】brilliant 6Scientists have made a major_(突破)in the treatment of cancer.【答案】breakthrough.情景交际 1.(2021 年山东卷)John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.Oh，_！Acheer upBwell done Cgo aheadDcongratulations【解析】句意为：我和约翰下个月将庆祝我们结婚 40 周年。哦，祝贺你们

39、！cheer up(使)快乐起来，(使)振作起来；well done 做得好 goahead 干吧，说吧，用吧；congratulation 祝贺。【答案】D 2.(2021 年山东卷)Poor Steve！I could hardly recognize him just now!_.He has changed so much.ANever mindBNo problem CNot at allDMe neither【解析】句意为：可怜的史蒂夫！刚刚我几乎没认出他来！我也没(认出)，他变化太大了。never mind 不要紧；no problem 没问题；not atall 根本不；me

40、neither 我也没。【答案】D 3(2021 年天津卷)Were organizing a party next Saturday，and Id like you to come._！I have another one that day.Thank you just the same.AGood luckBWhat a pity CNever do it againDWell done【解析】句意为：我们正组织下周六的一次聚会，我邀请你参加。真遗憾！那天我还有一个聚会。仍然谢谢你。A.祝你好运；C.以后别这样做了；D.干得好。【答案】B 4.(2021 年天津卷)Putting on a

41、 happy face not only helps us make friends but also makes us feel better._.AId love toBIm with you on that CIts up to youDIts my pleasure【解析】句意为：露出笑脸不仅有助于我们交友，而且还使我们感觉更好。我同意你这一点。A.表示欣然接受邀请；C.由你来决定；D.不客气(答复感谢)。【答案】B 5.(2021 年江苏卷)Bill，can I get you anything to drink?_.AYou are welcome BNo problem CI w

42、ouldnt mind a coffee DDoesnt matter【解析】句意为：Bill，要我拿点喝的东西给你吗？来杯咖啡吧。A.Youre welcome.答复谢谢；B.No problem.答复对方的请求；D.Doesnt matter.答复抱歉。【答案】C.语法专练 本单元语法被动语态 1Hurry up，or tickets_out by the time we get there.Awill have soldBwill sell Chave been soldDwill have been sold【解析】考查时态和语态。根据时间状语，判定主句动作发生在将来某个动作之前，另外

43、主语 tickets 与谓语的关系应为被动关系，所以用将来完成时的被动语态。【答案】D 2Your Tshirt is dirty.I know.It_for days.Ahasnt washedBdidnt wash Cwasnt washedDhasnt been washed【解析】for days 表示一段时间，it 代指 Tshirt 和谓语动词之间的关系是被动关系。根据语境，谓语局部应为现在完成时的被动语态，所以选 D。【答案】D 3Neither of the young men who had tried to get the job in the company_.Ahas

44、been acceptedBhad been accepted Cwas acceptedDaccepted【解析】首先主语 neither of the young men 与谓语之间的关系是被动关系，另外根据定语从句中的时态提示，判定主句所表达的内容发生在定语从句所表达的内容之后。所以应该用一般过去时态的被动语态。【答案】C 4(2021 年北京西城综合)Do you like the material?Yes，it_very soft.Ais feelingBfelt CfeelsDis felt【解析】feel 在此为连系动词，而连系动词均为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，尽管有时其汉语意思有被动意味。【答案】C 5(2021 年西安二次质检)What I wanted to know was when and where the meeting_.Awas holdingBhad held Cwas to holdDwas to be held【解析】从逻辑上说，“会议应是被开，故用被动式。【答案】D